The Renaissance Begins

1. The Renaissance Begins Objectives: Find out why Italy was the birthplace of the Renaissance Understand how literature and art were transformed during the Renaissance

2. The Mona Lisa The Mona Lisa or La Gioconda (another name) is most famous piece of art in the world and painted by Leonardo da Vinci. It is now owned by the French and hangs in the Louvre. Fun fact: (This painting may never have been finished. Why do you think this is?)

3. In addition to the Mona Lisa, for what did Leonardo da Vinci become famous? His 4,000 notebook pages that he filled with sketches and notes about the world around him… (continued next slide. (A page from his notebook)

4. Renaissance A major cultural* movement that began in Italy and then spread to England, France, Germany, and the Netherlands. Renaissance means “REBIRTH” *Culture- Shared beliefs, values, customs, behaviors, and artifacts that the members of society use to cope with their world and with one another. Europe in the 1500’s

5. City-states • A city that has its own independent government and often controls much of the surrounding land. • The most powerful city-states were not under the control of a king or noble or the Roman Church. • Cities-states gained power and wealth because of trade.

6. Why did Italy become the birth of the Renaissance? Because of its location on the Mediterranean, it became the center of trade. Italy’s trade was based in its cities and they became powerful and wealthy.

7. Renaissance Art and Literature • Artists in all fields created stunning works which was a sharp change from the art of the middle ages. The Pieta by Michelangelo

8. SCIENCE & INVENTIONS The Renaissance was a time of learning and discovery too! Many new inventions were made.

9. Humanism • Humanism is an interest in the classics which are Greek and Roman.

10. Francesco Petrarch 1304-1374 • A poet, scholar and one of the earliestItalian Humanists • He is known for poetry and perfecting the sonnet.

11. Who was known as the ideal Renaissance Man and why? Leonardo da Vinci was the ideal Renaissance Man. He had many talentsthat included art, science, music, architecture, etc…

12. Michelangelo He is one of the masters and painted the ceiling of the Sistine chapel. His most famous work, the statue of David is in Florence, Italy.

13. Michelangelo’ Works The Pietà The ceiling of the Sistine Chapel

14. What was the main focus of Renaissance visual artists? • Renaissance visual artists focused on nature and on the human form. The Madonna of the Rocks, by Leonardo da Vinci

15. Cosimo de Medici He was the head of a powerful family in Florence who paid for many art works and promoted the study of the Greek language. He was a patron of the arts (supporter.)

16. Republic • A type of government in which citizens who have the right to vote, and select their leaders.

17. What is a republic? How were these republics different from the US? A republic is a government whose head of state is not a monarch. Italy’s republic was different from the US as only a few people got to vote.

18. The Renaissance The Renaissance Moves North Chapter 15-2 • Objectives: • Understand how the Renaissance spread from Italy to the north • Identify key literary figures and ideas of the Northern Renaissance • Identify key artists and artistic ideas of the Northern Renaissance

19. Johannes Gutenberg 1398- 1468 The number 1 printed book is…. He was a German printer who developed a system of movable type and the printing press. THE BIBLE

20. Movable Type Individual letters and marks that could be arranged and rearranged quickly. Gutenberg built this printing press to produce the Bible.

22. What did Christian Humanism emphasize? It emphasized beauty and goodness of people around the world. Life on earth was just as important as life in heaven. These thinkers were more concerned about Christianity than Greek and Roman texts.

23. Desiderius Erasmus (1466-1536) He was a leading figure of Christian Humanism and a Roman Catholic priest who wanted to reform the church. His most famous book is….

24. “In Praise of Folly” In the book he mocked certain church practices which had little to do with true faith and were covered up with corruption.

25. Sir Thomas Moore 1478-1535 (or More) He was a lawyer, scholar, and author. He thought all men should be equal. And his most famous book is……

26. Utopia His book tells of an ideal society (perfect place) where everyone is treated equally and everyone works together to achieve happiness. “Utopia”

27. 1.) Industry and trade expanded. What are some of the causes that allowed Renaissance ideas to spread northward? 2.) The feudal and religious base of society weakened. 3.) There were changes in literature, art, and culture. 4.) Development of the printing press

28. William Shakespeare 1564 - 1616 He is England’s best known poet, actor, and playwright Wrote 37 plays based 3 areas: Comedy Tragedy Historical • What plays can you name?

29. What common theme was shared by many Renaissance writers in France and England? LOVE & Patriotism

30. Flemish Painter Jan van Eyck1385-1441 He was a master of realistic portraits, and used multiple layers of paint to create visual effects and religious themes. He was Dutch (Netherlands) One of his most famous paintings, The Marriage of Giovanni Arnolfini and Giovanna Cenami.

31. Define Realism To show people and nature as they really are. Michelangelo’s MOSES