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Report. Class: Special Topics on Polymers Synthesis. Speaker: C.A. Chen Teacher: G.S Liou 2013.11.15. Introduction of P olymer Solar Cells. Conventional PSCs structure. Ca /Al. Solar spectrum (AM1.5) versus P3HT absorption spectrum (1). Photoactive layer. Advantages of PSCs:

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  1. Report Class: Special Topics on Polymers Synthesis Speaker: C.A. Chen Teacher: G.S Liou 2013.11.15

  2. Introduction ofPolymer Solar Cells Conventional PSCs structure Ca/Al Solar spectrum (AM1.5) versus P3HT absorption spectrum (1) Photoactive layer • Advantages of PSCs: • Easy processing, low cost, low weight • Mechanical flexibility and transparency • Current efficiency of PSCs: • Single junction: 10% (Mitsubishi Chemical) • Multi junction (tandem): 10.6% (UCLA) Hole transport layer (PEDOT:PSS) Transparent electrode (ITO) Bulk hetero junction photoactive layer(2) Ref 1: Boer, Polymer Reviews, 2008 Ref 2: Nano Today, 2010, 5, 231

  3. Principle of Polymer Solar Cell ③ P-type ④ P-type: polymer N-type: PCBM cathode Energy ② ① N-type anode Voc ③ ④ VmaxJmax Jsc • Jsc is influenced by: • 1. Absorption coefficient of materials • 2. Morphology of blends of materials • 3. Charge mobility of materials • Vocis influenced by: • Gap of energy levels of materials ①Exciton generation ②Exciton diffusion* ③Charge separation ④Charge transport FF=(Vmax*Jmax)/(Voc*Jsc) *The distance of exciton diffusion: 5-14nm A. B.Holmes et al, Appl. Phys. Lett., 1996, 68 (22), 3120-3122

  4. LUMO Rational Design of Ideal Polymer LUMO LUMO Energy Donor Acceptor n HOMO HOMO HOMO Donor Acceptor Donor-Acceptor A.J. Heeger et al., Adv. Mater., 2006, 18, 789–794. Low Bandgap Polymer

  5. Synthesize Low Bandgap Polymer Suzuki-coupling Stille-coupling Stille-coupling reaction and Suzuki-coupling reaction are useful for synthesizing alternating low bandgap polymers.

  6. Conclusion Ca/Al Photoactive layer • Ideal polymers need: • Low cost • Easy synthesis • Low bandgap • Suitable HOMO and LUMO • High absorption coefficient • Broad UV-Vis absorption • High hole mobility • High Solubility • Polymer solar cells can reach PCE~15% and be highly stable products in the future. Hole transport layer (PEDOT:PSS) Transparent electrode (ITO)

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