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Power Plant Construction and QA/QC Section 1.4– Nuclear Energy

This section provides an introduction to nuclear energy, its purpose in various fields, the fission process, reactor types, fuel processing, fuel reprocessing, and the future of nuclear fusion. It also explores the questions associated with nuclear energy.

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Power Plant Construction and QA/QC Section 1.4– Nuclear Energy

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  1. Engineering Technology Division Power Plant Construction and QA/QC Section 1.4– Nuclear Energy

  2. Section 1.4– Nuclear Energy Overview • Introduction • Purpose • Fission Process • Current Reactor Types • Uranium Fuel Processing • Nuclear Fuel Reprocessing • Future - Nuclear Fusion

  3. Section 1.4– Nuclear Energy Purpose of Nuclear Energy First Purpose was for Nuclear Medicine - 1941

  4. Section 1.4– Nuclear Energy Purpose of Nuclear Energy Second Purpose was for weapons – used 1945

  5. Section 1.4– Nuclear Energy Purpose of Nuclear Energy Third Purpose was for Electrical Generation – 5/60

  6. Section 1.4– Nuclear Energy Fission Process Forced vs. Natural 5 6 Fast Slow 7 1 Heat 4 Slow 2 3 Fast Decay 10 • Thermal Neutron generated from fission or decay • Thermal Neutron absorbed by 92U235 or 93Pu239 • Compound (or excited) 92U235 or 93Pu239 • Atom splits creating two fragments – mass conversion to energy. • Fast neutron produced. • Fast neutron has thermalized • Thermal Neutron absorbed by 92U235 or 93Pu239 • Fission fragment decays • First excited daughter decays • Fast neutron produced • Fast neutron absorbed by 92U238 8 11 10 Slow 9

  7. Section 1.4– Nuclear Energy Reactor Types • PWR – Light Water – US - Westinghouse, Framatome • PWR – Heavy Water – CANDU - Canada • BWR – Light Water – US - GE, Toshiba • RBMK – Light Water Graphite – Soviet Union (now Russia) • GCR – Gas Cooled Reactor – England • LMFBR – Liquid Metal (Sodium) Breeder – United States • LMFBR – Liquid Metal (Lead) Breeder – Soviet Union (Russia) • MSRE – Molten Salt – Spain – Operation, US - Testing • PBR – Pebble Bed – US Lead Design • Natural Reactor – Oklo mine in Gabon, West Africa • Fission Reactor – The Sun

  8. Section 1.4– Nuclear Energy Fuel Processing - US Uranium Locations

  9. Section 1.4– Nuclear Energy Fuel Processing - Overview

  10. Section 1.4– Nuclear Energy Fuel Processing – End product Uranium Oxide (Yellow Cake) • Each Pellet • 2.5 tons of Wood • 1 ton of Coal • 17,000 cubic feet of Natural Gas • 3 barrels of Oil (42 gallons each)

  11. Section 1.4– Nuclear Energy Fuel Processing – Packaging

  12. Section 1.4– Nuclear Energy Fuel Reprocessing

  13. Section 1.4– Nuclear Energy Future Nuclear - Fusion Tritium + Deuterium = Helium + Neutron 3.016 + 2.014 Fusion 4.003 + 1.000 + Energy 5.030 = 5.003 + Energy (.027 amu)

  14. Section 1.4– Nuclear Energy Questions?

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