Instructional Leadership: What is it?

1. Instructional Leadership: What is it? Gina Cicco, Cai Lun Jia (Matthew), Michael Johnson, Deidre McVey, Patrick Okafor

2. Introduction to Five Summaries • An Historical Perspective • The Recent Literature • Problem: What is effective instructional leadership? • Explanation of Theory • Research Questions • Hypotheses • Conclusion • References

3. Summaries : An Historical Approach • Bridges, E. (1982). Research on the school administrator: The state-of-the-art, 1967-1980. Educational Administration Quarterly, 18(3), 12-33. • Hallinger, P., & Heck, R.H. (1996). Reassessing the principal’s role in school effectiveness: A review of empirical research, 1980-1995. Educational Administration Quarterly, 32(1), 5-44.

4. Summaries: The Recent Literature • Gaziel, H. (2003). Images of leadership and their effect upon school principal’s performance. International Review of Education, 49(5), 475-486. • Hallinger, P. (2003). Leading educational change: Reflections on the practice of instructional and transformational leadership. Cambridge Journal of Education, 33(3), 329-351.

5. Summaries: The Recent Literature, continued. • Harris, M.H., & Willower, D.J. (1998). Principals’ optimism and perceived school effectiveness. Journal of Education Administration, 36(4), 353-361. • Southworth, G. (2002). Instructional leadership in schools: Reflections and empirical evidence. School Leadership & Management, 22(1), 73-91.

6. Explanation of Theory • Characteristics of Instructional Leaders • Behaviors of Instructional Leaders • Positive Effects of School Leadership • Attitudes of Instructional Leaders • Roles of Instructional Leaders

7. Theory • Effective instructional leaders increase teacher engagement. • Instructional leaders encourage the professional development of teachers.

8. Research Questions • 1. Do instructional leaders increase teacher engagement in schools? • 2. Do instructional leaders encourage teachers to continue their professional development?

9. Hypotheses • 1. Principals who present the qualities of instructional leaders will increase teacher engagement at the secondary school level. • 2. Principals who demonstrate the qualities and behaviors of instructional leaders will encourage the professional development of teachers.

10. Independent and Dependent Variables • H1 and H2 • Independent Variable • Dependent Variable • Constitutive Definition • Operational Definition • Statistical Measure • Positive Correlation Expected Between Independent and Dependent Variables

11. Conclusion • Effective instructional leaders increase teacher engagement. • Effective instructional leaders encourage the continual professional development of teachers. • Measurable? Yes! • References

12. Questions and Comments • Handouts