1 / 41

Dec. 05 / 2006 : Hotel Silken, Belaymont, Brussels

A sia E co- D esign E lectronics C onference. Brussels: Belgium. Eco-Design Activities: Thailand. Mr. Charuek Hengrasmee President, Electrical and Electronics Institute. Dec. 05 / 2006 : Hotel Silken, Belaymont, Brussels. Eco-Design Activities: Thailand. AEDE Conference:

obert
Download Presentation

Dec. 05 / 2006 : Hotel Silken, Belaymont, Brussels

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. AsiaEco-DesignElectronics Conference Brussels: Belgium Eco-Design Activities: Thailand Mr. Charuek Hengrasmee President, Electrical and Electronics Institute Dec. 05 / 2006 : Hotel Silken, Belaymont, Brussels

  2. Eco-Design Activities: Thailand AEDE Conference: Hotel Silken, Belaymont, Brussels, Dec. 05 / 2006 Mr. Charuek Hengrasmee (charuek@thaieei.com) Electrical and Electronics Institute (www.thaieei.com) Outline • E&E Industry & Relevant Envi. Directives Issues • AEDE Project Activities : Thailand • National Capacity Building Activities / Experience • Conclusion

  3. Eco-Design Activities: Thailand AEDE Conference: Hotel Silken, Belaymont, Brussels, Dec. 05 / 2006 Mr. Charuek Hengrasmee (charuek@thaieei.com) Electrical and Electronics Institute (www.thaieei.com) Thailand : E&E Business Perspective (BUS$)

  4. Eco-Design Activities: Thailand AEDE Conference: Hotel Silken, Belaymont, Brussels, Dec. 05 / 2006 Mr. Charuek Hengrasmee (charuek@thaieei.com) Electrical and Electronics Institute (www.thaieei.com) No.of Factories S = 1,551 M = 312 L = 231 Total = 2,094 Local 43% Foreign / Joint venture 57% Local 60% Foreign / Joint venture 40%

  5. Cost and Availability of Recycle Plant in EU Appropriate Local WEEE Regulation & Management System, Product Stds. to leverage NTBs while build up local capacity Cost and availability of HS-Free parts/material and mfg. process Reporting system for self-declaration and cost of product liability Stds., test method, test cost, and Certification of Conformity / Compliance for market access Eco-Design Activities: Thailand RoHS WEEE AEDE Conference: Hotel Silken, Belaymont, Brussels, Dec. 05 / 2006 Mr. Charuek Hengrasmee (charuek@thaieei.com) Electrical and Electronics Institute (www.thaieei.com) EU-Environ. Rqmt.and Related Key Issue

  6. Eco Design Capability & Experience Development of Quality Management System, Energy Saving Stds., Environmental Product Labelling Availability of CCI Database Competency in LCA Registration & Evaluation Cost Burden Availability & Cost of “AUTHORIZED” Chemicals Cost & Burden in Conformity / Compliance Assessment Eco-Design Activities: Thailand EuP AEDE Conference: Hotel Silken, Belaymont, Brussels, Dec. 05 / 2006 Mr. Charuek Hengrasmee (charuek@thaieei.com) Electrical and Electronics Institute (www.thaieei.com) EU-Environ. Rqmt.and Related Key Issue (cont.) REACH “Local SMEs not in “Branded” supply chain will be suffered”

  7. Eco-Design Activities: Thailand Agriculture Age Industrial Age Information Age Inform Tech Bio-tech + Material-tech + Nano-tech - Digital Language EU USA - E-commerce Japan - Global Business Green based economy Competitive Advantage Zero-wastes Society Knowledge & Technology Taiwan Singapore Korea Material cycle Society China Malaysia - Oral & written Thailand • Natural Resource & labor & • Machinery based Economy • Knowledge economy • Mass Production & • Efficiency - Global Labor for Services - Genetic code - Globalization 1840 30,000 B.C. 1900 1960 2000 2005 2010 2015 2020 AEDE Conference: Hotel Silken, Belaymont, Brussels, Dec. 05 / 2006 Mr. Charuek Hengrasmee (charuek@thaieei.com) Electrical and Electronics Institute (www.thaieei.com) Global shifts:Where to go: Green Based Economy*Ref.Thai-NESDB

  8. Eco-Design Activities: Thailand Sustainable Development Environmental Requirements Competitiveness Impact Demand for Green Products Economic Restructure National Policy National Policy Green Based Economy Environmentally Sound Management: ESM End of Life Cycle Prevention IncreasingUse Efficiency Reuse/Recycling/ Repair/Refurbishment /Recovery Bio-Products/Material Sustainable Development and Competitive Advantage AEDE Conference: Hotel Silken, Belaymont, Brussels, Dec. 05 / 2006 Mr. Charuek Hengrasmee (charuek@thaieei.com) Electrical and Electronics Institute (www.thaieei.com) Global shifts:Why Green Based Economy*Ref.Thai-NESDB

  9. Eco-Design Activities: Thailand AEDE Conference: Hotel Silken, Belaymont, Brussels, Dec. 05 / 2006 Mr. Charuek Hengrasmee (charuek@thaieei.com) Electrical and Electronics Institute (www.thaieei.com) KPI (Key performance Indicator)(PROJECT COMPARISON) * ONLY THAILAND

  10. Eco-Design Activities: Thailand AEDE Conference: Hotel Silken, Belaymont, Brussels, Dec. 05 / 2006 Mr. Charuek Hengrasmee (charuek@thaieei.com) Electrical and Electronics Institute (www.thaieei.com) KPI (Key performance Indicator)(PROJECT COMPARISON) * *up to detailed design/ prototype * ONLY THAILAND

  11. Eco-Design Activities: Thailand Green Green Procurement Label LCA EMS WEEE RoHS REACH Ecodesign EuP AEDE Conference: Hotel Silken, Belaymont, Brussels, Dec. 05 / 2006 Mr. Charuek Hengrasmee (charuek@thaieei.com) Electrical and Electronics Institute (www.thaieei.com)

  12. Eco-Design Activities: Thailand Green Green Procurement Label LCA EMS WEEE RoHS REACH Ecodesign EuP AEDE Conference: Hotel Silken, Belaymont, Brussels, Dec. 05 / 2006 Mr. Charuek Hengrasmee (charuek@thaieei.com) Electrical and Electronics Institute (www.thaieei.com)

  13. Eco-Design Activities: Thailand Green Green Procurement Label LCA EMS WEEE RoHS REACH Ecodesign EuP Incomplete Complete No AEDE Conference: Hotel Silken, Belaymont, Brussels, Dec. 05 / 2006 Mr. Charuek Hengrasmee (charuek@thaieei.com) Electrical and Electronics Institute (www.thaieei.com)

  14. Eco-Design Activities: Thailand Green Green Procurement Label LCA EMS WEEE RoHS REACH Ecodesign EuP AEDE Conference: Hotel Silken, Belaymont, Brussels, Dec. 05 / 2006 Mr. Charuek Hengrasmee (charuek@thaieei.com) Electrical and Electronics Institute (www.thaieei.com)

  15. Eco-Design Activities: Thailand Green Green Procurement Label LCA EMS WEEE RoHS REACH Ecodesign EuP AEDE Conference: Hotel Silken, Belaymont, Brussels, Dec. 05 / 2006 Mr. Charuek Hengrasmee (charuek@thaieei.com) Electrical and Electronics Institute (www.thaieei.com)

  16. Eco-Design Activities: Thailand Green Green Procurement Label LCA EMS WEEE RoHS REACH Ecodesign EuP Incomplete Complete No AEDE Conference: Hotel Silken, Belaymont, Brussels, Dec. 05 / 2006 Mr. Charuek Hengrasmee (charuek@thaieei.com) Electrical and Electronics Institute (www.thaieei.com)

  17. Eco-Design Activities: Thailand GP Thailand Government TEI Green Productivity Green Purchasing Universities • Local/Domestic MTEC Green Products Consumers • LCA Experts • LCA Studies • LCA Roadmap • LCA Database • EcoDesign/DfE • Green Camp (EEI) • GDN (2005) • Thai RoHS Network • WEEE (PCD) • International Green Supply Chain WEEE RoHS REACH IPP ELV EU Eco-Label etc. Industries • E & E • Textile • Auto • etc. Industry-Specialized Institutes EEI-TAI-THTI etc. AEDE Conference: Hotel Silken, Belaymont, Brussels, Dec. 05 / 2006 Mr. Charuek Hengrasmee (charuek@thaieei.com) Electrical and Electronics Institute (www.thaieei.com) Conceptual Approach to Sustainable Production & Consumption

  18. Eco-Design Activities: Thailand Activities in EEI -Green Camp Project Month 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 Pre-camping Green Camp Preparation Website Public Relation Expert training LCA & EcoDesign Databases/Software Development Training Material / Manual Prep. Train the Trainer in LCA & EcoDesign Green Camp Implementation Manufacturing Training & Site Visit Service Network for SMEs Development Green camp practice Factory Consultation in CT Demonstration Projects AEDE Conference: Hotel Silken, Belaymont, Brussels, Dec. 05 / 2006 Mr. Charuek Hengrasmee (charuek@thaieei.com) Electrical and Electronics Institute (www.thaieei.com)

  19. Eco-Design Activities: Thailand Eco Design Pilot project AEDE Conference: Hotel Silken, Belaymont, Brussels, Dec. 05 / 2006 Mr. Charuek Hengrasmee (charuek@thaieei.com) Electrical and Electronics Institute (www.thaieei.com) Air conditioner compresser

  20. Eco-Design Activities: Thailand AEDE Conference: Hotel Silken, Belaymont, Brussels, Dec. 05 / 2006 Mr. Charuek Hengrasmee (charuek@thaieei.com) Electrical and Electronics Institute (www.thaieei.com) Activities in EEI –SPF LCAED Month 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 Act1Initial Training in Eu Act2Internal meetings Of EEI experts for transfer of knowledge Act3Follow-up mission of the European experts to EEI Act4Preparation of Training Curriculum Act5Application of ED and LCA in four pilot industries (Down light, Surge Protection, Transformer, Electronic Ballast) Act6Communication Seminars

  21. Eco-Design Activities: Thailand Eco Design Pilot project AEDE Conference: Hotel Silken, Belaymont, Brussels, Dec. 05 / 2006 Mr. Charuek Hengrasmee (charuek@thaieei.com) Electrical and Electronics Institute (www.thaieei.com) KV Electronic- Transformer 1 Swangsilp Industrial-CURVE1 Thai Energy Conservation-Ballast 1 Leonics- Surge Protector

  22. EU-SPF Roadmap :Cap. building on LCA/eco-design for EEI Overall objective Promote LCA ED among Thai EE products Reduce EEE waste in Thailand & EU Reduce Dangerous substances in EE products in Thailand Improve Thai EE Mfg to access to EU markets Specific objective Build the capacity of EEI to help Thai manufacturers of EEE’s for application of LCA & ED Maintenance OF long term improve capacity Thai EE mfg are aware of EEI capacity to support EEI expert have improve Knowledge how to train LCA ED Expect results Follow-up mission of EU expert Prepare training curricular Application of LCAED 4 pilot project Communication seminar Incentive training course on LCAED of 2 EEI trainers in EU Internal meeting transfer knowledge Activities A2. Special attention paid to ensure maximum visibility of the EEI’s improved capacity A1.Build the capacity of EEI Opportunity 2 EEI has demonstration in EEE mfg Notably for advising them on compliance with EU reg. Need to make quality and affordable assistance available for Thai manufacturers willing to adopt LCA ED Issues, Constraints Opportunities needs Opportunity 1 The application/adoption of LCA ED to improve the ENV.performance of the EE industry Constraint 2 EU impose an increasing relate to Env.performance for EEE put on EU market Constraint 1 The EE Industry is strategic sector for Thailand economy,exportI Constraint 3 EU customer are increasingly concern env.product frainly As a result many products continue to include excessive amounts of dangerous and polluting substance Many mfg of Thai EEEs can only apply LCA ED on a limited basis (limited financial resources) Limited number of qualified LCA ED consultant High costs for adopting LCA and ED for Thai industries LCA ED consult to mfg 0nly one at a time and short time cannot target capacity building of the industries

  23. Eco-Design Activities: Thailand AEDE Conference: Hotel Silken, Belaymont, Brussels, Dec. 05 / 2006 Mr. Charuek Hengrasmee (charuek@thaieei.com) Electrical and Electronics Institute (www.thaieei.com) AEDE Activities in Thailand

  24. Eco-Design Activities: Thailand • Methodology: • Documents Researches for secondary data • Face-to-Face interview dialogues, mail, seminar Q’naire for primary data • Key topics: • Legislation and Industry Initiative • Implication for suppliers • Gaps & future needs • Capacity Bldg. Plan • Recommendations AEDE Conference: Hotel Silken, Belaymont, Brussels, Dec. 05 / 2006 Mr. Charuek Hengrasmee (charuek@thaieei.com) Electrical and Electronics Institute (www.thaieei.com) AEDE : Thailand Country Study Report • Poverty Alleviation • Testing Facilities • Technology and Process changes • Mgmt. needs

  25. Eco-Design Activities: Thailand JICA, JETRO AOTS, GTZ DEVELOPED COUNTRIES Gov. Local SMEs TNCs & MNCs Env. Req. & Cap.Bldg. for UNCTAD UNEP EC Support AFF. JVs ? Local SMEs GOV. DEVELOPINGCOUNTRIES AEDE Conference: Hotel Silken, Belaymont, Brussels, Dec. 05 / 2006 Mr. Charuek Hengrasmee (charuek@thaieei.com) Electrical and Electronics Institute (www.thaieei.com) CONCLUSION & EXPECTATION • Need greater cooperation and support among government, private & public sectors to increase capacity building. (Both domestic and international)

  26. Eco-Design Activities: Thailand AEDE Conference: Hotel Silken, Belaymont, Brussels, Dec. 05 / 2006 Mr. Charuek Hengrasmee (charuek@thaieei.com) Electrical and Electronics Institute (www.thaieei.com) Thank You Kob Khun Krub

  27. Eco-Design Activities: Thailand AEDE Conference: Hotel Silken, Belaymont, Brussels, Dec. 05 / 2006 Mr. Charuek Hengrasmee (charuek@thaieei.com) Electrical and Electronics Institute (www.thaieei.com) APE Asia Pro-Eco AOTS The Association for Overseas Technical Scholarship CfSD Center of Sustainable Design CITQ Center d’Innovacio Tecnologia Quimica CMU Chiang Mai University DFT Department of Foreign Trade DIW Department of Industrial Works DPIM Department of Primary Industries and Mines DSS Department of Science Service EEI Electrical and Electronics Institute FTI Federation of Thai Industries GAP Green Aid Plan GSC Green Supply Chain ISMED Institute of Small and Medium Enterprises Development JETRO The Japanese External Trade Organization JICA Japan International Cooperation Agency METI Ministry of Economics Trade and Industry MOC Ministry of Commerce MOF Ministry of Finance MOI Ministry of Industry MONRE Ministry of Natural Resources and Environmental MOST Ministry of Science and Technology MTEC National Metals and Materials Technology Center NESDB National Economic & Social Development Board OIE Office of Industrial Economics, MOI PCD Pollution Control Department, MONRE TBCSD Thailand Business Council for Sustainable Development TEI Thailand Environment Institute TRF Thailand Research Fund TISTR Thailand Institute of Scientific and Technological Research

  28. Eco-Design Activities: Thailand AEDE Conference: Hotel Silken, Belaymont, Brussels, Dec. 05 / 2006 Mr. Charuek Hengrasmee (charuek@thaieei.com) Electrical and Electronics Institute (www.thaieei.com) AEDE in Thailand Poverty alleviation The producers with own brands would be responsible for WEEE treatment that need to be prepared and resolved. This would increase the inevitable cost of treatment incurred by the producers. Producers who had no own brands or OEM, the buyers did not inform details of the RoHS or requirements, the production lines are currently suspended until further notice of production is approved. This resulted in manpower down-sizing by half to lower the overhead costs. (manufacturer dialogue, May 2006)

  29. Eco-Design Activities: Thailand AEDE Conference: Hotel Silken, Belaymont, Brussels, Dec. 05 / 2006 Mr. Charuek Hengrasmee (charuek@thaieei.com) Electrical and Electronics Institute (www.thaieei.com) AEDE in Thailand Testing facilities In monitoring compliance and re-evaluation schemes, product and process are to be retested, double checked, cross checked, in addition to the control of imported parts. 68% of the respondents replied that RoHS substances were tested and test reports and certifications were requested from vendors. (EEI, May, 2006)

  30. Eco-Design Activities: Thailand AEDE Conference: Hotel Silken, Belaymont, Brussels, Dec. 05 / 2006 Mr. Charuek Hengrasmee (charuek@thaieei.com) Electrical and Electronics Institute (www.thaieei.com) AEDE in Thailand Technology and process changes more than 50% of respondents were sure that their products are RoHS free (13.6% very sure, 41.8% sure, 22.2% moderate, 6.8% not so sure, 3.9% not sure). In response to suppliers’ products whether they are RoHS free, most buyers were sure (35.9%), (6.8% very sure, 26.2% moderate, 16.5% not so sure, and 4.9% not sure). For trust of local versus imported parts to be RoHS free, most buyers preferred imported parts (26.2%) to local parts (7.7%), however a considerable number of buyers trusted them to be RoHS free from certain countries (57.3%). (EEI, 2006 survey)

  31. Eco-Design Activities: Thailand AEDE Conference: Hotel Silken, Belaymont, Brussels, Dec. 05 / 2006 Mr. Charuek Hengrasmee (charuek@thaieei.com) Electrical and Electronics Institute (www.thaieei.com) AEDE in Thailand Technology and process changes The production development was mostly organized by customer needs and R&D. Other production developments responded were organized by company working standard, TQM, Kaizen, lean and six sigma manufacturing. The engineering methods utilized in production development replied by respondents were six sigma, Kaizen, Lean, and PDCA (Plan, Do, Check, Action), and tools were QC tool, XRF, and EDX, fish bone diagrams ranked highest. In production development, engineers were involved the most as replied by respondents, production technicians and R&D engineers were also involved. Others included design engineer, QA personnel, CNC engineer, manager, supervisor, and machine operator. (EEI survey, 2006)

  32. Eco-Design Activities: Thailand AEDE Conference: Hotel Silken, Belaymont, Brussels, Dec. 05 / 2006 Mr. Charuek Hengrasmee (charuek@thaieei.com) Electrical and Electronics Institute (www.thaieei.com) AEDE in Thailand Management needs The companies mostly have the ISO 9000 and ISO 14000 series in place. Other management system is ISO/TS 16949 for part makers of automotive industry. Other systems included TQM and OHSAS. The responded workers have moderate to much freedom in all divisions to express their opinions within the responsible boundary and the company rules. The customer requirement about the products offered was quality, ranked highest, the second requirement was just in time (JIT) delivery, and the third was low pricing. Other customer requirements were service, precision and RoHS free, specific complied product, and durability. (2006 EEI survey)

  33. Eco-Design Activities: Thailand AEDE Conference: Hotel Silken, Belaymont, Brussels, Dec. 05 / 2006 Mr. Charuek Hengrasmee (charuek@thaieei.com) Electrical and Electronics Institute (www.thaieei.com) AEDE in Thailand Technical Needs The survey respondents were trained in ISO 14000 series, RoHS substances, and WEEE respectively. They mostly used material examination and used EDX as a tool. The respondents believed that the products produced would be environmental friendly, reliable to customer and business, and qualified by international standards. The environmental requirements would be very useful for cost reduction of energy, waste, and resources. (EEI, 2006)

  34. Eco-Design Activities: Thailand Organization No. of Projects Government MTEC-CTAP 6 NGO Thailand Environment Institute (TEI) 6 University Asian Institute of Technology (AIT) 6 Chiang Mai University (CMU) 8 Chulalongkorn University (CU) 5 The Joint Graduate School of Energy and Environment(JGSEE) 10 Khon Kaen University (KKU) 1 KingMongkot university of Technology (Thonburi) KUTT >3 Kasetsart University (KU) 14 Mahidol University (MU) 1 AEDE Conference: Hotel Silken, Belaymont, Brussels, Dec. 05 / 2006 Mr. Charuek Hengrasmee (charuek@thaieei.com) Electrical and Electronics Institute (www.thaieei.com) LCA & EcoDesign Projects / Activities in Thailand(up to 2005)

  35. Eco-Design Activities: Thailand AEDE Conference: Hotel Silken, Belaymont, Brussels, Dec. 05 / 2006 Mr. Charuek Hengrasmee (charuek@thaieei.com) Electrical and Electronics Institute (www.thaieei.com) CTAP’s LCA / EcoDesign Projects • Life Cycle Assessment of Refrigerator (MTEC & Industrial partner)( 2002 ) • Green Manufacturing Technical Assistance Program (2002-2006)(Technical support from Japan thru Green Aid Plan) • EcoDesign for Electrical and Electronic Equipment effected by WEEE Directive: Case Study of Room Air-conditioner (The Foreign Trade Thailand support thru EEI)( 2003 ) • Database Preparation for EcoDesign: Life Cycle Database of Rotary Compressor (MTEC & KU) ( 2003 ) • Framework & Roadmap Development to Support Green Product & Service in Thailand(MTEC & CU with partial support from TRF) ( 2003 ) • Eco-Compressor(Joint venture project with industrial partner) ( 2004 ) • LCA of Conventional and Bio-degradable Plastic (2004-2005)

  36. Eco-Design Activities: Thailand AEDE Conference: Hotel Silken, Belaymont, Brussels, Dec. 05 / 2006 Mr. Charuek Hengrasmee (charuek@thaieei.com) Electrical and Electronics Institute (www.thaieei.com) Existing Framework & Roadmap for the Development of Green Products and Services in Thailand • Objectives: • To review status of green product / service development in Thailand and in other countries. • To develop framework and roadmap to support and stimulate green products and services in Thailand. • Expected Output/Outcome • Roadmap for the development of green products and national • life cycle inventory (LCI) database • Pathway and procedure to create linkages among government, • industrial, NGO and academic sectors for future co-operations • Main activities, timeframe and responsible organizations for • each activity

  37. Eco-Design Activities: Thailand LANDFILL Precious metal separation 3 PCB IC , DIODE , etc PRODUCTION FLOW CHART 2 PCBA Separation 1 Scrap Delivery AEDE Conference: Hotel Silken, Belaymont, Brussels, Dec. 05 / 2006 Mr. Charuek Hengrasmee (charuek@thaieei.com) Electrical and Electronics Institute (www.thaieei.com) E-Waste Management : Thailand Experience Existing E-waste Management System

  38. Eco-Design Activities: Thailand LANDFILL Precious metal separation 3 PCB IC , DIODE , etc PRODUCTION FLOW CHART 2 PCBA Separation 1 Scrap Delivery AEDE Conference: Hotel Silken, Belaymont, Brussels, Dec. 05 / 2006 Mr. Charuek Hengrasmee (charuek@thaieei.com) Electrical and Electronics Institute (www.thaieei.com) Existing E-waste Management System

  39. Eco-Design Activities: Thailand AEDE Conference: Hotel Silken, Belaymont, Brussels, Dec. 05 / 2006 Mr. Charuek Hengrasmee (charuek@thaieei.com) Electrical and Electronics Institute (www.thaieei.com) Pilot Project : F/L Waste Collectionc

  40. Eco-Design Activities: Thailand AEDE Conference: Hotel Silken, Belaymont, Brussels, Dec. 05 / 2006 Mr. Charuek Hengrasmee (charuek@thaieei.com) Electrical and Electronics Institute (www.thaieei.com) Pilot Project : F/L Waste Collection

  41. Eco-Design Activities: Thailand AEDE Conference: Hotel Silken, Belaymont, Brussels, Dec. 05 / 2006 Mr. Charuek Hengrasmee (charuek@thaieei.com) Electrical and Electronics Institute (www.thaieei.com) Drafted Laws on Promotion of Hazardous WEEE Mgmt. EXCISE DEPT CUSTOM Fee / Tax FUNDING COMMITTEE MFGR. IMPORTER องค์กรปกครองส่วนท้องถิ่น กรุงเทพมหานคร กองทุน เมือง พั ทยา CONSUMERS ส่งเสริม อบจ ./ เทศบาล / อบต . การจัดการ ของเสีย อันตราย เครือข่ายศูนย์รับซื้อคืน COLLECTION CENTER จากผลิตภัณฑ์ ร้านค้า / ร้านซ่อม ร้านรับซื้อของเก่า ที่ใช้แล้ว องค์กรพัฒนาเอกชน มูลนิธิ / ธนาคารขยะ RECYCLER / TREATER ร้านรับคืนขยะรีไซเคิล

More Related