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Windows 98, 98 SE & 2000

Windows 98, 98 SE & 2000. By: Daniel Justice Chris Ross Solo Hedd-Williams. Windows 98. Brief History. Introduction. Codename Memphis Released to manufacturing on May 15, 1998 and released to retail June 25, 1998.

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Windows 98, 98 SE & 2000

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  1. Windows 98, 98 SE & 2000 By: Daniel Justice Chris Ross Solo Hedd-Williams

  2. Windows 98

  3. Brief History

  4. Introduction • Codename Memphis • Released to manufacturing on May 15, 1998 and released to retail June 25, 1998. • Like Windows 95, it is a hybrid 16 bit/ 32 bit product with a MS-DOS based boot loader. • Microsoft support for Windows 98 ended on July 11th, 2006

  5. New driver standards • Windows 98 introduced a new driver standard called the Windows Driver Model. • Unified driver model for standardizing the requirements and the amount of code that needed to be written. • The drivers in this model are forward-compatible so that a WDM driver can run on a version of Windows newer than what the driver was initially written for, but doing that would mean that the driver cannot take advantage of any new features introduced with the new version. Although, generally the drivers are not backwards-compatible.

  6. System Requirements • 486D-X/ 66 MHz or higher processor. • 16 MB of Ram ( 24 MB recommended) • At least 500 MB of space available on HDD. Amount of space required depends on the installation method and the components selected. • VGA or Higher resolution monitor • CD-ROM or DVD-ROM drive • Microsoft mouse or compatible pointing device (optional). • Like its predecessor, Windows 95, and its successor, Windows Millennium Edition (Me), users can bypass hardware requirement checks with the undocumented /im setup switch. This allows installation on computers with processors as old as the 80386.

  7. New system tools • ScanDisk- System utility used to maintain the file system. It offers a DOS and a GUI version. Used to check the integrity of the file system and files stored within. • Disk Defragmenter - Used to counter the negative effects of file system fragmentation. It collects fragmented file parts, reconnects them and rearranges all files in optimal order, thus speeding up file access and allowing faster boot times.

  8. System tools cont’d • Scanreg - Used to restore the System registry. It tests the registry's integrity and saves a backup copy each time. The maximum amount of copies could be customized by the user through "scanreg.ini" file. The restoration of a faulty registry can only be done in DOS mode. Important DOS commands: scanreg/opt - optimizes the registry by deleting dead entries; scanreg/fix - repairs registry settings. • Msconfig - A system utility used to disable programs and services which are not required to run the computer. It is a very powerful tool that can greatly enhance the system's stability and speed, but is also capable of rendering the system non-functional if used incorrectly. • Regedit - Allows manual editing of the registry.

  9. Windows 98 life cycle • Microsoft had planned to discontinue support for Windows after Jan 16, 2004 but because of the popularity of the OS, they decided to continue support until Jul 11th, 2006. • By that time, Windows 98 market share had diminished to 2.7%. • Windows 98 is no longer available from Microsoft in any form due to the terms of Java-related settlements Microsoft made with Sun Microsystems.

  10. BSOD!!!!!

  11. Blue screen of death • This screen was shown after a critical system error that was encountered that can cause the system to shut down to prevent irreversible damage to its integrity. • Blue screens are normally cause by poorly written device drivers or malfunctioning hardware. • They can also be caused by physical faults like faulty memory, power supplies, overheating of computer components, or hardware running beyond its specification limits.

  12. Troubleshooting BSOd

  13. Windows 98 Second Edition

  14. Windows 98 Second Edition includes many improvements and enhancements not included in the original version of Windows 98. These include fixes for known issues in Windows 98, and new tools and capabilities to help you be more productive. Windows 98 Second Edition

  15. What's New? • Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM) • Device Bay Controller • DirectX Version 6.1 • Microsoft Connection Manager Version 1.2 • Microsoft Dial-Up Networking (DUN) Version 1.3 • Microsoft Distributed Component Object Model (DCOM98) • Microsoft Internet Connection Sharing (ICS) • Microsoft Internet Explorer 5 • Microsoft Data Access Components (MDAC) 2.1 • Microsoft Active Accessibility (MSAA) • Microsoft NetMeeting Version 3.0 (build 4.4.3345) • Microsoft Wake-On-LAN • Microsoft Wallet Version 3.0 • Microsoft Windows Media Player Version 6.2 • Microsoft Year 2000 (Y2K) Updates • MSN, The Microsoft Network Version 5.0

  16. Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM) Windows 98 already contains the capability to operate directly connected to an ATM network, exposing all of the speed and quality of service capabilities (QOS) of ATM. Currently, ATM obtains access for all programs through Local Area Network Emulation (LANE).  IP/ATM goes beyond the support provided through LANE with  • Increased performance • Less network overhead • use of the QOS capabilities of the network through Windows Sockets

  17. Device Bay Controller Device Bay is an industry specification that defines a mechanism for easily adding and upgrading personal computer peripheral devices without opening the computer case. The Device Bay specification applies to all classes of computers, including desktop, mobile, home and server computers.

  18. DirectX 6.1 Microsoft DirectX is a collection of application programming interfaces (APIs) for handling tasks related to multimedia, especially game programming and video, on Microsoft platforms.  This version of DirectX includes new DirectMusic, DirectDraw, Direct3D and DirectPlay features. DirectMusic is a deprecated component of the Microsoft DirectX API that allows music and sound effects to be composed and played and provides flexible interactive control over the way they are played. DirectDraw is used to rendergraphics in applications where top performance is important. DirectDraw also allows applications to run full-screen or embedded in a window such as most other MS Windows applications. Direct3D is used to render three dimensional graphics in applications where performance is important, such as games. Direct3D also allows applications to run full-screen instead of embedded in a window, though they can still run in a window if programmed for that feature.  DirectPlay is part of Microsoft's DirectXAPI. DirectPlay is a network communication library intended for computer game development, although its general nature certainly allows it to be used for other purposes.

  19. Microsoft Connection Manager Version 1.2 Microsoft created the Connection Manager to automatically route requests to an internal network (intranet) or VPN if the host name does not have a period in it.    Also, the Connection Manager supports the ability to use a proxy server to provide access to the internet.  Normally the use of a proxy server is for enterprise customers.

  20. Microsoft Dial-Up Networking (DUN) Version 1.3 This security upgrade for DUN is designed to enhance the protection of both dial-up and Virtual Private Network (VPN) connections. Microsoft Challenge-Handshake Authentication Protocol (MSCHAP) version 2.0 secure mode has been implemented, providing mutual authentication, stronger initial data encryption keys, and different encryption keys for the transmit and receive paths. Also, clients that support 128-bit encryption accept any level of encryption (128-bit or 40-bit) offered by the server. This upgrade provides a new registry flag, ForceStrongEncryption. When set, this flag requires 128-bit encryption for any connection that has already been set to require encryption. Because of this, setting the new registry flag essentially changes the meaning of the existing check box from "require encryption" to "require strong encryption"

  21. Microsoft Distributed Component Object Model (DCOM98) The DCOM98 wire protocol transparently provides support for reliable, secure, and efficient communication between Component Object Model (COM) components such as ActiveX controls, scripts, and Java tools residing on different machines in a LAN, a Wide Area Network (WAN), or the Internet.

  22. Internet Connection Sharing (ICS) ICS provides support for multiple computers to obtain access to the Internet through a single connection using Network Address Translation (NAT). ICS routes TCP/IP packets from a small LAN to the Internet. ICS maps individual IP addresses of local computers to unused port numbers in the TCP/IP stack. Due to the nature of the NAT, IP addresses on the local computer are not visible on the Internet. All packets leaving or entering the LAN are sent from or to the IP address of the external adapter on the ICS host computer.

  23. Internet Explorer 5 Internet Explorer 5 offers the following two new ways to save Web pages that include embedded components: • Web page, complete • Web archive Web Page, CompleteWhen you save a Web page as "Web page, complete," a folder with the same name as the Hypertext Markup Language (.html) file is created in the target folder. This folder contains page elements such as images and sounds. The relative links to embedded content in the Web page are re-written to point to the contents of this new folder. Absolute links such as a hyperlink to another Web page are not re-written. As long as the folder is kept with its corresponding .htm file, the opened file includes the referenced images. Web ArchiveWhen you save a Web page as "Web archive," the Web page saves this information in Multipurpose Internet Mail Extension HTML (MHTML) format with a .mht file extension. All relative links in the Web page are remapped and the embedded content is included in the .mht file, rather than being saved in a separate folder. The absolute references or hyperlinks on the Web page remain unchanged and the .mht file is viewed using Internet Explorer.

  24. Microsoft Data Access Components (MDAC) Version 2.1 This update includes the ActiveX Data Objects (ADO) version 2.1, and seek and index property method that adds fast, index-based location of rows in a record set. A framework of interrelated Microsoft technologies that allows programmers a uniform and comprehensive way of developing applications that can access almost any data store.

  25. Microsoft Active Accessibility (MSAA) This update of MSAA fixes several compatibility issues with programs and clients that use Active Accessibility. When you install this upgrade, your accessibility aids such as screen readers, voice-input utilities, and the Microsoft Magnifier performs better with a wider range of programs.

  26. Microsoft Wallet Version 3.0 Wallet version 3.0 improves the capabilities for merchants to easily extend Wallet to support additional credit card payment protocols. Developers can build support for their own custom encryption and payment instruction methods into the Credit Card Payment Module.

  27. NetMeeting Version 3.0 NetMeeting 3.0 is a smaller, easier to use interface, a Web-based directory for finding others, data security, as well as many other performance and ease-of-use benefits.

  28. Wake-On-LAN Wake-on-LAN enables a computer to be power-managed, yet available on the network. When a network interface card (NIC) and driver are installed, a computer can go into a low-power state and conserve energy. When activity to the computer from another computer on the network is detected, the NIC detects this, and "wakes up" the computer to respond to the request.

  29. Web-Based Enterprise Management (WBEM) WBEM is an industry standard you can use to administer Internet Web browser-based networked computers.

  30. WebTV for Windows Update The hardware updates in WebTV for Windows provide support for the ATI BT829 chip set and includes added support for the BT848, BT878 and BT879 chip sets. This update also provides support for WaveTop version 2.0. WaveTop is the nationwide data broadcast medium that is used to deliver multimedia content through existing television transmissions to your computer.

  31. Windows Media Player Version 6.2 The Windows Media Player offers FM-stereo quality audio over a modem, MP3 quality at a fraction of the normal file size, and more. With Windows Media Player, you can play most audio and video file types found on the Internet, as well as on your own computer.

  32. MSN, The Microsoft Network Version 5.0 MSN (originally The Microsoft Network) is a collection of Internet sites and services provided by Microsoft such as Hotmail and Messenger. This updated version of MSN is faster, easier, and is much more powerful than before.

  33. Troubleshooting The most common issue with Windows 98 SE is shutting down and/or restarting the computer When Windows 98 Second Edition does not shut down properly, it may appear to stop responding (hang) for several minutes while the following message is displayed on the screen: Please wait while your computer shuts down

  34. Troubleshooting (contd) Common Causes of Shutdown Problems Shutdown problems in Windows 98 Second Edition can be caused by any of the following issues: • The Fast Shutdown registry key is enabled. • There is a damaged Exit Windows sound file. • A program or terminate-and-stay-resident (TSR) program may not close correctly. • An incompatible, damaged, or conflicting device driver is loaded. • There is an incompatible Advanced Power Management (APM) or Advanced • There is an incompatible Basic Input/Output System (BIOS) configuration setting. • The computer contains incorrectly configured or damaged hardware. • There is a video adapter that is not assigned an IRQ in real mode. • Configuration and Power Interface (ACPI) setting.

  35. Solutions IRQ Steering This option allows several PCI devices to share the same interrupt request line (IRQ). If the BIOS is not fully compliant, this option may cause your computer not to shut down properly, even if two or more devices are not sharing an IRQ. To disable PCI bus IRQ Steering, follow these steps: • Click Start, point to Settings, click Control Panel, and then double-click System. • On the Device Manager tab, click System Devices. • Double-click PCI Bus, and then click to clear the Use IRQ Steering check box on the IRQ Steering tab. • Click OK, click OK, and then restart your computer. • After you restart the computer, attempt to shut down your computer again. Resume on Ring and LAN Disabling the “Resume on Ring and LAN” feature in the computer’s BIOS may solve some shutdown-related issues. For information about how to do so, contact your computer or BIOS manufacturer.

  36. Solutions (Contd) Plug and Play BIOS In some cases, the BIOS and Windows may not be communicating properly with the computer hardware during the shutdown process. You can configure Windows 98 Second Edition to ignore the presence of a Plug and Play BIOS and communicate directly with the hardware.  To configure Windows not to use the Plug and Play BIOS: • Restart your computer, and press and hold CTRL until you see the Windows 98 Startup menu. • Choose Command Prompt Only. • Type the following line at the command prompt: • cd \windows\system • Rename the Bios.vxd file to Bios.old. • Restart your computer. • After the computer restarts, attempt to shut down Windows. If the computer shuts down correctly, the system BIOS is likely to be contributing to the shutdown problems. Contact the motherboard or BIOS manufacturer for a possible update. 

  37. Solutions (contd) Antivirus Program – if you have an antivirus program that is configured to scan your floppy disk drive when you shut down your computer, your computer may stop responding.

  38. Windows 2000

  39. Agenda • Overview • Different versions • Requirements • Basic Troubleshooting

  40. Overview • Windows 2000 • Released on February 17, 2000 • Update Method: Windows update • Line of operating systems • Professional, Server, Advanced and Datacenter Server • All versions support Windows NT file system, NTFS 3.0 • Microsoft marketed as most secure Windows ever • Became a victim of several virus’s “Code Red” and “Nimba” • Still receives packages for security vulnerabilities

  41. Overview cont… • Windows 2000 is a continuation of the Windows NT • Replaced Windows NT • This was first Windows released without code name • Was suppose to replace Windows 98 and Windows NT 4.0 • Microsoft released Windows 98 SE • Logical Disk Manager • Simple Volume-disk space from one disk • Spanned Volume- 32 disks show up as one, increasing size but not enhancing performance. When one disk fails – all do • Striped Volume- RAID-0, store data on several disks

  42. Overview cont… • Introduced Microsoft Management Console • Used to create, save, and open administrative tools • The main tools are in Microsoft Management Console • Event viewer, disk management, removable storage, disk defrag, performance diagnostic console and service config • Recovery Console • Outside the installed copy of 2000 • From boot CD • Recover system from problems • Checks hard drive, repairs boot information, replace corrupt files

  43. Versions • Windows 2000 Professional • Basic home use • Fast Networking • Personalized menus • Supports Universal Serial Bus • Encrypted File Systems • Windows 2000 Server • Has all features of Professional • Improves manageability • High-level interfaces for databases • Microsoft Backoffice

  44. Versions cont… • Windows 2000 Advanced Server • All features of Professional and Server • Business applications • Increased reliability • User friendly • Supports 8-way symmetric multiprocessing and up to 8GB RAM • Windows 2000 Data Center Server • All features of Professional, Server and Advanced • Increased large networks • Supports 32-bit processors • Great for large enterprises • Increased performance

  45. Requirements • Windows 2000 Professional • Computer: IBM or 100% compatiable • Processor: Intel Pentium 333 MHz or better • Memory: 32 MB • Drives: 650 MB • Sound/Video: VGA • OS: Win 95, 98, NT 3.0 or 4.0 • Price: $300.00

  46. Requirements • Windows 2000 Server • Computer: IBM or 100% Compatible • Processor: Intel Pentium 133 Mhz or better • Memory: 256 MB • Drives: 1.0 GB • Sound/Video: VGA or higher • OS: Win NT Server 3.0 or 4.0 • Price: $900.00

  47. Requirements • Windows 2000 Advanced Server • Computer: IBM or 100% compatible • Processor: Intel Pentium 133 Mhz or better • Memory: 256 MB • Drives: 1.0 GB • Sound/Video: VGA or higher • OS: Win NT Server 3.5 or higher • Price: $3,600.00

  48. Requirements • Windows 2000 Data Center Server • Computer: IBM or 100% compatible • Processor: Pentium 3 or better • Memory: 256 MB • Drives: 2.0 GB • Sound/Video: VGA or better • OS: Any Windows 2000 package • Price: $3,999.00

  49. Basic Troubleshooting • Problem: • Error message encountered during boot before windows loads • Solution: • Make sure BIOS settings are configured correctly • Improper BIOS settings may cause various types of errors when first booting • Problems: • Error message while Windows is loading • Solution: • 1. Try loading last known good config • 2. Boot into safe mood • 3. Restore registry using scanreg

  50. Basic Troubleshooting • Problem: • Other error message after windows loads • Solutions: • Virus protection up-to-date • No viruses • Windows 2000 is up-to-date • Programs loading automatically make sure no errors are associated with them

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