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Personal variation in language learning

Personal variation in language learning. 2. Personality factors. The affective domain. Receiving-tolerating Responding-committing Valuing Organisation of values Developing an individual value system Schuman (1997-1999): amygdala Learning = emotionally motivated activity. Aspects.

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Personal variation in language learning

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  1. Personal variation in language learning 2. Personality factors

  2. The affective domain • Receiving-tolerating • Responding-committing • Valuing • Organisation of values • Developing an individual value system Schuman (1997-1999): amygdala Learning = emotionally motivated activity

  3. Aspects • Self-esteem • Inhibition • Risk-taking • Anxiety • Extroversion • Motivation

  4. Self-esteem • „a personal judgement of worthiness” (Coopersmith, 1967) • Types: global situational or specific task-related • MacIntyre, Dörnyei, Clément & Noels (1998): direct + relation to „willingness to communicate”

  5. Inhibition • Self-defence mechanism to protect ego • Language ego (Guiora, 1972, Ehrman, 1996) • Guiora et. Al. (1972)- the alcohol test ?? Effect on muscular tension • Guiora et.al. (1980)- the Valium test ?? Significant tester effect

  6. Stevick (1976) alienation between • Critical me and performing me • L1 culture and L2 culture • Self and other learners • Self and teacher • Ehrman (1999): thick and thin egos in SLL tolerance of mistakes

  7. Risk-taking • Relation to inhibition and ambiguity tolerance • Moderate risk-taking correlates with language learning success accurate guesses based on skill • Low-risk takers=avoidance • High-risk takers=wild guesses

  8. Anxiety • Types (Oxford, 1999) • Trait • State • Language anxitey (MacIntyre & Gardner, 1989) - communication apprehension • fear of negative social evaluation • text anxiety • Debilitative and facilitative anxiety

  9. Extroversion Sociable, talkative Western ideal Need to receive ego-enhancement, self-esteen from others Introversion Quiet, reserved Derive a sense of wholeness and fulfillment independent of others Inner strength Extroversion

  10. Motivation • Behaviouristic view - anticipation of reward - desire for positive reinforcement - external, individual forces in control

  11. Cognitive view - Degree of effort expended - Internal, individual forces in control - Driven by basic human needs • Exploration • Manipulation • Activity • Stimulation • Knowledge • Ego enhancement

  12. Constructivist view • Social context • Community • Social status and group security • Internal, interactive forces in control

  13. Types • Integrative • Instrumental • Intrinsic • Extrinsic

  14. Extroversion Sensing Thinking Judging Introversion Intuition Feeling Perceiving Myers-Briggs character types

  15. Measuring affective factors • Problems - accuracy of self-perceptions - self-flattery syndrome - culturally ethnocentric, not transferrable • Solutions - variety of methods and instruments - validating

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