Development of Ukrainian medicine and farmacy in XIII – XX century .

1. DevelopmentofUkrainianmedicineandfarmacyin XIII – XX century. DevelopmentofpharmacyaffairinUkraineinXVIII century.

2. On March 20, 1773 thegovernorofLviv publishedout a healthbilltoputinanorderthegrantofmedicinehelpandworkofpharmacies. A patentforbaded physiciansandchemiststocarryoutprofessionaldutieswithoutthepresenceofuniversitydiplomas. Doctorslostrightstomakemedicationsforpatientsincities, wherepharmacieswere. Oncein a year a revisionwasconductedineverypharmacy. Inthecaseofexposureofviolationsfinewasimposedon a owner

3. A patentobligatedchemiststomakemedicationsonlyforrecipe, signeda doctorandtoratified a medicalcommission. It was forbiddenedalsotoopenincitiesmanypharmaciesinordertoavoid a competition. Thespecialattentionwassparedto the qualityofthepreparedmedications. Inthefirsttime, togetpermissiontoopen a pharmacy, itwasnecessarytogoforanexam, that a competentcommissionaccepted

4. At that time on Ukraine the special pharmacy establishments for preparation of pharmacist did not exist and necessary shots prepared by individual studies in large pharmacies where was from 4 to 6 students. Pharmaceutical education consisted of the 4stages: pharmacy student, helper of pharmacist, pharmacist and chemist. Studies lasted from 6 to 10 years.

5. In 1789 «ChemistRegulation» wasdeveloped, howeverthewere nosinglewordsaidaboutpharmacies, becauseinitsdraftingpharmacistdidnottakeparticipation. Thisdocumentact| tothe beginning of XIX century. On December 23, 1836 new“Regulation”waspublished. It became a basicdocumentwhichregulated workofpharmaciesduring XIX century. In 1789 pharmacy «Rate» wasprintedthefirsttimeonexistentmedicinesandthecostofpreparationofmedicationsismarked (taxalaborum|). On January, 3 1808 a ministerforinternalaffairspublished out a circularorderwhichobligedtheworkersofpharmaciestomarkexacttimeofreceiptofrecipe, andonsignature theexacttimeofmakinganddeliveryofmedications.

6. A pharmacywhichwasopenedasearlyas 1775 by militarypharmacistNatorpwassavedinLviv. In 1988 onthebaseof age-oldpharmacythemuseumoffarmacy was opened. Itisplacedinthe age-oldquarterofLviv (squareMarket).

7. Pharmacieswere differedwith purposeandorganizationalstructure. Therewereroyal, public, circuitous, military, home, homoeopathicpharmaciesand“drogerii” - sonamedpharmacyshopsorshopsofsanitationandhygiene.

8. Pharmacyapartmentsconsistedoftradingfloor, laboratory, financialroom, wherethesuppliesofpreparationsandmedicalrawmaterial were stored, basementandinspectionroom Homepharmacieswerecreatedinsmalltownorin a provinceforthegrantofdoctorshelp. ThedecreeofCourt Office fromNovember 3, 1800 alloweddoctorstohave a homepharmacy, ifintheplacesoftheirdwellinginthedistancemorethan 1 milewasnootherpharmacy.

9. Homoeopathicpreparationswasmadeonlyforrecipeofdoctorandonlyinthosepharmacieswhichhadrightonthis. Doctorswhichusedhomoeopathicfacilitiesinthepracticewerenotin a positiontohave a homepharmacy.

10. DevelopmentofpharmacyaffairinXIX century. In 1873  governmentwasforcedtopublishout «The rules of opening ofpharmacies». Permissiontoopen a pharmacygaveoutgovernor, itwasnecessarytotakeintoaccountthequantityofpopulationandquantityofoperatingpharmacies. So incitiesonepharmacyhad toserve 12 thousandsofpopulationand 30 thousandsofrecipes, in a province — 10 thousandsofpopulationand 15 thousandsofrecipes. Inothersettlementsitwasallowedtoopenpharmaciesinthedistancenolessthan 15 versts.

11. In the west earths, influencing of Poland and Austria showed up on development of pharmacy affair. Pharmacy establishments here differed between itself by it setting and forms of organization. There were presented royal, public, rural, domestic, homoeopathic, military, monasterial pharmacy, “drogerii”. Most widespread on territory of Galichina were public pharmacies.

12. Pragmaticforeignersassisteddevelopmentofpharmaceuticalindustryin Galichina. ItisnecessarytonotetheCzechbusinessmanPeterMikolyasha, whichopenedinLvov a pharmacy «UnderStar». In 1852 yearsat a pharmacy a pharmaceuticallaboratorywasorganized. In a laboratory which wasequippedwith modernequipmenthighlyskilledspecialistsworked, thatallowedalreadyin XIX century producttheissueofmedicinesinlargevolumesandmasterthemarketofsale.

13. Onlyatthebeginningof 1900 yearP. Mikolyashwassucceededtoovercomeallobstaclesandopen a pharmaceuticalfirmwhichwasadoptedinhonourof thefounder «P. MikolyashandCo».In 1910 a pharmaceuticalfactorywhichwassymbolicallynamed «Laokoon»

14. In 1921 a factoryproceedsoutfromunderjurisdictionoffirm «P. MikolyashandCo», andin 1923 becameanindependent joint-stockcompanythecapitalofwhichmades up to115 thousandszlotich. Thefactoryof «Laokoon» consistedofsuchdepartments as: organic, galenic,patentpreparations, medicalplantsandreagents. 100–137 workersworkedon a factoryin theperiodofthelargestproductivityofenterprise (1931–1938). In 1939 thefactoryof «Laokoon» got a patentandpreparedeverythingfortheproductionofinsulin.

15. From 1957- Lvovchempharmaceutical factory.Bythegeneralreconstructionoffactoryin1970 yearsof XX century wascompleteditsstageasthemodern highly-mechanized specializedpowerfulpharmaceuticalenterprise, onthebaseofwhichin 1993 the joint-stockcompanyof «Galichfarm» wascreated.

16. HistoryofdevelopmentofmedicineandfarmacyofUkrainein XX century. In the threshold of First world war 468 thousand citizens of Kyiv in the case of necessity could appeal after medications to services of 43 pharmacies, 146 pharmacy storages, chemist and perfume shops. The “Southwestern union of pharmacist”, “Pharmaceutical beneficiary association of Kyiv” and “Association of chemists of Kyiv” operated in town.

17. On the territory of Ukraine in 1911 there were only 873 pharmacies (530 rural and 343 in cities). In 1913 year the quantity of pharmacies was evened to 1067 (714 rural and 353 in cities).

18. In 1918 a decree was signed about nationalization of pharmacies In the period from 1949 to 1963 the pharmacy network of Ukraine grew on 1314 pharmacies, in that number in cities – 954 and in rural locality – 360. On beginning of 1990 year - 6500 pharmacies.

19. I.Horbachevsky was born on May, 15 1854 in the village called Zarubyntsi in family of priest. Studied in Ternopil' hymnasium|.Graduated off the medical faculty of the Viennese university.

20. Thefirstscientificlaboursof I.Horbachevskyconcernmainlyorganicandphysiologychemistry. Heoneofthefirstwho had selectedaminoacid. Firstintheworldsynthesizedurinaryacidfromanurea (in 1882) andaminoacidsfromglicin.

21. TheteachingofstudentsintheTernopilmedicalinstitutebeganonSeptember, 1 1957. On January, 30 1997 an institutegotstatusofmedicalacademyby thedecisionofCabinetof Ministers of Ukraine, andfrom 2004 – medicaluniversity.

22. In 1992 by thedecisionofCabinetof Ministers of Ukraineto the TSMI wasappropriated thenameofacademicIvanGorbachevsky.