Standards

1. PDES (Product Definition Exchange Specification) ISO/STEP (International Standards Organization) Standards Merged in January 1991 IDEF (tentatively) the implementation language for the merged effort GARM (General AEC Reference Model from TNO) Formalizing movement from an industrial age to an information age!

2. GARM and PDU GARM General AEC Reference Model upon which application models are developed ("buildings," "roads," "bridges,' "plants," etc.) written in English by researchers at the TNO-IBBC A Netherlands organization for applied scientific research; Institute for Building Materials and Structures Based on a non-geometrical core called the PDU (Product Definition Unit). A PDU is any part of the product worth recording and exchanging information about

3. A New Paradigm The Barker Project formalizes the movement from an industrial age paradigm to an information age paradigm A profound change in the way things are built. A significant change in the finances of construction. A way of providing integration and rational performance driven design.

4. Art vs Performance Artists do not design airplanes. Real beauty comes from performance. Design should be tied to performance.

5. The Information Bridge What is the information equivalent to Henry Ford's Assembly Line? ? ? ? Systems of Information Delivery of Product The Gap

6. Significant Changes Information designing provides improvement (at least an order of magnitude) in understanding the data meanings required to undertake a major project Information Designing will overtake the construction industry overnight It simply needs to be successfully demonstrated

7. The Problem Urban systems are collapsing because they are not seamless. The design of each building is done in complete isolation from its participation in the system. But the bright side is every time a system collapses there is a desire for a new solution.

8. Start with a properly designed community for the elderly The Solution Look at projects as an organic system where individual designs are in a larger framework, i.e. The Natural Setting. Use Net Technologies. For example, mixing new composite building materials and space-frame technology: provides UV Stability, Strength, Corrosion Protection and there are plentiful sources of raw materials from refinery byproducts (petroleum and carbon fibers ). Take plenty of time to properly plan, test subassembly components and market test the ideas. Do not create out of discrete pieces on site, but go from the raw materials to the finished product in a single step.

9. Tune the design so that the built form system will perform optimally within the natural system The Objective Eliminate all conflict between the two basic systems Design with nature and not from nature Live with nature and not on nature

10. Philosophical Foundation The Designers: Louis Henri Sullivan Frank Lloyd Wright Paolo Soleri Bruce Goff Ian L. McHarg The Thinkers: Sir Thomas Moore Thomas Jefferson Henry David Thoreau Mahatma Gandhi Buckminster Fuller

11. A small office building represented as an n-manifold can be used for several applications: -energy-calculations -bills of quantities -functional requirements -specifications -global technical solutions After selection of technical solutions a solid model can be generated. Product Model After TNO

12. The Product Definition Unit (PDU) is a non-geometrical core entity that shows the abstraction mechanisms in the GARM PDU Life Cycle After TNO

13. Diverse PDU Specialization The PDU is a central entity class After TNO

14. Budget Constraints FU-TS "Hamburgers" Maintenance Requirements Functional Requirements Functional Unit (FU) Strength Requirements Technical Solution (TS) Shape Mechanical Properties Material Properties Actual Cost After TNO

15. Modeling CIM-Architecture Function model Product Model CIM Tools After TNO

16. Relating the Three Worlds Function can be performed by performs produces Product Data CIM-Tool requires After TNO