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Christian Life in Dark Ages (pgs. 103-105)

Christian Life in Dark Ages (pgs. 103-105). God was in control A world of Good and Evil Church at the center of life activities Standard Mass by 500 CE. ITE MISSA EST! Latin official language. Local lang. existed but… Veneration of Saints. Each church had its saint

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Christian Life in Dark Ages (pgs. 103-105)

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  1. Christian Life in Dark Ages (pgs. 103-105) • God was in control • A world of Good and Evil • Church at the center of life activities • Standard Mass by 500 CE. • ITE MISSA EST! • Latin official language. Local lang. existed but… • Veneration of Saints • Each church had its saint • Between 500-700 CE requirements for priests are standarized…

  2. Eastern Roman Empire (106) • Strong Emperors rule the Eastern Roman Empire (Often these Emperors were influenced by Arianism) • Have considerable power over the Eastern Church • Appointing Bishops • Calling Councils • Directly involved in theological disputes and church policies • Encouraged missionaries to convert Barbarians

  3. Justinian (108-110) • He rules Byzantine Empire from 527-565 • Develops “Justinian’s Code.” Recodifies all laws within the Empire and this becomes basis for some of Modern European Law • His code reflects Christian values • Usury-taking of interest on a loan was forbidden to Christians. • He persecutes the Jews • They were forbidden to own land • Needed work that provided a living—often involved in specialized crafts (goldsmiths and gem stone cutters) • Some took up loaning money for interest, esp. to nobles and landlords. • He rebuilds Hagia Sophia (Holy Wisdom)

  4. Chieftains (106-108) • Theodoric –King of a Gothic tribe. Takes control of Italy. • Clovis-King of the Franks and takes control of some of France. He forces those he conquers to be Christians. • Chieftains convert to Christianity and their people follow. Often thousands of people would be baptized with little or no preparation. • Christendom becomes the predominat organizational and cultural force • The Church grew but was politically tied to the Chieftains.

  5. St. Patrick (111-112) • Lived from 389-461 • Roman Background • Educated • Captured and enslaved in Ireland • Learns the Celtic Language and customs (later on 1st to write Celtic Language) • Escapes back to England and becomes a monk in Gaul • Patrick encourages the establishment of monasteries throughout Ireland. • These monasteries have huge libraries with many manuscripts called illuminations • Irish monasteries spread to England, Scotland, France, Italy, • St. Patrick is said to be buried at Downpatrick in Northern Ireland

  6. St. Brigid (112-114) • Born of a woman slave of her father. (453-?) • Sold to a DRUID • Known for her many good deeds • Refuses to marry man selected by her father. • She and 7 females take vows and set-up monastery.(13,000) • Set-up Kildare.

  7. St. Benedict (114) • Well educated in Rome • Becomes a hermit • Establishes MONTE CASSINO • Writes the Rule of St. Benedict based on the idea of ora et labora • They teach the monks and nuns to read • Both do evangelization with Goths and Romans. Many convert. • CHAPTER XLOf the Quantity of Drink • "Every one hath his proper gift from God, one after this manner and another after that" (1 Cor 7:7). It is with some hesitation, therefore, that we determine the measure of nourishment for others. However, making allowance for the weakness of the infirm, we think one hemina of wine a day is sufficient for each one. But to whom God granteth the endurance of abstinence, let them know that they will have their special reward. If the circumstances of the place, or the work, or the summer's heat should require more, let that depend on the judgment of the Superior, who must above all things see to it, that excess or drunkenness do not creep in. • Although we read that wine is not at all proper for monks, yet, because monks in our times cannot be persuaded of this, let us agree to this, at least, that we do not drink to satiety, but sparingly; because "wine maketh even wise men fall off" (Sir 19:2). But where the poverty of the place will not permit the aforesaid measure to be had, but much less, or none at all, let those who live there bless God and murmur not. This we charge above all things, that they live without murmuring.

  8. Popes on the Up and Up (117-120) • St. Greg the Great (540-604) appointed Prefect of Rome • Governor ; Chief of Police; and Chief Justice • Maintained Rome and large portion of Southern Italy • Father dies so he resigns position and gives it all away to become a monk. • After living the monastic life, the Pope asks him to go to Const. to inform Emperor about Rome. • Rome hit with a flood and Pope dies. Greg elected in 590. • Works at educating those interested in priesthood, repairs the city, writes many letters to Churches, sets up churches to provide welfare for impoverished citizens, and organizes the written record of music and structure of the Church year. • Takes this title: “servant of the servants of God”

  9. Islam (121-122) • Muhammad (570-632) • Develops the Koran • Taught that Islam (submission to God) must be spread everywhere to praise Allah. • Arab warriors spread Islam to the Eastern Mediterranean, North Africa, and Spain. • Taxed Infidels-Those who did not follow Islam. • In 732 the Muslims are stopped at Tours by Charles Martel (the Hammer) • Islam Contributed much to the West • Libraries containing Greek letters • Add to knowledge of Math, Science, Medicine, Art and Architecture.

  10. A point of reference.How did these events impact the relationship between Islam and Christianity today?

  11. Chapter 7 BeginsBoniface (126-127) Bede (127) • Apostle to the Germans • Wandering Bishop • Constant work of Conversion • 675-754 • Bendeicitine monk • He wrote “The History of the English Church and People.” This is an early history of England and is still used today. • Called the Venerable Bede. • 672-735

  12. Church and State Entanglement (128-129) • Pepin and the Papal States • Cooperative relationship between Church and State • Pepin drives out Lombards. • Gives this conquered land to the Pope (Donation of Pepin,756) • These lands are called PAPAL STATES • Ruled by Pope • Remain until 1870s

  13. Charlemange-A New Roman Empire (129-132) • 742-812 • Conquers the Saxons, Germans, and other tribes. Forces them to convert. • Leo III crowns him “Emperor of the Romans” (Christmas, 800) • He often tells Leo what to do. • Is in conflict with the Emperor in Constantinople. • Pushes for the adoption of Latin liturgy. • This conflict complicates the relationship between the Church, East and West. • He appoints educated men to position of power, often priests, monks, and bishops. • Education is important to him. • He appoints bishops and abbots in an attempt to educate the native clergy. • Empire breaks up shortly after his death.

  14. The New Holy Roman Empire http://trialx.com/curetalk/wp-content/blogs.dir/7/files/2011/05/cities/Aachen-3.jpg

  15. Do you know? • Dark Ages • Feudalism • Christendom • Christian Life in Dark Ages • What year was Mass standarized? • Ite missa est? • Requirments for priests? • Eastern Roman Empire? • Justinian • Cheiftains • Clovis and Theodoric • St. Patrick • St. Brigid • St. Benedict • St. Gregory the Great • Islam • Boniface and Bede • Papal States • Pepin the Short • Charlemagne

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