SOLİD- LİQUİD EXTRACTİON

1. Bursa Atatürk Anatolian High School SOLİD- LİQUİD EXTRACTİON

2. The Purpose Of The Experiment • Solid-liquid extraction mechanism,solid-liquid what are the parameters that affect the efficiency of the extraction process,the working principle is the device to learn soxhlet. • With the aid of a suitable solvent from any mixture of substance separation by pulling the desired process is referred to extraction.

3. Extraction is an efficient separation process that in many industrial fields such as laboratory studies, pharmaceutical,petroleum,cosmetics and food.To be allocated in the liquid phase or in solid phase of the substance depending on whether liquid-liquid or solid-liquid extraction one of the methods is used and the separation.

4. Solid Extraction • Solid-liquid extraction, the multi compenent is separated by dissolving in a solvent of one or some of the solid components.One of the substances present in the solid is taken with a solvent capable of dissolving these substances.The liquid mixture of solvent and separated material, after leaving the solids behind in any way by removing the solvent remains only separated material.

5. Often we encounter in everyday life, making tea, sugar from the sugar beet industry in size, to extract oil from oilseeds are examples of the solid-liquid extraction. • In the solid-liquid extraction, solid phase extracted, solvent extracted that, the liquid mixture obtained extract given name. For example; in tea production, the production in solid, solid extracted tea leaves, tea and water is extracted that happens in-extracted.

6. Tea Bag Green Tea Leaf (Substance) Green Tea Hot Water (Liquid)

7. Solvents • We benefit from various organic solvents in the extraction process.In liquid extraction, according to the type of the item to be drawn from the mixture the selection of suitable solvents is very important.

8. This solvent; Should be separated easily from the mixture. Shouldn’t leaved toxic waste. Shouldn’t be involved (to mixed by water) with water. Shouldn’t solve the ingredients expect what fort he desired them.(Shouldn’t resolved substance outside desired) Should be cheap and procurement easily.

9. Di Ethyl Ether • The most appropriate solvents to use for this job; di ethyl ether, chloroform, benzene, petroleum ether and carbon tetra chloride.Di ethyl ether is the most preferredone.(Because of the low boiling point and strong solvent properties.) • Molecular formula is C2H5-O-C2H5 Boil point is very low temperature (35 celsius) and it’s density 0.75 g/cm3.The resolution is quite low in the water.Water remains at the top as a separate phase that does not interfere with. It’s very flammable.

10. The degree of flammability is -12 celcius. In the experiments the heating process in a water bath should be done necessarily. Creating can be very dangerous explosive peroxides when exposed to light for a long time. Can be stored in a cool place without light of the day. Usually used as a solvent and it is a polar solvent. Oils tends to work well due to the decrease of the boiling point is preferred because it is easy to get away from theenvironment.

11. The continuous extraction of solids for a long time usually are preferred extraction methods.The solid matter of a solid into a powder that can be parsed from within is a slow process because first should be extracted after it is converted. Thus, it provides more contact of the substance with the solvent.After each extraction, the solvent should be made to the distillation process to separate. The substance thus separated from the mixture,the solvent is separated and purifiedfrom.

12. Management Principles • Solid-Liquid extraction is the separation of one or many components of a solid matter by disintegration. One of the matters contained inside the solid is obtained by a solvent which can disintegrate the solid. After the obtained matter and the solvent are separated from the solid, the solvent is by any means brought away which leaves theintended matterat hand.

13. The Tools BeingUsed • The tools which is used in solid and liquid extraction located in the mechanism that being included with soxhlet extractor.As shown on the mechanism below the balloon that has a flat glass on it’s bottom in organic solvents found on, and a cartridge has crushed seed which is going to be taken it’s soil, and a soxhlet extractor that has a cartridge, and a re-cooler installed to this , and has water hoses that is connected to thickener.

14. The material that will be captured, into the cartridge,the solvent placed to balloon, balloon will be heated. The solvent vapor that pass through in, concentrating to cooler, drops on to the material that is in. This solvent dissolving the solute, with it’s siphon,returns to it’s balloon.Boiling point of the solvent being used will be low, when material is accumulating in balloon,the solvent continues to it’s movement.After process has finished, when evaporated the solvent that is in balloon, remains back the material wanted to being separated with solution.

15. Implementation of the Method • Solid –liquid extraction is frequently implementing in laboratories . Determination of fat is the most typical example for the solid –liquid extraction in laboratories . Soxhlet mechanism is used for this . Soxhlet mechanism consist of a heater , a glass balloon , an extractor (250 ml) and a cooler . The heater is on the bottom part . The heater can be a water bath or an electric heater . There is the 250 ml balloon on the heater . The extractor is above the balloon and the cooler is on the top .

16. All pieces are able to set for not to leak . The mechanism can be set with the pieces tied to a support stick . While making analysis , the sample should have been put into the special cartridge , then into the extraction chamber .

17. Top of the cartridge is closed with lean cotton and extractor put into there . Chemical matter - which used as a solvent - put in flask and this matter evaporate by heater . Volatile solvent reach cooler . Condensed solvent pour on cartridge as drops . When Soxhlet extractor be full , empty in to the flask . At this moment It solves matter which in cartridge and bring it to flask . When it gets enough siphon , takes back from flask . • Under the low pressure , solvent vaporize in turning vaporizer and finally we gets the matter which obtained from the solid .

18. Questions • Which solvents should we use ? Explain . • Why did the solid matter become a powder ?

19. Prepared by : Halenur Yenidünya ,Elif Ensari , Enis Yıldız , Hıdır Yeşiltepe , Eren Ertuğrul , Sude Arslan , Ahmet Akçay , Meltem Güler