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Cabling

Cabling. UTP AND FIBER CABLING. Cabling. Structured Cabling Infrastructure. Mounted and permanent Allows patching Comfort that infrastructure is OK Components: Information Outlet with Face Plate Patch Panel UTP Cable Patch Cord. Cabling. Fiber Optic Cabling Infrastructure.

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Cabling

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  1. Cabling UTP AND FIBER CABLING

  2. Cabling Structured Cabling Infrastructure • Mounted and permanent • Allows patching • Comfort that infrastructure is OK • Components: • Information Outlet with Face Plate • Patch Panel • UTP Cable • Patch Cord

  3. Cabling Fiber Optic Cabling Infrastructure • Components: • Fiber Cable • Fiber Pigtail • Fiber Connectors • LIU • Coupler • Fiber Patch Cord

  4. Cabling Fiber Optic Installation – Outside Plant

  5. QUESTIONS?

  6. Campus Networks Campus LAN Technology Options • Ethernet • Fast Ethernet • Gigabit Ethernet • 10 Gig Ethernet • WLAN

  7. Campus Network Campus Network Architecture Server Farm Firewall Router Backbone Switch Internet Distribution Switch Access Switch

  8. Campus Network Campus Network Architecture • Uses Three Tier Switching Architecture (Popularly known as Cisco’s Switching Architecture) • Backbone Switch • Layer 3/4 Chassis based switch • Multiple 100Fx or 1000SX/LX or 10GLX/LH ports for connectivity to Distribution switches • Multiple 10/100/1000 ports for connectivity to Servers • Distribution Switch • Layer 2/3 Managed Fixed configuration switch • 1/2 100Fx or 1000Sx/Lx or 10GLX/LH ports for connectivity to the Backbone switch • Multiple 10/100 or 10/100/1000 ports for connectivity to the Access switches • Access Switch • Layer2 Managed/Unmanaged Fixed configuration switch • Multiple 10/100 or 10/100/1000 ports for desktop connectivity

  9. LAN Technologies 802.11 Wireless LAN • Provides network connectivity over wireless media • An Access Point (AP) is installed to act as Bridge between Wireless and Wired Network • The AP is connected to wired network and is equipped with antennae to provide wireless connectivity Desktop with PCI 802.11 LAN card Network connectivity to the legacy wired LAN Access Point Laptop with PCMCIA 802.11 LAN card

  10. LAN Technologies 802.11 Wireless LAN • Range ( Distance between Access Point and WLAN client) depends on structural hindrances and RF gain of the antenna at the Access Point • To service larger areas, multiple APs may be installed with a 20-30% overlap • A client is always associated with one AP and when the client moves closer to another AP, it associates with the new AP (Hand-Off) • Four flavors: • 802.11b • 802.11a • 802.11g • 802.11n

  11. QUESTIONS?

  12. MAN Technologies Residential Networks: Dial-up • Uses POTS (Plain Old Telephone System) • Provides a low cost need based access. • Bandwidth 33.6 /56 Kbps. • On the Customer End: Modem is connected to a Telephone Line • On the Service Provider End: Remote Access Server (RAS) is connected to Telephone Lines (33.6 Kbps connectivity) or E1/R2 Line (56 Kbps connectivity) • RAS provide dialin connectivity, authentication and metering. • Achievable bandwidth depends on the line quality. RAS

  13. MAN Technologies Residential Networks: DSL • Digital Subscriber Line (DSL) uses the Ordinary Telephone line and is an always-on technology. This means there is no need to dial up each time to connect to the Internet. • Because DSL is highly dependent upon noise levels, a subscriber cannot be any more than 5.5 kilometers (2-3 miles) from the DSL Exchange • Service can be symmetric, in which downstream and upstream speeds are identical, or asymmetric in which downstream speed is faster than upstream speed. • DSL comes in several varieties: • Asymmetric DSL (ADSL) • High Data Rate DSL (HDSL) • Symmetric DSL (SDSL) • Very High Data Rate DSL (VDSL)

  14. MAN Technologies Residential Broadband: ADSL

  15. MAN Technologies Residential Broadband: Mobile Wireless • Use CDMA (128 Kbps) or GSM GPRS (384 Kbps) Mobile Wireless or 3G (2 Mbps)

  16. Enterprise Network Enterprise WAN Network

  17. Enterprise Network Enterprise WAN Network

  18. Enterprise Network Enterprise WAN Network Server Farm Corporate Head Office Branch Office Service Provider Network Branch Office All the locations are connected through a Service Provider Network over MPLS Backbone Branch Office

  19. QUESTIONS?

  20. TCP/IP Model TCP/IP Model Application Layer Application programs using the network Transport Layer (TCP/UDP) Management of end-to-end message transmission, error detection and error correction Network Layer (IP) Handling of datagrams : routing and congestion Data Link Layer Management of cost effective and reliable data delivery, access to physical networks Physical Layer Physical Media

  21. Internet Protocol IP as a Routed Protocol • IP is a connectionless, unreliable, best-effort delivery protocol. • IP accepts whatever data is passed down to it from the upper layers and forwards the data in the form of IP Packets. • All the nodes are identified using an IP address. • Packets are delivered from the source to the destination using IP address

  22. Internet Protocol Packet Propagation

  23. Internet Protocol IP Address • IP address is for the INTERFACE of a host. Multiple interfaces mean multiple IP addresses, i.e., routers. • 32 bit IP address in dotted-decimal notationfor ease of reading, i.e., 193.140.195.66 • Address 0.0.0.0, 127.0.0.1 and 255.255.255.255 carries special meaning. • IP address is divided into a network number and a host number. • Also bits in Network or Host Address cannot be all 0 or 1.

  24. Internet Protocol IP Configuration of an Interface Static DHCP

  25. Internet Protocol IPv6 • Internet Protocol Version 4 is the most popular protocol in use today, although there are some questions about its capability to serve the Internet community much longer. • IPv4 was finished in the 1970s and has started to show its age. • The main issue surrounding IPv4 is addressing—or, the lack of addressing—because many experts believe that we are nearly out of the four billion addresses available in IPv4. • Although this seems like a very large number of addresses, multiple large blocks are given to government agencies and large organizations. • IPv6 could be the solution to many problems posed by IPv4

  26. Internet Protocol IPv6 • IPv6 uses 128 bit address instead of 32 bit address. • The IPv6 addresses are being distributed and are supposed to be used based on geographical location.

  27. TCP/UDP TCP/UDP • Transport Layer Protocol • TCP is connection Oriented (uses checksum and acknowledgment) • UDP is Connectionless • Both use the concept of Connection Port Number (16 Bit Source Port Number and Destination Port Number) • Standard Applications have standard Port Numbers (Email 25, Telnet 23, FTP 20 & 21, SSH 22)

  28. QUESTIONS?

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