Final Exam Review

1. Final Exam Review

2. How has industrialization changed Europe? • Use of resources as energy sources, ex. Coal, oil, etc. • Mining towns after the finding of oil, increasing the level of economic activity • Desalination- the process of removing the saline (salt) from the sea water= clean water • Forests have been cut down for development: ships, houses, farmland, etc.

3. Migration Jobs, economic opportunity, conflict in Middle East Middle East Cultural Divergence, the rejection of Middle Eastern culture • -What has caused migration to Europe? • -Where does most European immigration come from? • -How is this immigration changing European culture?

4. What climates are found in Europe? • Marine West Coast • Mediterranean • Humid Subtropical • Humid Continental • Sub Arctic

5. How does life expectancy and infant mortality impact the level of development? • Understand the relationship between life expectancy and infant mortality • ______________ developed country will have a _________ life expectancy and a ________ infant mortality.

6. How does technology impact a location? • In the Netherlands the use of polders or dams to reclaim land from the sea has increased the development of the nation

7. Where do countries in Western Europe fall along the economic spectrum….. • Market Socialist Command

8. How has terrorism impacted the culture of Europe? • Terrorism: an unexpected event that involves innocent civilians • Bombings have occurred for several reasons: religious and political conflict, cultural divergence

9. What are the elements of culture in Western Europe? • Religion: Christianity, spread initially by the Roman Empire • Language: Germanic and Romance languages- French, Spanish, English, German • Market economy • Monarchies and Republics

10. How does the European Union impact the interaction between member nations? • EU member countries must consider each other’s problems in order to stay united and strong

11. Economies • Command: government controlled production • Free Market: people make decisions, based on supply and demand, consumer driven, unregulated • What are the characteristics of the command economy? • What are the characteristics of a free market economy?

12. What resulted from the Industrial Revolution? • Urbanization, with more jobs available in the cities from factories • Pollution

13. Europe is described as a “peninsula of peninsulas”, how has this impacted the development of Europe? • BeingSurrounded by water has caused Europeans to explore and conquer other lands through sea travel

14. What are examples of push and pull factors? • Environmental: migration based from seasonal changes/drought • Social: Religion • Political: Freedoms/Denial of rights • Economic: finding of oil unemployment/jobs • -Environmental? • -Social? • -Political? • -Economic?

15. What are the population trends of a More Developed Country? • no growth to negative growth (think population pyramids)

16. What are the population trends of a Less Developed Country? • rapid growth (think population pyramids)

17. How does the ice caps melting impact coastal areas? • Increase of sea levels will cause flooding on coastal areas • People will move inland to find safe land

18. What factors impacted original settlements? (Cultural Hearths, first cities) • Water!!! • Arable soil • Good climate

19. What is the trend for the world’s population? • -Rapid growth, due to life expectancy increasing (health care) and decrease in death rate • -Medicine and agriculture has also increase the world’s population

20. Human-Environment • Modification: • stilts on houses • Air conditioning • polders • Adaptation: • hunting and irrigation • -What is an example of human-environment modification? • -What is an example of human-environment adaptation?

21. How does the level of development determine the level of economic activity? • A ___________ developed country will have _________________ as their economic activity.

22. What is globalization? • A global community, trading occurring throughout the world.

23. -What are characteristics of a rural area?-What are characteristics of an urban area? • Rural: Low education, agriculture, low population density • Urban: medical care, high population density, technology advancements

24. What is cultural divergence? Give an example • -Discouraging of another culture. Ex. The Middle East rejecting Western Culture (Europe/American) • OR Europe rejecting the Middle Eastern culture

25. What is erosion? What causes erosion? Internal or External? • Changes and shapes the surface of the earth • Water, Ice, Wind and Gravity • External

26. Where are climate zones located throughout the world? (low-, mid-, high-latitude) • Low: hot (rainforests and deserts) • Mid: Temperate (4 seasons) • High: Cold (tundra and subarctic)

27. Where are biomes located throughout the world? (low-, mid-, high-latitude) • Low: deserts and steppe • Mid: mixed forests, grasslands • High: tundra and coniferous forests

28. -What is the lithosphere? Atmosphere? Hydrosphere? Biosphere?-What take place in each? (ex. Water Cycle) • Lithosphere: Land (plate tectonics) • Atmosphere: Air (greenhouse effect) • Hydrosphere: Water (water cycle) • Biosphere: Life (circle of life, food chain)