Unit 2 Reading

1. Unit 2 Reading

2. I Lead-in There are many great navigators in the world of history. Do you know them? What made them famous?

3. Abel Tasman In Holland Columbus In Spain James Cook In England ZhengHe In China

4. The greatest navigator in the Ming Dynasty in China. He successfully sailed to over 39 countries such as Vietnam, Indonesia, and Iran. His voyages were 80 years earlier than Columbus’s discovery of New Continent and 100 years before Magellan’s circumnavigation. Zheng He

5. Map of the World

6. 1. Why did those navigators take great efforts and risk their lives to explore those unknown worlds? Pre-reading: • For truth • For wealth

7. 2. What is the famous road by which ancient Chinese merchants did business with other countries? Pre-reading: • The Silk Road

8. What do you know about the Silk Road?

9. Silk road began from_________ along the Hexi Corridor and then to ________ _________ and ________ in exchange for spices and silk. Chang’An Middle east India Rome

10. Skimming: • What’s the foundation of mankind’s • greatest endeavour? • 2. What kinds of civilizations did Africa have contacts with from the earliest times? trade and curiosity India, the Red Sea civilizations

11. Fast Reading The text is mainly about _____. A how the Silk Road was formed B how China developed trading relations with Arabic countries C Zheng He’s exploration across the Indian Ocean D the history of China’s opening to the outside world

12. Fast Reading The text focuses on Chinese relationship with _____. A Indians B Arabians C Africans D Europeans

13. Detail Reading Who were(was) the earliest explorer(s) of the western ocean? A. Marco Polo B. Christopher Columbus C. European explorers D. Brave merchants

14. Detail Reading In order to reach out across the ocean, How many times did China make contacts with Africans . A Five B Three C Four D Six

15. Main idea of each paragraph Paragraph 1: Trade and curiosity have often formed the foundation for mankind’s greatest endeavor. Paragraph 2: Silk from China found its way over land along the Silk Road to other places. Paragraph 3: The Swahili kingdoms and the islands off the African coast developed into the world’s trading center. Paragraph 4: The Arabic contacts to the African coast led to the next meeting between black people and a Chinese.

16. Main idea of each paragraph Paragraph 5:In the 11th C., the Africans made several voyages to the court of the Song Dynasty. Paragraph 6: The contacts between China and Africa had led to the awareness of each other’s existence. Paragraph 7: Under the command of Zheng He, the fleets set sail to discover the eastern coast of Africa. Paragraph 8: Zheng He renewed relations with the kingdoms of the East African coast. Paragraph 9: After 1433, the exploration by Zheng He was stopped.

17. Fast reading Q1:Who were the real explorers long before? Q2: How many Chinese explorers are mentioned in the text? Q3:What is the main idea of the whole passage? Brave merchants Three Chinese explorers. They are Gan Ying, Du Huan , Zheng He . It talks about Chinese explorations, especially the contacts between China and Africa.

18. Careful Reading 4. The contacts between which area led to the meeting between black people and a Chinese? 5. Between the Han and early the Tang Dynasty, which part of Africa developed into the world trade centre? the Arabic, contact to, the African coast Swahili kingdoms, islands off the African coast

19. Careful Reading 6. Who led the seven large fleets sailed westwards between 1405 and 1433? 7. Which century was the right time for a grand meeting between China and Africa? Zheng He by the beginning of the fifteenth century

20. Careful Reading 8. In the eleventh century, who made several voyages to the court of the Song Dynasty? 9. Which kingdoms did Zheng He renew relations with? 10. When did the exploration of the Ming Dynasty stop? the Africans the kingdoms of the East African coast 1433

21. Put the sentences in good order. 1. In the eleventh century, the Africans made several voyages to the court of the song dynasty. 2. Merchants from the Arabic countries began to travel to the Swahili kingdom and the islands off the African coast to trade with them. 3. People of the Han Dynasty exchanged silk for spices and glass with Indians and Romans by way of the Silk Road. 4. The Chinese traveller, Du Huan, wandered through Arabic countries for about 10 years. 5. Christopher Columbus and other European explorers searched for routes to Asia. 6. Zheng He made seven voyages and discovered the eastern coast of Africa. 3 – 2 – 4 – 1 – 6 - 5

22. Paragraph 1 • form the foundation for • inspire sb. to do • search for • be puzzled about/over • 形成人们努力（探索世界）的基础 • 鼓舞某人做某事 • 寻找 • 对…感到迷惑

23. Paragraph 2 • 众所周知 • (与…)交换 • 与…有联系 • (偶然)遇到 • It is well known that … • in exchange for…(with…) • have contact with • meet with

24. Paragraph 3 • 发展成为世界贸易中心 • 坐落在非洲海岸的王国和岛屿 • develop into the world’s trading centre • the kingdoms and the islands off the African coast

25. Paragraph 4 be taken prisoner ( take sb.prisoner) give information on wander through • 被抓, 被俘虏 • 提供有关…的信 息 • 流浪，闲逛

26. 拓展到，伸出到 文化遗迹 追溯到 铜像 reach out to cultural relics date from (=date back to) bronze statues Paragraph 5

27. 意识到彼此的存在 正式往来的时机成熟了。 到达了繁盛时期 中国的新朝代开始繁荣了。 Paragraph 6 the awareness of each other’s existence The time was ripe for a grand meeting. reach the height of power China prospered under a new dynasty.

28. Paragraph 7 • treasure fleets • sail westwards on voyages of exploration • under the command of • 商船队 • 下西洋从事探险 • 在……的领导之下

29. Paragraph 7 起航 红海海口 set sail (to / from / for) the mouth of the Red Sea

30. Paragraph 8 • 和…重新确立关系 • 送某人贵重礼物 • 送信 • 设立使馆 • 作为回报 • renew relations with • send sb. a royal present • send a message to sb. • open embassies • in return

31. Post-reading: Find information in the text about contacts between China and other places and fill in the blanks .

32. India, the Middle East , Rome Chinese merchants Silk road spices, glass rhinoceros horns the East Rome Empire Gan Ying Over land Han Dynasty China Du Huan By boat Dang Dynasty A bronze statue of a lion China the Africans By boat Song Dynasty giraffes,zebras, shells, elephant ivory… By fleet Africa Zhenghe Ming Dynasty

33. rhinoceros rhinoceros horn spice ivory zebra shell giraffe

34. Judge the following sentences True or False. 1. The Europeans were the first Explorers to travel to other countries. 2. Accurate maps of the countries around the Indian Ocean were made before the fifteenth century. 3. In the years between 1405 and 1433 , Zheng He sailed westwards only on voyages of exploration. 4. Zheng He invited African countries to send ambassadors to China. F ( ) F ( ) ( ) F T ( )

35. Language points

36. 1. …and other European explorers to search for sea routes to the distant,…However, long before that brave..(para1) n. in search of sb / sth in a / the / one’s search for v. search sb.for sth. search (a place) for sb./sth. search for sb./sth. He went to Brazil ___________a better life. I have been ___________the same kind of shoes as these. in search of searching for

37. C ①.Many policemen and soldiers are ___ the forest ___ the prisoner escaping from prison. A.searching for; searching B.searching; searching C.searching; in search of D.in search for; searching for ②.The policemen are searching ___every house ___the thief. A.for; for B .of ; of C. /; for D. of ; for C

38. long before / before long 1）There was a lively market long before. 2）Before long you will understand what I said is good for you. 3）I had waited him long before he came. （ a long time ago很久以前） （不久=soon） （在他回来之前我已等他很久）

39. 4)It won’t be long before you see him again. 5)It was long before they escaped from the prison. 不久你就会看到他了. 过了很久，他们才从监狱逃跑出来 It be + a period of time + before +… 过了很久…才.. • It ___long before we ___the result of the • experiment. • will not be ; will know B. is ; will know • C. will not be;know D. is ; know C

40. 3. Silk from China found its way over land along the Silk Road to India, the Middle East and Rome, in exchange for spices and glass. find one’s way (to): (设法)找到(去…)的途径 • 1) I hope you can ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ home. • 2) She couldn’t out of the building. find your way find

41. in exchange for exchange A for B exchange sth with sb exchange gifts with each other (v.) 1. 彼此交换礼物: 2.与…调换位置: exchange seats with … (v. ) 3.He exchanged the red pencil for a blue one. 4.女孩给了他一些花生用来交换糖果. The girl gave him some peanuts in exchange for some sweets.

42. 4.He escaped, and after a long journey wandering through Arabic countries, he returned….. A. move around without any special purpose 游荡，闲逛 wander through the countryside B. (of a road or river ) following a winding path or course 蜿 蜒 The river wanders through the beautiful country. C. (of one’s mind) be inattentive, confused走神，胡思乱想 He realized his audience’s attention was beginning to wander.

43. 5. date from = date back to =have existed since 这座城堡建于14世纪。 This castle dates from the 14th century. 6. the will to use it against one’s will 违背某人的意愿 at will 随意， 任意 with a will 乐意的，愿意的 Where there is a will, there is a way.

44. 7.in return I bought him a drink in return for his help. I hope I can be of some service to you in return.

45. 8. He escaped, and after a long journey wandering through Arabic countries, he returned….. The wonderful gift and the contact with the black court so exited China’s curiosity about African that Zhenghe sent a message to the king and to other African states, inviting them to send ambassadors and open embassies in the new Ming capital, Beijing.

46. 他默默地坐在那里，什么也没做。 He sat there in silence, __________________ 她呆在家里，又擦又洗。 She stayed at home, _____________________ doing nothing. cleaning and washing.

47. find its way, in exchange for, lead to, date from, set sail, in return, prosper, take prisoner, develop into, trade with • The fleet _____________ other countries and gained a lot of wealth. • Since the foreigner came, we have been giving her Chinese lessons _______________her teaching us English. • Under new management, the business is __________. • He could not ______________ out of the forest. • All the temples here ___________ the Song Dynasty. traded with in exchange for prospering find his way date from

48. find its way, in exchange for, lead to, date from, set sail, in return, prosper, take prisoner, develop into, trade with 6. They __________ for France at high tide. 7. I bought him a drink ___________ his help. 8. When he was captured by the enemy, he ____________________until the end of the war. 9. The argument _________________ a bitter quarrel. 10. An old saying goes “ All roads_________ Rome”. set sail in return for was taken prisoner developed into lead to

49. Exercise 5 Paraphrasing: The Africans were reaching out to China. → The Africans came to China by sea.

50. The time was ripe. → In the Ming Dynasty both China and the East African countries became very prosperous, and there came the great needs for state-to-state contact.