STC 383 KNOWLEDGE & TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER AND ADOPTION aka: Knowledge, Innovation &Technology Transfer, Diffusio

1. STC 383KNOWLEDGE & TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER AND ADOPTIONaka: Knowledge, Innovation &Technology Transfer, Diffusion and Adoption Theory and Practice

2. STC 383 Session 1 Agenda • Detailed Introduction to STC 383 • Definitions of KTT • Introduction to Modeling • Discussion of R&D as a precursor to KTT and of Sourcing R&D for innovation initiatives. • 2 Breaks ~ 2:45 and 4:15

3. STC 383 Teaching Team • Dr. David Gibson, Director, Research Programs, Fellow, IC2; MSSTC Faculty; world traveler, boating and lighthouses, practices yoga, dancing and music, plays the guitar, and dear pet, Helen • Ms. Meg Wilson, IC2 Fellow; MSSTC Faculty, globe traveler, weaver, gardener, gourmet cook. Perfect spouse, Fred Chriswell. • Darius Mahdjoubi, UT Austin Ph.D. Candidate, (Topic: Atlas of Innovation). P.E. ; MSSTC TA Member, Association of Professional Engineers Ontario. Hobbies: Travel, Swimming, Mountain Climbing, Classic Music, Cartography.

4. Course Overview STC 383 will introduce you to • state-of-the-art theory and practice on knowledge and technology transfer (KTT) and adoption, • focused on transfer and adoption of knowledge & technology across organizational boundaries, • including business, academia, and government at regional, national, and international levels of analysis.

5. Course Overview STC 383 will introduce • established and innovative models; • concepts and best practices of innovation and knowledge management; • organization behavior; • governmental policies; and • communication theory as all pertain to knowledge & technology transfer, adoption, and diffusion.

6. Course Overview Course efforts will focus on analyzing the barriers, challenges, facilitators and metrics on knowledge/technology transfer and adoption through: • Intrapreneurship, entrepreneurship, spin-outs and spin-ins. • Industry, government, and academic organizations including R&D consortia, national labs and university research centers • Regional and global implications of knowledge/technology transfer and application in the digital age

7. STC 383 Sessions # 1: Overview & Introduction to R&D (Wilson) # 2: KTT Modeling: Critical Success Factors (Gibson) # 3: KTT and Marco Issues: The Context of Innovation (Gibson) # 4: Innovation Policies: Public and Private (Wilson)

8. STC 383 Sessions # 5: KTT Support Structures: Incubators and Benchmarking (Wilson & Gibson) # 6: KTT and Global Perspectives (Gibson) # 7: University Research Commercialization Processes (Wilson) # 8: Consortial And National Laboratory Commercialization Processes (Wilson) # 9: Indirect Policies’ Affect on KTT and Course Wrap-up (Wilson)

9. Overall Class Participation (including Blackboard discussions& critiques, chats, teamwork, and other contributions to class success) Critique of Readings #1 Critique of Readings #2 Individual KTT Model Team KTT Model Analysis of Direct Government Policy Ideal Path Analysis Final KTT Model 15% 7% 8% 10% 15% 15% 15% 15% Assignments and Grading

10. Assignments and Due Dates • Individual KTT Model June 24 • Critique of Readings # July 8 • Team KTT Model July 11 • Analysis of Direct Government Policy* Aug 22 • Critique of Readings #2 Aug 28 • Ideal Path Analysis Sept 16 • Final KTT Model Sept 16

11. First Assigment Looming... • Individual KTT Model: This model should be developed as a power point or word document, identifying key elements of your own work or professional experience with a KTT effort and should include a brief ranked list of barriers, challenges and facilitators.

12. Housekeeping • Syllabus: READ IT & Use It • Filenames: crucial • Team assignments: STC383 [team name] [assignment name]. Example: STC383 GroupW final KTT model • Individual assignments: STC383 [last name] [assignment name]. Example: STC383 Wilson Individual KTT model

13. Housekeeping • Filenames: Use em! • Evaluations: Do em! • Assignments: Email em! • New Info: Post em! • Questions: Ask em! • Suggestions: Make em! • Late Assignment (points)*: Lose em!

14. Keys to Class Success • Active Participation – in class and online • Active blackboard use for class integration • Sharing knowledge and experiences • Creative Modeling • Knowledge Integration

15. Integrated Courses • The courses of MSSTC are integrated: They are interwoven to elucidate the deep and broad concept of “commercialization of technological innovation.” • The courses of MSSTC - unlike conventional academic programs such as MBA or MS - are not parallel courses with substantial overlaps and holes. How might we model this difference?

16. Elective Elective BA384T BA385T BA381T BA380N BA386T BA380S MIS380N Elective Elective Elective Elective Elective Elective Elective Elective Elective Elective Elective Total: 20 courses, 4 semesters (2 years) MBA Courses

17. STC386T2 STC383 STC386T1 STC382 STC391 STC385 STC380 STC394C STC384 STC381 STC396 STC395 Total: 12 courses, 3 Trimesters (1 year) MSSTC Courses 1st Trimester 2st Trimester 3st Trimester TEAMS TEAMS TEAMS

18. MSSTC Students Need to be able to: • become familiar with the integrated process of commercialization of technological innovation. • analyze and develop “models” to explore, explain and organize the integrated process of commercialization of technological innovation. • work in team-organization that are needed for the integrated process. • analyze “cases” proper for the integrated process.

19. You Need to be able to: • develop strategies that nurture the integrated process of technology commercialization and share and integrate this vision in internal reports (strategies). • develop, as external reports (business plans) that let you acquire the support needed for the development of a technology commercialization. • develop presentations (elevator pitch, VC presentation) to secure the financial and administrative support needed for the development of a technology commercialization.

20. Models and Integration • Developing shared views is essential for the team- members to transcend geographic zones, professional backgrounds and modes of learning and to follow the path of integrate courses. • Proper models play a key role in creating and developing shared views and in sustaining the integration inside teams, companies, courses, etc!

21. Modeling Fundamentals Models can show: • Actors, stakeholders, key players • Actions, reactions, process flows • Timing & Relationships between and among actors, factors and actions.

22. The Commercialization Process Source: Vijay Jolly. Commercializing New Technologies

23. 5. Demonstrate contextually in products and processes Jolly’s Model of Technology Commercialization Sub-Processes: Building the Value of a New Technology Venture Analysis Tech Assessment Business Plan 3. Incubate to define Commercializability 1.Imagine the dual (techno-market) insight 9. Sustain commercialization 2. Mobilize Interest and endorse-ment 8. Mobilize complimentary assets for delivery 4. Mobilize resource for Demo 6. Mobilize market constituents 7. Promote adoption Bridges: Mobilizing the Stakeholders Source: Jolly, Vijay. 1997. From Mind to Market.

24. A Global Challenge Education Mechanisms Creativity Innovation T2 Metrics Processes Industry Government

25. Two Basic Forms of Technology Transfer to Commercial Applications private sector federal labs universities consortia private sector federal labs universities consortia 1 process application R&D/Mfg. Marketing/Sales corporate labs ROI 2 start-upcompany spin-out technologies technologyincubator

26. What do we mean by all of this… • What do you think knowledge is? • What do you think innovation is? • What do you think R&D is? • What do you think technology is?

27. Darius’ View of Knowledge, Innovation and Technology Technological Innovation INNOVATION Market Innovation KNOWLEDGE Organizational Innovation TECHNOLOGY Creativity and Human Innovation

28. Components of Knowledge?(Webster& Leif Edvinsson and Michael S. Malone, Intellectual Capital, 1997) Data Information • factual information used as a basis for reasoning,and calculation • the communication or reception of knowledge or intelligence • knowledge obtained from investigation, study, or instruction • intelligence, news

29. Definitions/Concepts to Think About and to Discuss Knowledge • the fact or condition of knowing something with familiarity gained through experience or association • acquaintance or understanding of science, art, or technique • the fact or condition of being aware of something

30. Views on Innovation and Knowledge Innovation is the ability to build on previous knowledge and generate new knowledge. Leif Edvinnson Successful innovation depends on converting knowledge flows into goods and services. Debra Amidon Knowledge creation is the key source of innovation in any company. George von Krogh

31. Definitions/Concepts to Think About and to Discuss Technology • technical language • applied science • a technical method of achieving a practical purpose • totality of the means employed to provide objects necessary for human sustenance and comfort

32. Human Capital The combined knowledge, skill, innovativeness, and ability of the company’s individual employees to meet the task at hand - including company values, culture, philosophy. Human capital cannot be owned by the company “Wetware”/tacit knowledge/intangibles/ know-how

33. Structural Capital The hardware, software, databases, organizational structure, patents, trademarks, and everything else of organizational capability that supports employee productivity; Customer capital and relationships Everything left in the office when the employees go home (unlike Human Capital) can be owned and traded Codified knowledge.

34. Intellectual Capital Human brainpower, brand names, intellectual property that is protected, trademarks, Assets often/traditionally valued as zero on the balance sheet Human + Structural = Intellectual Capital Capital Capital (Leif Edvinsson and Michael S. Malone, Intellectual Capital, 1997)

35. CODIFIED (Software) TACIT (Human capital or wetware) The Knowledge-Based Economy KNOWLEDGE • books • discs • goods • talent • skills • know-how

36. Technology Transfer the adoption of knowledge (commercialization and processes) A (the?) new source of wealth is information/knowledge applied to work to create value Walter Wriston, The Twilight of Sovereignty, 1992

37. Technology Transfer: Was & Is ? • Prime the R&D pump. • Over the wall. • Part of a serial process (linear, sequential, ordered). • Involves a deliverable product—the more fully formed the better. • Expert to user—technology marketing. • Trickle out over time.

38. Technology Transfer Perspectives Joint Venture Technology Integration Product Launch R&D Prototype Development Investment of Time and Resources Product Licensing IP Protection Seminars, workshops, conferences Trade shows, Invention Fairs Most Passive Most Active Information Transfer Knowledge Capture and Protection Application Development Commercialization “Productization”

39. Technology Transfer: Commercialization Utilization Deployment Application The Adoption of Knowledge Other Relevant Labels • Management of Innovation • Diffusion of Innovation • Management of Technology • Knowledge Management

40. Technology Transfer Definitions... "The business transactions or processes, such as patent licenses or start-up companies, by which innovations are moved from one place (such as a university), development stage or application to another place (such as a company) for a commercial purpose. (We include defense conversion as a special case under this definition.)” Michael Odza, Celebrating ten years of assisting tech transfer professionals via Technology Access Report and Intellectual Property Advice (for researchers)

41. Another Definition... "Technology transfer - the dissemination of all the information necessary so that one party may duplicate the work of another party. The information is of two types, technical (engineering, scientific, standards) and the second is procedural (legal, non-disclosure agreements, patent rights, licensing).” Andy Gluck

42. Another Technology transfer is an umbrella term that encompasses the range of processes from most passive to most active: info transfer (what universities do so well); intellectual property protection (allows for legal transfers); technology development; lassoing resources; technology integration; and technology adoption through to the sale of new or innovative products or processes based on a new application of scientific knowledge or technology (and increasingly on innovative business structures). Meg Wilson on former Pax Website

43. and…. Technology Transfer: The range of processes, from knowledge transfer to product or process commercialization, that facilitate the development and adoption of knowledge and technology. Meg Wilson on former Pax Website

44. Perspectives on R&DPublic & Private

45. Basic research is what I am doing when I don’t know what I am doing… • Werner Von Braun

46. Perpetual Tension... • Vannevar Bush believed that “Basic research leads to new knowledge. It provides scientific capital. It creates the fund from which the practical applications of knowledge must be drawn…” • He also cited a “perverse law” that “applied research invariably drives out the pure”. * * Lost at the Frontier, US Science and Technology Policy Adrift, Deborah Shapley & Rustum Roy, ISI Press, 1985, pgs 14 – 15.

47. Science Policy Foundation and Features Source: Lost at the Frontier: U.S. Science and Technology Policy Adrift, Deborah Shapley/ Rustum Roy TechnologicalFruit Tree ContemporaryBasic ScienceFloweringTree Applied Science and Engineering $ $ $ $ $ $ Skilled Labor On the ShelfScience Regional Planning Instrumentation Venture Capital Public Support

48. R&D Definitions • Basic Research Objective: • Government/Academic: “to gain more comprehensive knowledge or understanding of the subject under study, without specific applications in mind • Private Sector: “research that advances scientific knowledge but does not have specific immediate commercial objectives…may be in fields of …commercial interest.

49. R&D Definitions • Applied Research • General: Gaining “the knowledge or understanding to meet a specific, recognized need”. • In Industry: “includes investigations oriented to discovering new scientific knowledge that has specific commercial objectives with respect to products, processes, or services”

50. R&D Definitions • Development • “the systematic use of the knowledge or understanding gained from research directed toward the production of useful materials, devices, systems, or methods, including the design and development of prototypes and processes”.