1 / 21

For Governments Differ in Kind

For Governments Differ in Kind . Review: What is Government? ESSENTIAL QUESTIONS : What are the Characteristics of a state? What Are the Purposes of Government?. What is government?. Government is the institution through which a society makes and enforces its public policies.

nay
Download Presentation

For Governments Differ in Kind

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. For Governments Differ in Kind Review: What is Government? ESSENTIAL QUESTIONS: What are the Characteristics of a state? What Are the Purposes of Government?

  2. What is government? Government is the institution through which a society makes and enforces its public policies. For societies to sustain themselves, they must create (formally or informally) rules or guidelines, and direct and regulate them.

  3. What is “the state” ? a state is a political communitythat occupies a definite territory; having an organized government with the authority to makes and enforces its own laws without approval from any other authority. • Synonymous with the term country and nation-state

  4. The Characteristics of the State Population Territory / land Sovereignty Government – the institution and processes through which the state maintains social order, provides public services, and enforces binding decisions. Such as…

  5. Territory Every state must take up some amount of space. And have established boundaries (though they may not be agreed upon— ex. Israel/Lebanon) Examples: The Holy See (The Vatican)- ~ 440 acres (population-~880) Russia-~6,591,027 mi2 (population ~143 million) China- ~3,704,426 mi2 (population ~1.3 billion)

  6. Population • Every state must have people inhabiting it • A state’s population can be: homogenous—having the same customs, language, ethnicity, etc. (ex. Iceland) heterogeneous—having different customs, languages, ethnicities, etc. (ex. U.S.)

  7. Sovereignty The supreme and absolute powerwithin its territorial boundaries. For example…

  8. Government • Every state must have a government that issues and enforces rules for the people living within its territory • A state’s government must be recognized from within and by other nation states in the international community • Examples: England-Constitutional monarchy Saudi Arabia-Autocracy U.S.- Democracy

  9. Origins of The State • The Force Theory • The state was born of force, or the need to resist an enemy. • A state emerged when everyone in an area was brought under the authority of one person or group.

  10. Origins of The State • Evolutionary Theory • The state evolved from the family. • Heads of the family served as a government • Evolved into tribal councils with a hierarchy of authority Examples… Native American Nations Tribal states of SW Asia

  11. Origins of The State • The Divine Right Theory • Certain people are chosen by a god or gods to rule. • Divine right describes European monarchs in the 1600s and 1700s who proclaimed their right to rule came from God alone. • To question the king was not only treason, but seen as a sin against God.

  12. Origins of The State • The Social Contract Theory • Thomas Hobbes promoted the idea of a social contract in which people surrendered their freedom to the state, but in return they received order and security.

  13. Hobbes ~ Social Contract • In a “state of Nature” there is no government and man is free. • However, absolute freedom has a price… life is “cruel, brutish and short” Why? • To escape this cruel reality, men would give up some freedom to the state; in return the government (state) would offer people security through law & order

  14. Locke ~ Social Contract • John Locke took Hobbes ideas one step further by promoting the “right to revolution” • Locke believed that if the government fails to provide people with security or if the state abused its power over the people the people could change the government. Does this happen today?

  15. Why Do we NEED a Government?

  16. What do YOUknow about government? What is government’s purpose?

  17. Total freedom No job or education required No rulers No laws Nothing is against the law Ruled by elected officials Government’s job is to protect the rights we are born with Government taxes your income, to use for services to help common good Government makes laws to protect the common welfare Where would YOU like to live?FreelandLawland Josman, D., Roots of american democracy. Retrieved 12/5/08 from www.slideshare.net

  18. To provide organization to address citizens’ needs & problems

  19. To provide the public with goods and services

  20. To provide national security

  21. To provide public order

More Related