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Introduction to Spanish-American War

Introduction to Spanish-American War. “A Splendid Little War” John Hay, Secretary of State, 1898. Background:. Who?. Spain vs. America . Where?. Cuba. China. Philippines. Background:. USA. Cuba. The Philippines. Why?. Help give freedom to Spain’s colonies!.

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Introduction to Spanish-American War

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  1. Introduction to Spanish-American War “A Splendid Little War” John Hay, Secretary of State, 1898

  2. Background: • Who? • Spain vs. America Where? Cuba China Philippines

  3. Background: USA Cuba The Philippines

  4. Why? • Help give freedom to Spain’s colonies!

  5. Spain’s Reconcentration Policy What? • Spain was fighting a guerilla war and needed to separate “good” from “bad guys • Civilians were forced into government run camps (with bad conditions) Why? How did it lead to war? • Made Spain look bad in American eyes

  6. American Economic Interests What? • Protecting their economic interests • Many of Cuba’s sugar plantations were owned by Americans Why? How did it lead to war? • Made Americans more likely to help out Cuba

  7. “Yellow Journalists” What? • Make more $ if they keep you scared and interested • Newspaper created highly exaggerated stories Why? How did it lead to war? • Made Americans want war!

  8. “Yellow Journalism” “You furnish the pictures, I’ll furnish the war William Randolph Hearst Frederic Remington’s Disrobing Propaganda

  9. Slide Analysis: Judge Cartoon

  10. deLome was the Spanish foreign minister • Wrote a private letter to the US calling McKinley a weak president and a common politician • Letter was stolen and leaked to the New York Journal and it was printed. • DeLome resigned as a result. (TR called him a white livered cur with no more backbone than a chocolate éclair.) • Result of this is tremendous anger of the American people toward the Spanish The DeLome Letter

  11. Sinking of the Maine in Havana Harbor What? • USS Maine explodes in Havana, Cuba Harbor, • Most Americans believe it was Spain’s fault • 1976 US Navy analyzed the sunken ship, decided that the hull blew OUT not IN How did it lead to war? • Spark that started the war • “Remember the Maine! “ • Gave Wilson the leverage he needed to go to Congress and ask them to declare war on Spain

  12. New York Journal Headline Does this paper use any of the techniques that would make it seem like propaganda? What is the motive behind the wording they use?

  13. Philippines • Wanted to annex it as a refueling stop on the way to China and other far east markets • After we rid the islands of the Spanish we took them over. • Filipino natives resisted but were put down and we controlled the islands until 1946. • Anti-Imperialist League was formed in the US to protest the annexation because they were capable of ruling themselves.

  14. Manila Bay • What Happened at Manila Bay? • Surprise naval attack sunk the crumbling Spanish Navy • Made Americans feel very superior

  15. Slide Analysis: Headline of the Maine Explosion • Maine Explosion Caused by Bomb or Torpedo?2/17/1898 New York World

  16. Rough Riders • Who were the Rough Riders? Who was their leader? • Teddy Roosevelt resigns as AsstSecretary of the Navy to lead a “Cowboy Calvary” • Teddy’s popularity from this leads to his becoming Gov. of Ny, Vice President, and President

  17. Rough Riders • What famous Battle did they participate in? • San Juan Hill • African Americans also helped but get no credit

  18. Results • US defeats Spain & becomes a world power • Teddy Roosevelt elected Vice President in 1900 and becomes President in 1901 when McKinley is shot • US must decide what to do about Spain’s former colonies (Phillipines, Puerto Rico, and Cuba)

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