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Documenting the Realities : The What, Where, How, When, and Who of Bullying

Documenting the Realities : The What, Where, How, When, and Who of Bullying. Jessica Murphy, Fay Lamarra, Elizabeth Navarrete. WHAT IS BULLYING?. Verbal taunts/threats Property damage/theft Written messages Rumor spreading Social exclusion Cyber-bullying Sexual harassment. - VERBAL

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Documenting the Realities : The What, Where, How, When, and Who of Bullying

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  1. Documenting the Realities: The What, Where, How, When, and Who of Bullying Jessica Murphy, Fay Lamarra, Elizabeth Navarrete

  2. WHAT IS BULLYING? • Verbal taunts/threats • Property damage/theft • Written messages • Rumor spreading • Social exclusion • Cyber-bullying • Sexual harassment - VERBAL - PHYSICAL - RELATIONAL

  3. WHAT DOES BULLYING CAUSE? • Psychological effects • Effects on education • Effects on drug and alcohol consumption • School danger increase

  4. HOW OFTEN DOES BULLYING HAPPEN? • Studies give different results • Average of 1 in 3 students have been bullied • 10-15% of youth claim to have been bullied on a regular basis • 23% of elementary school children say they are bullied 1-3 times a month • 2/3rd of teens report that they have been verbally or physically harassed or assaulted

  5. WHERE? • Most bullying occurs at school • Usually in places with little or no adult supervision (such as hallways & playgrounds) • 44% of middle schools reported bullying problems, compared to 20% of elementary & high schools • Bullying increases from elementary school, peaks in middle school, and lowers slightly in high school • Students in grades 8-11 reported that sexual harassment could occur anywhere in school, but mostly in the classroom, hallways, gym, or play area

  6. Students can be targeted by bullies for any perceived or actual trait, such as: • physical appearance & clothing • gender or sexual orientation • race/ethnicity • physical ability • intellectual ability • family's income level • family's religion

  7. WHO? Girls* Boys* usually bully other girls more likely to be perpetrators & targets of physical aggression usually use verbal & relational bullying more likely to sexually bully/harass other students more likely to be targets of sexual bullying/harassment more likely to be called racial/ ethnic insults more likely to be called gender-based insults boys who appear “weak” considered easy targets more likely to report feeling unsafe in school more likely to carry weapons to school girls in middle school who mature early are bullied *studies did not include data for students who might identify as a gender “other” than girl or boy

  8. WHO? Cont. • 10% of middle/high school students have had a hate term used against them • Targets for bullying are usually students with few friends, few social skills, or those who are considered to be outsiders or “different” in some way • Students with ADD or ADHD are more likely to be both bullies & targets • Latino/a students are more likely than white or black students to experience race-based harassment

  9. WHO? Cont. • 7 in 10 students frequently hear “gay” used as an insult to mean stupid, weak, or “uncool” • 19% of boys have been called “gay” by their peers • Students who are openly LGBT report more bullying & harassment • Many are targeted because other students perceive them to be gay, not because they actually are gay • 8 in 10 LGBT students have been harassed in school; 1 in 5 assaulted at school • 1 in 3 LGBT youths have attempted suicide; 4 times higher than the rate for other youths

  10. “Bullying is just a kid thing…they’ll grow out of it” What can all this bullying result in? • although bullying declines slightly in high school, criminal incidents increase • rape, assault with/without a weapon, robbery/theft, vandalism • 60% of boys who persistently bullied others in school had a criminal conviction by age 24 • U.S. Department of Education found that in 3/4ths of student school shootings, the shooter acted out of anger/revenge for being bullied, harassed, or ostracized in school

  11. REACTIONS TO BULLIES • Is this a serious problem? • What do students think of this? • What do teachers think of this? • Bystanders

  12. HOW MUCH DO WE NOT KNOW? • Between 1/3rd & ½ of bullying cases go unreported • Do students report bullying? • Who reports least often? • What is the school’s view? • Gap between teachers knowledge & student’s opinion • Instances of bullying have increased since the 90s, but in reality only the awareness & documentation of bullying has increased

  13. CONCLUSIONS • Where it happens • Who it targets • Results • Psychological • Criminal • Documentation & research

  14. REFERENCES • Orpinas & Horne, Bullying Prevention, 2006 • Murray Thomas, What schools Ban and Why, 2008 • BullyingStatistics.org • U.S. Department of Health and Human Services • How-to-stop-bullying.com • Center for Disease Control’s Youth Risk Behavior Survey • American Association of University Women • U.S. Department of Education • Itgetsbetter.org • Stopbullying.gov • GLSEN, From Teasing to Torment, 2005

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