DHS S&T Mission

2. DHS S&T Mission • Strengthen America’s security and resiliency by providing knowledge products and innovative technology solutions for the Homeland Security Enterprise

3. S&T Goals

5. HOMELAND SECURITY ADVANCED RESEARCH PROJECTS AGENCY • Promote revolutionary changes in technology • Accelerate technology prototyping • Advance the development, testing, and evaluation • Deployment of critical home security technologies

6. Borders and Maritime Security Improve the capability of homeland security personnel to secure the Nation's land, maritime, and air borders • Border Watch • Provide USCG, CBP, ICE, the ability to detect, track, and interdict suspect individuals and vehicles/vessels attempting to cross land or maritime borders • Provide law enforcement officers with tools to enhance their safety and effectiveness • Cargo Security • Provide CBP, TSA, USCG, and the transport industry the ability to secure the global supply chain while minimizing impact on flow of commerce

7. Chemical and Biological Improve the understanding, technologies, and systems necessary to protect against biological and chemical attacks Chemical & Biological • Provide national leadership with risk assessments and analyses associated with chemical and biological agents to be used for evaluating and prioritizing risk management strategies and technology development • Provide law enforcement with tools to support attribution, and analyze and interpret materials recovered following a chemical or biological attack • Provide DHS with the capability to monitor major population centers for chemical and biological threats using fully automated collection, processing and analysis of samples in indoor, outdoor and semi-enclosed facilities • Coordinate and provide government agencies and responders with a decision framework, preparation guidance, decision support tools, detection systems, and laboratory capacity to increase the Nation’s capability to respond to a chemical or biological attack Agriculture • Develop next-generation vaccines and diagnostics to protect the Nation’s agriculture by minimizing infection, transmission, and the economic impact of a natural or intentional introduction of Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus into the United States • Develop and evaluate Foreign animal disease outbreak models to assess effective mitigation strategies to minimize economic loss from and attack on the Nations' agriculture

8. Cyber Security Provide the tools necessary to increase resilience to cyber threats and operational disruptions and the forensic tools to identify perpetrators Cyber Security Research Tools and Techniques • Provide secure facilities and methods for testing cyber security technologies in real-life conditions • Produce scientifically rigorous testing frameworks and methodologies to support national-scale experimentation Information Infrastructure Security • Facilitate the implementation of the President’s National Strategy to Secure Cyberspace • Engage industry, government, and academia to ensure that the core functions of the internet develop securely and benefit all owners, operators, and users • Address economic assessment, risk analysis, and modeling requirements to implement and deploy cyber security technologies Next Generation Technologies • Accelerate transition of new cyber security technologies into commercial products and services for end users including DHS, first responders, critical infrastructure providers, the banking and finance sector, private industry, and government

9. Explosives Improve countermeasure technologies to prevent explosive attacks on people, transportation, critical infrastructure and key assets. Explosives Detection & Mitigation • Provide TSA with high-density cargo screening system that quickly and effectively detects explosive threats in air cargo shipments • Develop for TSA the Next-Generation Checkpoint that speeds and enhances screening of people and carry-on baggage • Develop for TSA the Electronic Baggage Screening Program that speeds and enhances screening of people and checked baggage • Develop for TSA and airline industry a thorough understanding of aircraft vulnerabilities and potential strengthening measures Counter IED • Provide USSS, CBP, TSA, and law enforcement ability to detect Person-Borne and Vehicle-Borne IEDs at 50 meters • Provide bomb squads an integrated set of tools to diagnose, mitigate, and defeat the IED threat at stand-off ranges Research • Greater understanding of the chemistry, contamination signatures, and effects of improvised explosives

10. Human Factors/Behavioral Sciences Social/Behavioral Threat Analysis Enhance the capability of the Department to analyze and counter terrorist motivation, intent, and behavior Improve screening by providing science-based capability to identify unknown threats indicated by deceptive and suspicious behavior Enhance preparedness and mitigate impacts of catastrophic events by delivering capabilities that incorporate social, psychological, and economic aspects of community resilience Human Technology Integration Enhance safety, effectiveness, and usability of technology by systematically incorporating user and pubic input Personal Identification Systems Improve screening by providing science-based capability to identify known threats through accurate, timely, and easy-to-use biometric identification and credentialing validation tools Develop and apply social, behavioral, and physical sciences to improve identification and analysis of threats, enhance societal resilience, and integrate human capabilities into technology development

11. Infrastructure and Geophysical Critical Infrastructure Protection Provide NPPD, TSA, and CI owners/operators with novel materials, design tools, advanced surveillance, and innovative construction methods to protect and increase the resilience of high-priority CI (bridges, tunnels, etc.) Provide NPPD, FEMA, and Energy CI sector with proven designs for recovery transformers to use as temporary replacements during emergencies Preparedness & Response Provide First Responders with tools and equipment to enhance their safety and effectiveness (e.g., ability to accurately locate and track personnel) Provide FEMA and State, local, and tribal Emergency Managers enhanced simulation, training, planning, logistics tracking, and management tools for all hazards Geophysical Provide FEMA with the ability to better predict, prepare, and respond to disasters Improve the Nation’s preparedness for and response to natural and man-made threats through superior situational awareness, enhanced emergency response capabilities, and critical infrastructure (CI) protection

12. SELECTED PROGRAMS

13. FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY - PROPRIETARY INFORMATION Personal Situational Awareness

14. Expand public awareness of Emergency Response Activity Location aware information service Parallel (&complementary) streams of information Investigate commercial state of the art capabilities Build “speak and share” environments Improved communication diagnostics Enable public participation FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY - PROPRIETARY INFORMATION Goals

15. Dispatch driven operations Fat finger and send Queued and proposed by automation Text streams – eg CAP, RSS Feeds, Broadcast Fire Police State/Local Alerts Federal Alerts Speech Streams – Responder Radio, News EMS dispatch communications Radio/Television News FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY - PROPRIETARY INFORMATION Example Sources

16. FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY - PROPRIETARY INFORMATION Architectural Considerations Speech to Text/Wordspoting Audio Text Language Processing Structured Data User Services Geo-coded Alerts Data Management

17. FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY - PROPRIETARY INFORMATION Potential Mobile Products

18. Automatically generated, geo-located alert streams Smart-phone enabled applications Basic Service Expanded Notifications Greater public awareness Influencing behavior & public participation Closed system applications Critical Infrastructure Law Enforcement VIP Protection FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY - PROPRIETARY INFORMATION Examples: Enabled Services

19. Speech2Text – Emergency Responder Channels Generalized Receiver Client/Server Configurations Early interfaces Geo-access to real time alert information Concepts for public feedback Android Phones FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY - PROPRIETARY INFORMATION 6 Month Demonstrations

20. FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY - PROPRIETARY INFORMATION Cell-All Ubiquitous Sensing

21. CELL ALL SUMMARY: Widely distributed system of small chemical and biological agent detectors that provide rapid detection, classification, and notification to decision makers CUSTOMERS: First/Technical Responders, DNDO, HHS, Public WHAT’S NEXT: Cell-All sensor platforms will be evaluated for detection network performance utilizing up to 80 second generation prototypes

22. FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY COMPANY PROPRIETARY INFORMATION Problem • Large, expensive and stationary systems represent state of the art for biological and chemical agent detection • A variety of less expensive handheld systems are available as mobile systems • Geographic coverage is limited to specific areas for each deployment • The sample may not reflect the environment where people are actually located

23. FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY COMPANY PROPRIETARY INFORMATION Cell-All Goals • DHS Goals • AWARENESS – Identify and understand threats, assess vulnerabilities, determine potential impacts, and disseminate timely information to our homeland security partners and the American public. • PREVENTION – Detect, deter, and mitigate threats to our homeland. • PROTECTION – Safeguard our people and their freedoms, critical infrastructure, property, and the economy of our Nation from acts of terrorism, natural disasters, or other emergencies. • HSARPA Goals • Proof of concept technology development and demonstration • Potential for significant gains in technical capability • Ubiquitous computing platform for numerous applications

24. FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY COMPANY PROPRIETARY INFORMATION Technical Approach • Embedded Chemical Sensor Systems within traditional personal communication devices to significantly expand sensor coverage • Sensor sensitivity & selectivity in the environment • Concept Proto-typing for integrated sensing • Sensor performance in a large scale network • Concepts of operation for ubiquitous sensing • Personal device based sensing • Sample Collection • Re-usable sensor with life-times that equal that of the host device • Standard methods for read/report of sensor information • Modeling large scale system characteristics and response

25. FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY COMPANY PROPRIETARY INFORMATION Phase I Prototypes Qualcomm FFA

26. FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY COMPANY PROPRIETARY INFORMATION Phase II Prototypes

27. ChemTag: Personal Chemical Warning Device

28. Chemical Detectors (current)

29. Key Features Needed • Minimize false alarms • Define metrics • Very simple operation • Instant communication between detectors • Small & lightweight • Form factor? • Integration with other equipment? • Affordable • Long life • Easy calibration and bump check • Detects a wide range of chemicals: • 1. Carbon monoxide • 2. Methane • 3. Propane • 4. Ammonia • 5. Chlorine • 6. Freon • 7. Halogenated hydrocarbons • 8. Hydrogen cyanide • 9. Hydrogen • 10. Hydrogen Sulfide • 11. Gasoline (LEL) • 12. Ethanol • 13. Alcohols • 14. Carbon dioxide • 15. Hydrogen Fluoride* • 15. Hydrochloric acid and other acid gases* • 16. Sodium Hydroxide* • 17. Acetone • 18. Benzene • 19. Formaldehyde • 20. MEK • 21. Toluene • 22. Ethylene oxide • 23. Sulfur dioxide • 24. Diesel fuel • 25. Butane • 26. Pepper Spray*/mace/tear gas - very common and dissipates often to undetectable levels prior to arrival leaving us with no solid answer • 27. Nitric Acid • 28. Acrylonitrile • 29. Acrolein • 30. Hydrazine • 31. Methyl Hydrazine • 32. Cyanogen Chloride • 33. Methyl Bromide • 34. Nitro Methane • 35. Nitro Benzene • 36. Nerve agents • 37. Bliister Agents • 38. Chloropicrin

30. New Approaches • Very low power sensor arrays enable new paradigms • Sensors in cell phones • New personal Chem Tags

31. Chem Tag Vision

32. Prototype Key Features • Beta Prototype: • February 2012 • PEL Detection for: • Oxygen • Methane • Hydrogen Cyanide • Carbon Monoxide • Ability to communicate with field colleagues as well as local command centers: • Bluetooth and Wi-Fi (short range) • WAN Technologies (long range) • Low Cost • Approximately $100.00/unit • RAE Systems Collaboration

33. Forensic Camera

34. The Problem • State and Local governments, municipalities and critical infrastructure operators express concern with capability gaps – particularly wrt mass transit • Surveillance systems for mass transit are expensive to purchase, install and maintain • Low cost, blast resistant capabilities are needed to record and understand activities related to terrorist and criminal events • Public demands for privacy must be incorporated into the solution

35. Program History • Traditional Approaches • Unfunded Requirements • SBIR Phase I Engagement • Demonstrated Capability • Declined our forensics application for NASA applications • Government rejected a phase II effort • Government Leverage • MIT LL – Provided a briefing on related Government Technology • DOE STL – Provided a mock up and conceptual design • SECURE Commercialization Effort • RTech • Studied the problem and test markets • Drafted Operational Requirements Document • Operational Requirements Document Posted on the Web • CRADA Agreements with selected industry applicants • Engaged DHS in production of prototypes/products • DHS S&T Test & Evaluation Office – Standards (UL, SAE, …) • Aberdeen Test Center - Blast & Heat Testing • TSA/DoT Volpe – Field Evaluation of LRIP Prototype Units • DHS SECURE Certification • DHS Safety Act Certification

36. Heat Characterizations

37. Blast Testing

38. Summary • HSARPA has been reformulated to include the topical research and development divisions of S&T. • Absorbed the previous C2I division and created a new Cyber division • Created a new partner engagement program to improve the delivery of new capabilities • Emphasis on 18-24 month delivery of knowledge and technology products into the hands of users • Interested in your ideas and capabilities to improve program focus, content and deliverables