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Please sit together in pairs: Mike A. and Joe Serruto Barney and Yiran Thomas and Steve T.

Arielle and Grant Mikhail and Evan Valerie and Rebecca Kevin and Katherine Ally and Joe Sebek Matt M. and Quanbiao Morgan and Charlie Laura and Lu Lauren and Ashkan Mikey O. and Naichen Hannah and Dale Jim and Disha Nick and Efrain Ben and Da Nik and Heran. Please sit together

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Please sit together in pairs: Mike A. and Joe Serruto Barney and Yiran Thomas and Steve T.

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  1. Arielle and Grant • Mikhail and Evan • Valerie and Rebecca • Kevin and Katherine • Ally and Joe Sebek • Matt M. and Quanbiao • Morgan and Charlie • Laura and Lu • Lauren and Ashkan • Mikey O. and Naichen • Hannah and Dale • Jim and Disha • Nick and Efrain • Ben and Da • Nik and Heran • Please sit together in pairs: • Mike A. and Joe Serruto • Barney and Yiran • Thomas and Steve T. • Glenn and Joey B. • Ann and Johnny • Meaghan and Stephen H. • Korey and Qihan • Will and Nicole • Michael W. and Ed • Zach and Zhenmin • Casey and Taehoon • Audrey and Shenheng • Lisette and Matt R. • Erica and Andrea Phys 150 Lecture 10

  2. Announcements • Exam 1 is Thursday, October 4, in class. Multiple choice and written-answer questions (like homework). Exam covers Chapters 1-5. • Practice Exam is posted on the web page. • There is no reading assignment for next week and no Quiz on Tuesday, October 2. • Homework 5 is due on Monday, October 1, at midnight. Phys 150 Lecture 10

  3. i>clicker question A thermonuclear bomb (H bomb) may contain • Deuterium and Tritium • Deuterium and Lithium • 238U • All of the above Phys 150 Lecture 10

  4. i>clicker question A thermonuclear bomb (H bomb) may contain • Deuterium and Tritium – D + T  He + n + Energy • Deuterium and Lithium – n + Li  T +He • 238U – Surrounds the bomb to increase the yield • All of the above • D = 2H = pn • T = 3H = pnn - H bomb ignited by a fission (239Pu) bomb Phys 150 Lecture 10

  5. i>clicker question The 238U bomb that destroyed Hiroshima had a yield of 13 kilotons of TNT equivalent. The largest thermonuclear bomb (H bomb) ever tested had a yield of • 50 kilotons • 500 kilotons • 5 Megatons • 50 Megatons Phys 150 Lecture 10

  6. i>clicker question The 238U bomb that destroyed Hiroshima had a yield of 13 kilotons of TNT equivalent. The largest thermonuclear bomb (H bomb) ever tested had a yield of • 50 kilotons • 500 kilotons • 5 Megatons • 50 Megatons Enewetak Atoll Tsar Bomba 1961 Phys 150 Lecture 10

  7. Nuclear Reactors and Bombs • Chain reaction • n + 235U  2 fission fragments + 2 n + Energy • Basic reaction for a nuclear bomb or a nuclear reactor • Bomb: explosive chain reaction • Reactor: controlled chain reaction Phys 150 Lecture 10

  8. i>clicker question 235U is more likely to fission when it is hit with • a slow neutron • a fast neutron • deuterium • tritium Phys 150 Lecture 10

  9. i>clicker question 235U is more likely to fission when it is hit with • a slow neutron • a fast neutron • deuterium • tritium - A slow neutron is easier to absorb to make 236U, which then fissions spontaneously Phys 150 Lecture 10

  10. i>clicker question A neutron released from 235U fission is fast. To slow it down in a nuclear reactor, we use • 238U • a control rod • a moderator • All of the above Phys 150 Lecture 10

  11. i>clicker question A neutron released from 235U fission is fast. To slow it down in a nuclear reactor, we use • 238U – absorbs neutrons • a control rod – absorbs neutrons • a moderator –slows neutrons –H2O, D2O, C • All of the above Phys 150 Lecture 10

  12. i>clicker question Uranium enriched to 3% 235U is enough to sustain a controlled chain reaction because • you only need one neutron to sustain the reaction • slow neutrons are preferentially absorbed on 238U • of the control rods • the enriched Uranium has more energy Phys 150 Lecture 10

  13. i>clicker question Uranium enriched to 3% 235U is enough to sustain a controlled chain reaction because • you only need one neutron to sustain the reaction – don’t want doubling! • slow neutrons are preferentially absorbed on 238U – actually, on 235U • of the control rods • the enriched Uranium has more energy Phys 150 Lecture 10

  14. i>clicker question A Uranium-based nuclear reactor cannot explode like a nuclear bomb because • there is not enough fuel • if the fuel heats up, the chain reaction stops • of the control rods • All of the above Phys 150 Lecture 10

  15. i>clicker question A Uranium-based nuclear reactor cannot explode like a nuclear bomb because • there is not enough fuel • if the fuel heats up, the chain reaction stops - fission depends on slow neutrons • of the control rods • All of the above Cooling towers Containment building Phys 150 Lecture 10

  16. i>clicker question In one year, a Gigawatt nuclear power plant consumes about • 1 cubic foot of 235U • 10 cubic yards of 235U • 100 cubic yards of 235U • 1000 cubic yards of 235U Phys 150 Lecture 10

  17. i>clicker question In one year, a Gigawatt nuclear power plant consumes about • 1 cubic foot of 235U≈ 1 cubic yard of 3% enriched Uranium • 10 cubic yards of 235U • 100 cubic yards of 235U • 1000 cubic yards of 235U Phys 150 Lecture 10

  18. i>clicker question Uranium reprocessing refers to • the enrichment of Uranium • the recycling of 238U • the recycling of 235U • the production of 239Pu Phys 150 Lecture 10

  19. i>clicker question Uranium reprocessing refers to • the enrichment of Uranium • the recycling of 238U • the recycling of 235U • the production of 239Pu:n + 238U  239U β 239Np β Breeder reactor • 239Pu Phys 150 Lecture 10

  20. i>clicker question Depleted Uranium • is not radioactive • is a very soft metal • is mostly 238U • All of the above Phys 150 Lecture 10

  21. i>clicker question Depleted Uranium • is not radioactive – about ½ as much • is a very soft metal – used for artillery shells • is mostly 238U - it’s depleted of 235U • All of the above Phys 150 Lecture 10

  22. i>clicker question The Candu reactor in Canada • uses Beryllium control rods • uses natural Uranium as fuel • uses Lithium as a moderator • uses Helium as a coolant Phys 150 Lecture 10

  23. i>clicker question The Candu reactor in Canada • uses Beryllium control rods • uses natural Uranium as fuel • uses Lithium as a moderator – D2O • uses Helium as a coolant - D2O (heavy water) is a better moderator than ordinary water, so you don’t need to enrich the Uranium Phys 150 Lecture 10

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