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The Pelvic Girdle

The Pelvic Girdle. Pelvic Girdle. Pelvis transmits weight of torso to legs Innominate “bone with no name” Also called the os coxae Firmly attached to axial skeleton at sacroiliac joint (to the sacrum) and to each other at pubic symphysis Anchors muscles for abdomen

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The Pelvic Girdle

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  1. The Pelvic Girdle

  2. Pelvic Girdle • Pelvis transmits weight of torso to legs • Innominate “bone with no name” • Alsocalled theoscoxae • Firmly attached to axial skeleton at sacroiliac joint (to the sacrum) and to each other at pubic symphysis • Anchors muscles for abdomen • Most reliable area for age and sex estimations from adults

  3. Ossification of Innominate • Each oscoxa is made up of 3 bones that meet at the acetabulum • Articular socket for femur – lateral • Where the 3 join is called the triradial strip (cartilage) • forms “Y-shape” • Within the socket is the lunate surface – where the femoral head actually articulates

  4. The 3 Parts of the Innominate • Ilium – superior – thin blade like upper portion • Ischium – inferior– blunt portion (what you sit on) • Pubis – ventral/anterior –where both sides meet in midline • Ischium and pubis join to enclose heart shaped opening called obturator foramen, which is closed with a membrane in life

  5. Unfused Innominate

  6. Innominate • Ilium • Ischium • Pubis • Anterior superior iliac spine • Anterior inferior iliac spine

  7. Innominate • Acetabulum • Iliac crest • Iliopubic ramus • Ischiopubic ramus • Pubic tubercle

  8. Innominate • Pubic symphysis • Obturator foramen • Posterior superior iliac spine • Posterior inferior iliac spine • Auricular surface • Preauricular surface • Greater sciatic notch • Ischialspine • Lesser sciatic notch

  9. Innominate • Iliac fossa

  10. Pubic Symphysis • Irregular articular surface covered with hyaline cartilage and joined to opposing symphysis by fibro-cartilage • Ventral surface (external) • Dorsal surface • parturition pits

  11. The Femur

  12. The Femur Proximal End (anterior) • Head • Neck • Intertrochanteric line

  13. The Femur Proximal end (posterior) • Greater trochanter • Lesser trochanter • Intertrochanteric crest • Nutrient foramen • Linea aspera

  14. The Femur Proximal end (medial) • Fovea capitis • Trochanteric fossa

  15. The Femur Distal end (posterior) • Popliteal surface

  16. The Femur Distal end (medial) Distal end (lateral) Lateral epicondyle Popliteal groove • Medial epicondyle

  17. The Femur Distal end (inferior) • Patellar groove (surface) • Lateral condyle • Medial condyle • Intercondylar fossa

  18. Ossification of Femur • 1 primary center • 4 secondary centers • Fuse during late teens to early 20s

  19. The Patella

  20. The Patella • Apex • Medial articular facet • Lateral articular facet

  21. Tibia & Fibula

  22. Tibia Proximal (anterior) • Tibial tuberosity • Anterior crest

  23. Tibia Proximal (posterior) • Tibial plateau • Popliteal (Soleal) line • Nutrient foramen

  24. Tibia Proximal (superior) • Medial condyle • Lateral condyle • Intercondylar eminence

  25. Tibia Lateral view • Interosseous crest • Fibular notch

  26. Tibia Distal end (anterior) Distal end (posterior) Malleolar groove Distal end (inferior) • Medial malleolus • Talar facet

  27. Fibula anterior • Head • Styloid process • Interosseous crest • Lateral malleolus

  28. Fibula posterior • Fibular groove

  29. Fibula medial • Nutrient foramen • Malleolar fossa

  30. Ossification of Tibia & Fibula • 1 primary center • 2 secondary centers • Fuse during late teens to early 20s

  31. Talocrural joint • Formed at articulation of tibia/fibula and talus (of the foot)

  32. Radius Ulna Femur Tibia Fibula Humerus Lateral Medial

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