In the name of GOD the c ompassionate the merciful

1. In the name of GOD the compassionate the merciful An overview of Pahn_Azmoon • A Distributed Evaluation Educational Prototype Ardavan Majidi • Payam`E Noor University • Computer Management • majidi@pnu.ac.ir • www.pnu.ac.ir/~majidi ‏2001

2. Content 1- Introduction To CBE 2- Distributed Educational Systems 3- Distributed Evaluation Systems : The Concepts 4- Pahn_Azmoon : The Architecture 5- Pahn_Azmoon : An Overview 6- Conclusion

3. 1- Introduction to CBE

4. Computers in Education • Computers are used in near all of human works. • Can they also used for training and education? • We know yes! They can very useful. • But how much they used seriously? • Slight and in margin! Unfortunately! • Why? • The answer has many aspects. But one is need to a suitable infrastructure. • We want to talk about infrastructure. • Let see first, what is the levels of using the computers in education.

5. From CAI to CBE Computer Aided Instruction Using The computer for instruction and help Computer Aided Learning Using The computer for self – learning CBE CAE CAL CAI CAT Computer Aided Teaching Using The computer for Teaching, (Presentation and Evaluation) by teachers Computer Aided Education Contain CAI,CAT,CAL aspects plus Education organizational works Computer Based Education When CAE system is the main tool and it is pivot of educational process

6. An Importance role of CBE: in front of Fast evolution • We live in era of fast evolution! • Our • Environment • Tools • …. And even concepts are quickly changes before we able to adapt. • And education also! • In other hand education is very important to our fast adaptation with this fast evolution. • If …. Our education has this ability! • CBE & CAE plays important role to give this ability to education and lead us to Next Era of Education!

7. In Next Era of Education: Not only we will used new methods and tools in education, But also the shape of works and concepts of : • Education • Student • Grade • License • Work • Classroom • Educational organization • Organization of education • And so on Will be changed!

8. How CBE play this role? New Organization of Education • When we are in a fast-evolutionary environment, • And when we want to adapt with it, • What we should do? • In first we should organize! • And of course in shape of a new fast reaction organization! • CBE & CAE infrastructure have important role in this type of organization.

9. What is the CAE and CBE infrastructure needs? The Environment and tools for : • Sharing educational resources • Presentation of course contents • Courseware construction • Evaluation • Evaluation design and construction • Organizational and official works • And …. We want to pay these two aspects now!

10. 2- Distributed Educational Systems

11. What is the key specification of new organization of education? • Simplicity • Generality • Integrity • Geographic Expandability • Structural Expandability • Collaborative • Self organized These may satisfied with word : Distribution.

12. Why Distribution? • Different people are in different places. • Different people has different specifications, interests & aptitude. • Different sources are in different places. • We need the educated people in variety of several fields. • There are many problems to convene suitable people (course designers, teachers, students) and suitable resources for education of a specific field, in a place. So, We should organized the education for those people and fields fast, in any time & any where.

13. Courseware design Evaluating Learning Educational planning Collaborating Teaching Distributed Education

14. 3- Distributed Evaluation Systems : The Concepts

15. Tasks of evaluation • Organization of evaluation tasks • Designing the evaluation methods • Designing the questions and evaluations • Organization the student evaluations • Students evaluation • Evaluation of the evaluation and optimization.

16. Distributed Evaluation Student Evaluating Question and evaluation design Evaluation method design Organization Organization Evaluation Of Evaluation & Optimization

17. 4- Pahn_Azmoon (PA) : The Architecture

18. Background • In 1999 two architecture designed for CBE systems : SOSCA & DSCA. • A prototype named MESBAH, showed the implemental aspects of those architectures. • For more info about SOSCA, DSCA & MESBAH see : www.pnu.ac.ir/~majidi/MESBAH.html & www.pnu.ac.ir/~majidi/Background%20Researches.html • Pahn Azmoon was designed based on those architectures and in continue of MESBAH, in evaluation specific.

19. The concept of EO • Evaluation are performed by some EO (Evaluation Object). • EO is a single or compound evaluation item. • In CAE, EO is not only a question. • EO is the specific question or any algorithmic program for evaluation of student in a specific topic of a specific educational subject. • As its name, EO is the Object, with all specification in object oriented structures.

20. The concept of EC • Each EO is derived from a EC (Evaluation Class). • An EC Contain an Evaluation method (from educational methods) • Also an EC has specific data items with some methods (algorithms and object program methods).

21. Objects in PA • EC • EC Pool • EO • EO Pool • Student • School • Course • Course subjects parts and content • EO designer • EC designer • Evaluation system administrator • Performed Evaluation result (from a student)

22. Goals, Specification & Advantages -1 • Different people can design EC and EO in any place. • Each course designers can design new course in any position. • Each student can self-evaluate by EOs related to his course, in any position. • An evaluation from a student can build by different EOs, came from different EO pools in different position. • Evaluation can performed for single student or a group of students (like a class).

23. Goals, Specification & Advantages -2 • In evaluation of a group of students, EOs of each student maybe different. • The evaluation results registered in student school record. • There was an infrastructure for payment to EO and EC designers. • System can used in one distributed university (like Payam’e Noor University with near 140 school-center in different cities) or in different joint universities.

24. Goals, Specification & Advantages -3 • PA can used in self – evaluation of student, or in formal evaluation. • PA play the role of a question bank also. • EO can contain multimedia contents. • System can used as an evaluation system of an infrastructure of a CBE. (it can joint to other CBE subsystems). • Domain of EO pools used for an evaluation can manually restricted in evaluation request time.

25. Goals, Specification & Advantages - 4 • PA can used as evaluation infrastructure of a Virtual University. • PA prepared the collaborative environment in educational evaluation tasks. • Payment mechanism, gains motivation in investment in evaluation and educational works. • Feedback and optimization mechanism, lead to quality. • EOs has importance degree and different priority.

26. EO Pool Payment Through PA PA EO Pool EO Pool PA Feedback for optimization PA Evaluation Content (contain Eos & results) EO & EC Designer Student record General view of PA Internet

27. Implementation aspects • However PA is a prototype, But also it is a real system and it can used in application. • In implementation of this version of PA : • dynamic EC not supported, but its included in its design. • EO is a multimedia question. • PA is implemented by Delphi, MIDAS and DCOM technologies.

28. 5- Pahn_Azmoon : A fast Overview

29. Interface of education organization

30. Selecting domain of distribution

31. Student entrance and selection

32. A simple question

33. EOs Evaluation request

34. 452 25 16 9 Status of a question

35. input of group evaluation result – papered evaluations

36. designers definition form

37. Interface of EOs designers

38. Define new course form

39. Design entrance form

40. Question design form

41. Status table of designers

42. Request for List of all questions in specific domain

43. Security definition form

44. 6- Conclusion

45. PA prototype showed : • How we can used capabilities of different teachers and experts, in different places. • How we can supply high quality of educational objects (specially in evaluation) to different students, in any where & any time. • how distributed evaluation organization can performed.