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Two-way Coupled SPH and Particle Level Set Fluid Simulation

Two-way Coupled SPH and Particle Level Set Fluid Simulation. Frank Losasso, Jerry O. Talton, Nipun Kwatra, Ron Fedkiw. Abstract. Adaptive methods (e.g. RLE, octrees) 에서 상세한 시뮬레이션을 시도 하였음 본 논문에서는 Particle 을 이용 하여 격자 이상의 상세 시뮬레이션을 하고자 함 Two-way coupled simulation

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Two-way Coupled SPH and Particle Level Set Fluid Simulation

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  1. Two-way Coupled SPH and Particle Level Set Fluid Simulation Frank Losasso, Jerry O. Talton, Nipun Kwatra, Ron Fedkiw

  2. Abstract • Adaptive methods (e.g. RLE, octrees) 에서 상세한 시뮬레이션을 시도 하였음 • 본 논문에서는 Particle을 이용 하여 격자 이상의 상세 시뮬레이션을 하고자 함 • Two-way coupled simulation • Smoothed particle hydrodynamics (SPH) method • Grid 기반 시뮬레이션을 Coupling • Spray 같은 확산 현상을 Particle 로 표현 • Particle Level-set과 융합하여 밀집한 부분의 SPH 볼륨 보정

  3. INTRODUCTION • 최근 영화에서 spray, foam, bubbles 같은 2차적 효과를 다루고자 함 • Incompressible한 영역은 Grid 기반이 다루기 적절 • Spray, foam은 SPH 방법이 확산의 특징을 나타내기 쉬움 • 본 논문은 dense 한 부분과 diffuse 한 부분을 모두 다루는 SPH 기법을 제안 • Particle Level-set method + SPH

  4. INTRODUCTION (Con’t) • Particle 시스템은 CG 분야에서 자주 등장 • Navier-Stokes equations에 SPH를 적용하여 물을 시뮬레이션 함 [11,12,13,14] • 음파를 시뮬레이션 하기도 함 [15] • 불과 같은 압축성 유체를 시뮬레이션 하기도 함[19] • Grid 기반 유체 시뮬레이션에서 Particle사용 • Particle 사용하여 유체경계를 정확히 트렉킹[20] • FEM에서도 Spray를 보이기 위해 particle 사용 • Particle 사용에는 장단점이 있음 (Vortex particle Method 장점 부각)

  5. PREVIOUS WORK • EOS(equation of state) based SPH • Ex) lava flows, simulate water • Ex) melting solids, Solid fluid coupling…. • incompressible flow difficult to simulate • Grid based methods • solves a global Poisson equation • impressive simulations of liquids

  6. PARTICLE LEVEL SET METHOD • Use the inviscid form of the Navier-Stokes equations

  7. Second-order unconditionally stable MacCormack method • Standard first-order accurate semi Lagrangian method

  8. we compute a scaled pressure to make the velocity field divergence free

  9. Density targeting ( SPH method ) • To predicated on an EOS : target density of the fluid J. Morris, P. Fox, and Y. Zhu, “Modeling low reynolds number incompressible flows using SPH,”

  10. Density targeting (MPS) • Solving a Poisson equation that targeted the desired number density of particles • Solving a Poisson equation for the pressure, targeting the removal of any divergence in the intermediate velocity field exactly as in grid-based methods

  11. Density targeting (MPS) • First solve a Poisson equation for pressure to obtain a divergence free velocity field. • Then, in order to target the desired particle number density. • The second Poisson solve will force particles from the higher density region to the lower density region as desired

  12. The equation for conservation of mass

  13. The divergence of both sides of equation • Material derivative : Lagrangian advection

  14. To approximate

  15. 시간에 대한 적분으로 바꾸면, T 를 구해서 쉽게 계산 가능

  16. DIFFUSE SPH • Particle Slip (Diffuse) • 파티클이 퍼져나가는 것 • Theinfluence at a point x • Kernel 에 의해 파티클이 영향을 미치는 범위 계산 c is a normalization constant

  17. Simulation Flow • Apply gravity to the particles. • Compute cell and face weights (particle number densities) • Rasterize weighted particle velocities onto the faces • Calculate the target divergence for each cell (Poisson equation) • Update the grid-based velocity field using equation (Advect) • Grid to particle velocity (FLIP method) • Particle slip • S as the particle number density at the particle’s position divided by the global incompressibility target density.

  18. ONE-WAYCOUPLING • Removednegative particles • 유체 경계에서 멀리 떨어진 파티클을 Removednegative particle로 하고 시뮬레이션 • 파티클이 희소한 부분에서 One-way Coupling • Particle Slip 과정에서 One-way Coupling이 이루어짐

  19. 위 : Reomovednegative particle 사용 아래 : 본 논문의 SPH solver를 사용하여 Volume 보정

  20. TWO-WAYCOUPLING • 파티클이 밀집한 부분에서 Tow-way coupling 필요 • 기존 연구에서 유체 경계면의 속도는 extrapolation 한 속도를 사용함 • 유체 경계 주변의 파티클이 밀집할 경우 파티클의 속도를 사용 • Extrapolation 한 격자 속도와 SPH 기반의 속도 중 선택 사용

  21. Representation • 파티클이 밀집할 경우, Level-set 값을 재구성할 필요성이 있음 • 기존의 Particle Level-set 보정 방법을 이용.

  22. 파티클을 심고, 밀집한 영역의 Level-set 재생성

  23. 4 processor Opteron machines • 30 seconds and 3 minutes per frame • 32 particles per cell • 120×240×120 grid

  24. CONCLUSIONS • To enforce incompressibility target arbitrary particle number densities • With a single Poisson solve • Two-way couple SPH solver with particle level set method

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