We are Not Alone Ms. Potter’s Principle of Health Science

1. We are Not AloneMs. Potter’s Principle of Health Science

2. Introduction: They are in the air we breathe . . . In our food . . . On our skin . . .

3. -on everything we touch.

4. They are . . .

5. microorganisms

6. What are microorganisms? (also called microbes)

7. Microbes are small living plantsor animals most of which are not visible to the naked eye. Some microbes cause disease or infection. Many microbes are “good” organisms that help keep balance in the environment and the body.

8. What microbes lack in size, they make up in number. On the average human, there are about 100 trillion microbes.

9. Good vs. Bad Microorganisms: Microorganisms that cause disease (germs) are referred to as pathogens. Yeah, I’m bad.

10. Microorganisms that are harmless or beneficial are called nonpathogens.

11. Most microbes are considered beneficial or harmless. 87% beneficial organisms 10% Pathogens 3% opportunists

12. The role of good microorganisms Marine & freshwater microbes form the basis of the food chain in oceans, lakes, and rivers.

13. Soil microbes help break down wastes.

14. Humans and other animals depend on bacteria in their intestines for digestion and synthesis of vitamins including: vitamin B (for metabolism) vitamin K (for blood clotting)

15. Microorganisms have many commercial applications They are used in synthesis of chemical products such as: acetone alcohol enzymes organic acids many drugs

16. They are used in the food industry for producing: pickles cheese vinegar alcoholic beverages greenolives bread yogurt

17. Microorganisms • Aerobic organisms: • Anaerobic organisms: • Most microorganisms prefer warm, dark environments

18. Main Classes of Pathogenic Organisms: • Bacteria • simple one-celled organisms • At home within “climate” of human body • compose largest group of pathogens • Fungi: yeasts & molds • Plant-like organisms that live on dead organic matter • Grow best in dark, damp places

19. 3) Viruses - smallest microbes • acellular particles (not a complete cell) • 4)Protozoa • one-celled animals often found in decayed materials & contaminated water • 5) Helminths • parasitic worms • caused by larval & egg infestations

20. Bacterial Infections

21. Impetigo highly contagious bacterial infection

22. Extensive case of impetigo on underarm of baby.

23. Fetal Tetanus (note severe muscle contractions) Due to toxin production as a result of bacterial infection.

24. Diphtheria Note swelling in neck

25. Diphtheria membrane

26. Cellulitis An acute bacterial inflammation of connective tissue.

27. Lyme's Disease hallmark “bulls-eye” lesion

28. Tiny deer tick vector that transmits lymes disease.

29. Fungal Infections

30. Candidiasis: Oral Thrush

31. Oral Thrush: tongue

32. Candidiasis of Skin Typical red, slightly most lesions.

33. Nail Fungus

34. Black Hairy Tongue

35. Cutaneous Fungal Infection: Tinea Versicolor Note: hypopigmented fungal lesions

36. Cutaneous Fungal Infection: Ringworm

37. Cutaneous Blastomycosis: Hand & Wrist

38. Subcutaneous Blastomycosis: Manifested by subcutaneous abscesses in upper chest

39. Chromomycosis Deep fungal infection with granulomatous lesions.

40. Viruses

41. Viral Infection: Verruca Vulgaris (Wart)

42. Herpes Type I: Oral Herpes

43. More Oral Herpes healing stage

44. Neonatal Herpes Premature infant born with classic “cigarette burn” pattern of HSV infection.

45. Poliomyelitis (also called infantile paralysis) Note: deformed right leg

46. Iron Lung: used by polio victims

47. Varicella (Chickenpox with oral involvement)

48. Measles (rubeola) Rash usually begins on face and spreads to trunk and extremities.

49. Mumps: Note edema to cheeks and neck

50. Viral Hepatitis Severely distended abdomen (ascites). Secondary complication from hepatitis.