The Italian Renaissance Chapter 5 section 1

1. The Italian RenaissanceChapter 5 section 1 Or Wake up People Its time for chunky culture!

2. Photo Analysis: Find clever details!

3. Photo Analysis 2:

4. Photo Analysis # 3

5. Italian City States • Renaissance: A rebirth or revival. * The humanistic revival of classical art, architecture, literature, and learning that started in Italy in the 14th century and later spread throughout Europe. * from about 1350 until 1600. * Europeans began to rediscover ancient Greek and Roman texts, philosophy and knowledge • Background: During the Ren. Italy was not unified, it was made up of independent “city states” which included: Milan, Venice, Rome, Florence, Pisa, Genoa and Mantua and the Kingdom of the 2 Sicilies. • Three leading city states were Florence, Rome and Venice.

6. New social order sprang up, wealth and ability determined social class more than noble titles and land ownership. Wealthy merchants and bankers replaced the landed nobility in the upper class.

7. Italian City States

8. Humanism • Started in the city states of Italy, which had remained important trading centers the late Middle Ages, • Through merchants and trade Italian scholars reacquired ancient “lost” wisdom, learning and philosophical ideas. • The “lost” info came primarily from the Byzantine Empire which had kept the Ancient Greek writings and knowledge intact

9. Humanism: new intellectual movement that focused on secular (worldly) themes (improving humans way of life) rather than just on religious ideas that had been popular during the Middle Ages

10. Renaissance Man • Humanists: Scholars who promoted humanism and accepted classical beliefs and wanted to use them to improve own society. • Stressed individualism, promoted individual self worth and learning. People should develop their own talents through many activities and education. • Men learned Latin, Greek, studied fencing, politics dance, philosophy and Greek classics. • Women studied music, dance, courtly behavior and how to run a household. • Clergy are replaced by humanists as teachers

11. Italian Renaissance Writers • 1300s: Francesco Petracha (commonly called Petarch) wrote sonnets (short poems) focusing on love and personal feelings. (about a girl named Laura who died during the Black Plague) • Benvenuto Cellini wrote a manual called: “The Book of the Courtier”, gave advice to men and women on Ren. Ideal of good behavior. Men to be skilled in many activities, women to be graceful, attractive and courteous. • Niccolo Machiavelli: Wrote “The Prince” a how to guide on Italian politics (use deceit and force as needed to hold on to power!) “IT IS BETTER TO BE FEARED THAN LOVED” “IT IS BETTER TO BE FEARED THAN LOVED”

12. Italian Ren. Artists • Michelangelo, based in Florence: Created sculpture of David between 1501 and 1504, also painted the Sistine Chapel (fin. In 1512), greatest wall painting in Italy (10,000 sq. ft.), designed the dome of St. Peter’s Basilica to end his career. • Leonardo da Vinci: Citizen of Florence, worked also in Milan and Rome. painted Mona Lisa in Florence in 1503; painted Last Supper and also had talent in engineering, architecture and sculpture. • Raphael Santi: famous painter, noted for his paintings of Mary, painted for the Vatican.

13. Sistine Chapel!!

15. Other Chunky Italian Ren. Contributions • Warfare: Mercenaries (Condottieri) hired to fight for city states, first large scale use of devoted professional armies…(citizen soldiers replaced because using them in armies hurt a city state’s business and profits!) • Increased gunpowder use promotes decline in armor and results in development of long thin “fashionable” gentleman swords called rapiers • Italian fencing masters train gentlemen in Italian version of sword play across Europe.

16. Fencing!

17. Italian Ren. Contributitions Continued • Architecture: changed from soaring GOTHIC cathedrals and spires back to classical columns, arches and domes (ie: St Peter’s Basilica) • Rise of a wealthy, educated and expanding MIDDLE Class consisting of merchants, bankers, lawyers • Rise in exchange of ideas across Europe. City States began sending out ambassadors and created agreements, copied across N. Europe

18. Cathedrals Similarities and Differences? Reims Cathedral Florence cathedral, 1419

19. In review /Summarization: • The Italian Renaissance included 2 important elements: • 1. Humanism: is….. • 2. Renaissance Arts: included:

20. Review page 2: The Renaissance began in the city-states of Italy. The reasons why were: • Italy had avoided the economic crisis of the late Middle Ages • Italian towns remained important centers of Mediterranean trade and boosted their production of textiles and luxury goods. • Italians were attached to classical traditions

21. Final Cut: Leonardo’s Last Supper

22. VlA Review: • Italian Renaissance Intro vla: • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4mgSPiAiBjU • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bP0WWUyUCAQ • Da Vinci: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NQaN04s0VI4 • Each student writes down 1-6 die roll details • Rapier Fencing clip: Question: would you ever try this? EC: What makes a rapier different from other (earlier) swords? • Princess Bride: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=k7zvffHu_wo

23. Group Collaboration: • In your groups of 3 or less(or solo for a hw review)…appoint a leader, a writer and researcher and PREDICT And create what group feels are the top 10 facts to KNOW from this section for a quiz or a test. Be ready to present your top 10 lists….