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India and the Mughal Empire

India and the Mughal Empire. The Mughal empire was founded by Babur. He was an ethnic mix of Turkic and Mongol and was born in central Asia. He was Muslim With a small army of 12,000 he defeated the Muslims of Northern India and the Hindus of central India. Babur.

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India and the Mughal Empire

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  1. India and the Mughal Empire

  2. The Mughal empire was founded by Babur. He was an ethnic mix of Turkic and Mongol and was born in central Asia. He was Muslim • With a small army of 12,000 he defeated the Muslims of Northern India and the Hindus of central India.

  3. Babur

  4. Neither Babur nor his son Humayan were great administrators. • Babur’s grandson was an administrator and warrior. • Akbar was illiterate, but had others read aloud to him. He was a patron of the arts.

  5. Akbar

  6. Akbar also had a vision of Empire building. • By 1560 he had conquered all of North and Central India. • Akbar ended the separation between Hindus and Muslims.

  7. The Hindu tax was abolished, Hindus were allowed to participate in all levels of government. Intermarriage was encouraged. • Muslims were ordered to respect Hindu traditions, and Hindus were allowed to build temples

  8. Both Hindu and Muslim aristocrats were left in place. They paid tribute, were awarded peasants, and had to maintain a standing army that could be called on by the emperor at any time. • Akbar tried to liberate women from Hindu traditions. Pg 630

  9. Akbar died in 1605 • By his death India had established a thriving trade with the Europeans. It soon became a major source of textiles. • Akbars successors focused on the luxury life, sports, and the fine arts.

  10. Blending Hindu and Muslim architectural styles the successors of Akbar built the Taj Mahal (pg632) • Following Akbars death, the position of women declined. Hindu traditions of Sati, and child marriage grew.

  11. Because of dowries, the birth of a girl was seen as an expense. • The Mughals had relied upon aristocrats and ignored developing a bureaucracy. • The army was outdated and undisciplined.

  12. By the 1700’s later rulers were wasting large amounts of money on conquest. • They were also separating Hindu’s out of government. • This led to aristocratic rebellions, and princes stealing money.

  13. The tax was reinstated on Hindu’s. Many left the government, and there were not enough Muslims to replace them. • By the early 1700’s the Mughal empire was on the verge of collapse and open to foreign invasion from India and Europe.

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