名词性从句

1. 名词性从句

2. 名词从句包括主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。名词从句包括主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。 引导名词性从句的连接词可分为三类： 连接词：that, whether, if 连接代词：what, which who, whom, whose, whatever, whoever, whichever 连接副词：when, where, how, why

3. 辨别下列名词性从句的类别： 1.How the book will sell depends on its author. 2.John said that he was leaving for London on Wednesday. 3.The fact is that he has not been seen recently. 4.The fact that he has not been seen recently disturbs everyone in his office. 5.He will talk to us about what he saw in U.S. 6.It is impossiblethat I go and attend the meeting. 主语从句 宾语从句 表语从句 同位语从句 宾语从句 主语从句

4. That/wh-clause + v +…主语从句 S +be/link.v + that/wh-clause表语从句 S + vt + that/wh-clause宾语从句 S + vi + prep + wh-clause宾语从句

5. 主语从句 引导词有连接词that (不可省),whether;连接代词who, whoever what ,which;连接副词 when ,where, how, why等. 1.That he is a famous singer is known to us. (It is known to us that he is a famous singer.) 2.When he will go to America is not yet fixed. (It is not yet fixed when he will go to America.)

6. that-从句作主语通常用it作先行词，而将that-从句置于句末，例如：that-从句作主语通常用it作先行词，而将that-从句置于句末，例如： It's a pity that you should have to leave. It is not yet decided who will do that job. 用 it 作形式主语的that- 从句有以下搭配关系： a. It + be +形容词+ that-从句 It is necessary/ important / obvious/certain…that… b.It + be +名词+ that-从句 It is a pity/a shame/no wonder …that… c. It + be + -ed 分词+ that-从句 It is believed/ reported/ saidthat…　　　　　 It is known to all that… d. It +不及物动词+ that-分句 It appears/seem that… 　It happens that… It occurred to me that　　

7. The foreign minister said, “ ______ our hope that the two sides will work towards peace.” • A. this is B. there is C. that is D. it is • 2. _______ made the school proud was that more than 90% of the students had been admitted to key universities. • A. That B. What C. Which D. Who • 3. _______ fashion differs from country to country may reflect the cultural differences from one aspect. • A. What B. That C. This D. Which D B D that 在主从中不充当成分，不可省; what充当主,宾或表语, 不可省. 根据意思选择引导主从的wh-疑问词.

8. whether 与 if 均为 “是否” 的意思。但在下列情况下，whether 不能被 if 所取代： • 主语从句 Whether he will come is unknown. 2. 表语从句，如： The question is whether you should accept it. 3. 同位语从句，如： The question whether he’ll attend the meeting is not decided. 4. 从句作介词的宾语，如： I’m not interested in whether they’ll go or not. It depends on whether we have got enough money. 5. 直接跟不定式或紧跟or not连用，如： She hasn’t decided whether to go or not.

9. 用if 或whether 填空 whether/if whether • 1. I don’t know __________ I’ll be free tomorrow. • 2. I don’t know _______ or not I’ll be free tomorrow. • 3. The question is ______ this book is worth writing. 4. It depends on ______ we will have enough money. • 5. ______ they can do it matters little to us. • 6._______ you are not free tomorrow , I’ll go without you. whether whether whether If

10. 宾语从句 (1). that 可省, 无意义, 不充当成分. what不可省,有意义,充当成分. (2). 时态 他说他昨天下午没课. He said he had no classes yesterday afternoon. 他说光的速度比声的速度快. He said the speed of light is much fater than that of sound. C We can’t figure out _______ quite a number of animals are dying out. A. that B. as C. why D. when -- I think it’s going to be a big problem. -- yes it could be. And I wonder _____ we can do about it. A. if B. how C. what D. that C

11. A computer can only do _______ you have instructed it to do. A. how B. after C. what D. when These wild flowers are so special that I would do _______ I can to save them. A. whatever B. that C. which D. whichever C A

12. 表语从句 问题是我们不能与他取得联系。 The problemis that we didn’t get in touch with him. 这就是亨利如何解决问题的。 This is how Henry solved the problem. His suggestion is that we (should) finish the work at once. 他的建议是我们要立刻完成工作。 • -- Are you still thinking about yesterday’s game? • -- oh, that’s ______. • what makes me feel excited B. whatever I feel excited about • C. how I feel about it D. when I feel excoted A

13. D I read about it in some book or other, doed it matter _______ it was? A. where B. what C. how D. which Perseverance is a kind of quality and that’s _______ it takes to do anything well. A. what B. that C. which D. why A

14. 同位语从句 一般放在名词 fact , news ,word, truth, thought , idea , suggestion,promise, question, problem 等之后,用以说明或解释前面的名词.引导词that ;少数情况下也可用连接副词等. that不充当成分 ，但起引导作用，不能省略。 The thought that we might succeed excited us. The news that the plane would take off on time made everybody happy. The news that is spreading around the airport isthat a heavy storm is coming. (同位) （定从）

15. 同位语从句 与定语从句的区别

16. （I）试比较下面两个例句: 1.The suggestion that he raised at the meeting is very good. 2.The suggestion that the students should have plenty of exercise is very good. （that引导定语从句, 作宾语, 可以省略） （that引导同位语从句,在从句中不担当任何成分，但不可以省略）

17. 辨别下列从句是定语从句还是同位语从句 1.We heard the news that our team had won. 2.We must face the fact that we had spent all our money. 3. The news that he told me yesterday was false. 4. I have no doubt that he will come soon. 5. The fact is that we have spent all our money. 同位语从句 同位语从句 定语从句 同位语从句 表语从句

18. Practice • His proposal that we go there on foot is acceptable. • 2. Many teachers hold the view that teenagers should not spend too much time online. • 3.The first request that he made was to ask for freedom. • 4. He made an excuse that his car broke down onthe way. • 5. Is this the company where your father works? (同位) (同位) （定从） (同位) （定从）

19. Choose the best answer 1.They expressed the hope ___they would come over to China. A. which B. that C. whom D. when 2.The fact___ he didn’t see Tom yesterday is true. A. that B. which C. when D. what 3.I have no idea ____he will come back. A. where B. when C. what D. that

20. 4.The news ___ surprised everybody yesterday now proves tobe false. A. that B. when C. what D. how 5.One of the men held the view ___ the book said was right. A. what that B. that which C. that what D. which that 6.Word has come ___ some American guests will come for a visit to our college next week. A. what B. whether c. that D. which

21. 名词从句与定语从句的一些对应关系： • 1. He has done what he can to help me. • --He has done ____ ____ he can to help me. • What I want to say has nothing to do with it. • --____ ____ I want to say has nothing to do • with it. all that All that

22. 3. Whoever breaks the law is to be punished. ______ ______ breaks the law is to be punished. 4. He will give the dictionary to whoever needs if most. He will give the dictionary to ______ ____ needs it most. 5. We’ll remember whomever we turned to for help. We’ll remember ______ ________ we turned to for help. 6. They will do whatever he wants them to do. They will do ______ ______he wants them to do. 7. I’ll read whichever book you give me. I’ll read ____ of the  books _____  you give me. Anyone who anyone who Anyone (whom) anything that any that

23. 难点1：用that 或what 填空 what what • 1. I wonder if this is ______you arelooking for. • 2. Our school is quite different from _______ it was before. • 3. Father made a promise ______ if I passed the examination he would buy me a computer. 4._______ I can’t understand is why he has changed his mind. • 5._______ the earth is round is known to us all. that What That

24. 难点2：用what, whatever, who, whoever填空 Whatever • 1._________ was said here must be kept secret. • 2. _______we need is more time. • 3._______ made the long distance call to him is not important. • 4._______ breaks the law will be punished. • 5. ________ leaves the room last ought to turn off the lights. What Who Whoever Whoever

25. 巩固练习 1.One of the men held the view  ____ the book said was right． A．that what B．What that C．that  D．whether 2.The reason  ____ I have to go is_____ my mother is ill in bed． A. why ; why  B. why ; because C. why ; that  D. that ; because

26. 3.Dr. Black comes from either Oxford or Cambridge, I can't remember ____. A．where B．there C．which D．that 4.Energy is  ____ makes things work． A．What B．everything C．something  D．anything

27. 5.It is important that ______ our education in all available ways. A. we must develop B. we shall develop C. we would develop D. we should develop 6.It is necessary that ______ by the end of the week. A. we got everything ready B. we have got everything ready C. We get everything ready D. we must get everything ready 7.It was natural that _______. A. my pictures would surprise them B. my pictures surprised them C. my pictures should surprise them D. my pictures would have surprised them 8.I wonder _______. A. whether or not I’ll catch the last bus B. if or not I’ll catch the last bus C. that I’ll catch the last bus or not D. that I’ll catch the last bus

28. 9.We all thought ______ a pity that we had missed the lesson. A. so B. such C. it D. that 10.I took ______ for granted that they were not coming. A. that B. this C. it D. so 11.I heard ______ said that he had great concern for his classmates. A. and B. that C. was D. it 12.I wish I ______ to the football match last night. A. went B. go C. should go D. had gone

29. 13.We all know the truth _____ the earth goes round the sun. A. that B. which C. what D. whether 14.We heard the news ______ our team had won. A. which B. that C. what D. where 15.The problem ______ it is right or wrong has not yet been decided. A. which B. that C. whether D. if 16.You must do well ______ the teacher asks you to do. A. which B. what C. that D. where

30. 1.It now appears ______ they are in need of help. 2.It is good news ______ they will arrive in a few days. 3.It is thought ______ Joe drives badly. 4.It may be______ he is late for class. 5.This is ______ she was born. 6.The question is ______ we can’t go there today. 7.The question is ______ it is worth doing. 8.The reason he has made such great progress is _______ he has never wasted his time. 9.My suggestion is ______ we should turn the land into rice fields. 10.My advice is that he ______ regular house. that that that that where that whether that that should