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Controls of Temperature Chapter 17 Notes

-Why Temperature Changes from Place to Place-. LATITUDESEASONSALTITUDE (ELEVATION)TIME OF DAYUrban AreasLAND VS. WATERLOCATION NEAR BODY OF WATER. Controls of Temperature. LATITUDE . Latitude- degrees north and south of the equator. Places near the equator get the most intense rays from s

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Controls of Temperature Chapter 17 Notes

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    1. Controls of Temperature Chapter 17 Notes

    2. -Why Temperature Changes from Place to Place- LATITUDE SEASONS ALTITUDE (ELEVATION) TIME OF DAY Urban Areas LAND VS. WATER LOCATION NEAR BODY OF WATER

    3. LATITUDE Latitude- degrees north and south of the equator. Places near the equator get the most intense rays from sun and thus absorb the most heat.

    4. ALTITUDE (ELEVATION) In the troposphere, temperature decreases with an increase in altitude. Normal lapse rate- 3.5 °F lower for every 1,000 feet you go up.

    5. Near Large body of water So, being near a large body of water prevents temperatures from going to the extremes (very high or very low). Thus, extreme temperatures usually occur a fair distance away from a large body of water.

    6. TIME OF DAY Warmest- early to late afternoon (between 2 and 5 p.m.)because it takes time for the surface to heat up. Coolest- just before dawn (5 a.m.)because it takes time for the surface to cool off.

    7. TIME OF DAY However, weather conditions play a large role as does the season which impacts time of sunrise and sunset. These time of day conditions are the truest under a clear sky with very little wind from midnight to midnight.

    8. The Effects of Clouds Greenhouse warming is enhanced during nights when the sky is overcast. Heat energy from the earth can be trapped by clouds leading to higher temperatures as compared to nights with clear skies. The air is not allowed to cool as much with overcast skies. Under partly cloudy skies, some heat is allowed to escape and some remains trapped. Clear skies allow for the most cooling to take place. Greenhouse warming is enhanced during nights when the sky is overcast. Heat energy from the earth can be trapped by clouds leading to higher temperatures as compared to nights with clear skies. The air is not allowed to cool as much with overcast skies. Under partly cloudy skies, some heat is allowed to escape and some remains trapped. Clear skies allow for the most cooling to take place.

    9. Urban Areas Urban areas are warmer…why?

    10. LAND VS. WATER Earthly surfaces absorb different amounts of energy. Biggest difference is between land and water…why?

    11. LAND VS. WATER Specific heat- the amount of energy needed to raise the temperature of 1 gram of stuff, 1°C.

    12. LAND VS. WATER Land heats up quicker and cools down quicker than water. Water needs more energy to change its temperature than land (specific heat). Water heats up slowly and cools down slowly.

    13. Southern hemisphere has a smaller temperature variation than the Northern hemisphere… Why?

    14. OCEAN CURRENTS AND WIND DIRECTION Windward-when winds blow from ocean to coast. Leeward-when winds blow from coast to ocean.

    15. City Comparison: Why the Difference in Temperature? Rockaway versus Atlantic City Rockaway versus Denver, Colorado Rockaway versus Melbourne, Australia Rockaway versus Miami, Florida Rockaway versus Juneau, Alaska Rockaway versus Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania

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