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4 th Meeting of RAC/CP National Focal Points Barcelona 12-13 June 2003 CLEANER PRODUCTION

4 th Meeting of RAC/CP National Focal Points Barcelona 12-13 June 2003 CLEANER PRODUCTION IN TURKEY PROBLEMS AND PROSPECTS Selda MURAT Environmental Engineer, B.S., M.Sc. CONTENT. Related environmental legislation in Turkey General approach and problems encountered

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4 th Meeting of RAC/CP National Focal Points Barcelona 12-13 June 2003 CLEANER PRODUCTION

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  1. 4th Meeting of RAC/CP National Focal Points Barcelona 12-13 June 2003 CLEANER PRODUCTION IN TURKEY PROBLEMS AND PROSPECTS Selda MURAT Environmental Engineer, B.S., M.Sc.

  2. CONTENT • Related environmental legislation in Turkey • General approach and problems encountered • while CP applying • Opportunities • Activities to accomplish barriers • Results of activities • Requirements to achieve the targets • Cleaner Production projects

  3. RELATED ENVIRONMENTAL LEGISLATION IN TURKEY • Ministry of Environment and Forestry is responsible for development and application of environmental legislation • Environmental Regulations in Turkey focus on End of Pipe Treatment

  4. A GENERAL APPROACH AND BARRIERS IN CLEANER PRODUCTION IN TURKEY • Awareness problems “weak environmental awareness is a common problem” “Cleaner Production as a concept not fully understood in Turkey” “Used to conventional Production technology, suspect to CP” • Regulatory impediments “environmental policies focus on End Of Pipe treatment not CP” “not enough pressure to companies to reduce waste”

  5. A GENERAL APPROACH AND BARRIERS IN CLEANER PRODUCTION IN TURKEY • Financial barriers “firms underestimate CP benefits because of accounting problems” • Technical and technological barriers “these barriers include lack of in-house expertise on CP” “absence of readily available CP technologies that can be adopted directly”

  6. OPPORTUNITIES • Opportunities CP application in Turkey -There is a big movement on environmental policies and consequently CP applications in Turkey thanks to European Union adoption process. within adoption process according to MAPto prepare National Action Plan -The Preparation Baseline Budget under provision of the SAP -The Preparation of National Diagnostic Analysis for Turkey - Preparation of National Action Plan address to Land-Based sources. I. Stage Mediterranean Region of Turkey - Preparation of National Action Plan address to Land-Based sources. II. Stage Aegean Region of Turkey

  7. ACTIVITIES TO ACCOMPLISH BARRIERS • CP awareness - Meetings have been done with companies to increase CP application in Turkey - Textile industry has been chosen as a pilot industry because of its huge water consumption in process and high production capacity of textile industry in Turkey. Annual production of textile finishing in Turkey is approximately 1 million ton

  8. ACTIVITIES TO ACCOMPLISH BARRIERS • CP awareness -Organized a national nanotechnology workshop in April 2003. One of the topic was water management in process and reuse of wastewater “large attendence by companies and other scientific and technical organisations”

  9. ACTIVITIES TO ACCOMPLISH BARRIERS • Technical and technological solutions -Cooperations have been done to share experience with producers and suppliers in CP projects - Scientific and technical deliverables of CP studieshas been shared between universities, producers and suppliers

  10. ACTIVITIES TO ACCOMPLISH BARRIERS • Economic solutions -knowledge has been given about where and how loan or credits could be got -to find finance: Cooperations with entrepreneurs within CP projects is being assessed, to provide Built-Operate-Transfer

  11. RESULTS OF ACTIVITIES • Increase in demand especially for water management because of economic benefits Water price is variable in Turkey. Companies pay a levy for both the water consumed and the treated water discharged. The total cost of water processing would be 1-4,5 €/m3. Because of economic benefits there is an increase in demand for water management in process especially in textile companies which are in cities where water is high value

  12. REQUIREMENTS • Strenghten network between NFPs “cooperations and sharing experience” • Applicable real projects “the more knowledge about real application the easier convenience the companies” • More research projects funded by EU; MEDA, GEF, 6th Framework e.t.c “national funds are restrictive”

  13. CP PROJECTS 2002-2003 • Cleaner Production and Environmental Friendly Technologies Work Group There are five subgroups; -Industry Sector -Agriculture Sector -Energy Sector -Transportation Sector -Tourism Sector Report of Transportation subgroup was done about : “reduction of adverse affects of transportation activities on the environment and sustainable transportation policies for Turkey”

  14. CP PROJECTS 2002-2003 • EUREKA project SURVEYOR carried out “The project was about water management in a textile industry” The company is one of the biggest woollen polyester textile company in Turkey. The results of the project showed that it is possible to reuse % 75 percentage of wastewater “fluidised bed type brown coal reactors” Now the company is just reusing % 35 of process wastewater because of financial problems

  15. CP PROJECTS 2003- • MEDA project proposal ZERO-M “The project has not been officially committed yet” -Innovative wastewater treatment options for segregated domestic waste streams, management strategies for reuse/recycle applications for small and peripheral urban areas and related feasibility studies -To achieve reuse criteria by considering the local Mediterranean circumstances as well as the ease in operational conditions and cost aspects -Hence, achievement of zero discharge along with sustainable development

  16. CP PROJECTS 2003- • 6th framework programme project proposal : BIOMETECH “BIOTECHNOLOGY FOR METAL BEARING MATERIALS” Integrated project The project proposal will be retained for the second stage “Our work package is about bioleaching of metal content waste materials” -For biotreatment of metal wastes, also waste recovery

  17. CP PROJECTS 2003- • 6th framework programme project proposal VACORE-WS “VALUABLE COMPOUNDS RECLAIMING FROM WASTE STREAMS” Submitted for the first call as a Spesific Targeted Research project These new processes will be developed in the area producing sterolic compounds, using different potential resources – firstly waste streams from paper & pulp facilities, secondly wastes from sugar cane treatment Simultaneous research will be processed on chitosan matter

  18. THANK YOU VERY MUCH FOR YOUR LISTENING

  19. ENTREPRENEURS ORGANIZATION IN TURKEY • Entrepreneurs Organization in Turkey Ministry of Industry and Commerce is responsible for development and application of legislation related to industry • In Turkey, merchants and industrialists are obliged to register to chambers of commerce or commodity exchanges in their respective region and categorized according to their sectors

  20. ENTREPRENEURS ORGANIZATION IN TURKEY • Commerce and Industry Chambers • Chambers of Commerce and Industry, within its institutional duties and responsibilities defined in related law and legislation, aims at fulfilling customers’ needs completely, correctly and timely, while considering the public interest and members’ demands, in a fair and trustworthy manner .

  21. ENTREPRENEURS ORGANIZATION IN TURKEY • The Union of Chambers and Commodity Exchanges of Turkey (TOBB) The largest civilian economical organisation of Turkey, also a semi-public organisation The General Assembly of TOBB is composed of the representatives of 359 chambers and commodity exchanges across Turkey   .

  22. ENTREPRENEURS ORGANIZATION IN TURKEY • The Union of Chambers and Commodity Exchanges of Turkey (TOBB) The main aim of TOBB -Providing and supporting the unity and solidarity between chambers and commodity exchanges and as well as developing trade and industry sector according to their general interests, facilitating professional activities, giving priority to public approach in confidence and honesty, protecting professional ethics and discipline  .

  23. ENTREPRENEURS ORGANIZATION IN TURKEY • OrganizedIndustrial Districts There are Organized Industrial Districts in Turkey. Some of them are specialized on an industry, some of them are composite The Organized Industrial Districts work in contact with Ministry of Industry and Commerce

  24. ENTREPRENEURS ORGANIZATION IN TURKEY • Associations • There are associations categorized according to industrial sectors. Such as; • Leather Tanning Industrial Association of Turkey • Chemistry Industrial Association of Turkey e.t.c

  25. ENTREPRENEURS ORGANIZATION IN TURKEY Ministry of Industry and Commerce The Union of Chambers and Commodity Exchanges (TOBB) OrganizedIndustrial Districts Industry Chambers of Industry and Commerce Associations according to industrial sectors Industry

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