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Realism

Realism. Time: Mid 19 th Century Themes: Rejection of Romanticism, Depiction of ordinary people in ordinary situations Characteristics: Lack of drama, landscapes, subjects were common people, instead of aristocrats, emperors, mythical or classical figures

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Realism

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  1. Realism • Time: Mid 19th Century • Themes: Rejection of Romanticism, Depiction of ordinary people in ordinary situations • Characteristics: Lack of drama, landscapes, subjects were common people, instead of aristocrats, emperors, mythical or classical figures • Major Figures: Courbet, Millet, Daumier • Areas of Influence: France and the Netherlands • Key Words: Everyday life, Work

  2. The Gleaners- Jean-Francois Millet (1857)

  3. The Stone Breakers- Gustave Courbet (1850)

  4. Impressionism • Time: Late 19th century • Themes: Depiction of how the world is experienced; primacy of color over lines; candid scenes of ordinary people • Characteristics: Small, thin, choppy brush strokes; emphasis on the depiction of light; painting was done outside; depiction of movement • Major Figures: Manet, Monet, Renoir, Cezanne • Areas of Influence: France • Key Words: Light, Outdoors, little detail

  5. Impression, Sunrise- Claude Monet (1872)

  6. A Bar at the Folies-Bergere- EdouardManet (1882)

  7. Hay Harvest at Eragny- Camille Pissarro(1901)

  8. Post-Impressionism • Time: 1886-1914 • Themes: Extended the techniques of Impressionism while avoiding its limitations; they thought Impressionists had lost focus and structure • Characteristics: more detailed than Impressionism; deemphasized use of light; Pointillism- small distinct dots are used to create an image; large brush strokes, as in Van Gogh; not a unified school • Major Figures: Van Gogh, Cezanne, Gauguin, Seurat, Toulouse-Lautrec • Areas of Influence: France, • Key Words: Pointillism, structure, thick brush strokes

  9. Sunday Afternoon on the Island of La Grand Jatte- George Seurat (1885)

  10. The Bathers- Paul Cezanne (1900)

  11. The Round of the Prisoners- Vincent Van Gogh (1890)

  12. Expressionism • Time: Early 20th Century • Themes: Subjective portrayal of the world; express emotions like panic, anxiety, and terror; influenced by Freud’s theory of the unconscious; concern with expressing the artist’s emotions instead of reproducing an event or object. • Characteristics: Two-dimensional; bold colors; distorted subjects; paintings that induce strong emotional reactions • Major Figures: Klee, Munch, Kirchner, Kandinsky, Van Gogh • Areas of Influence: Germany and Austria • Key Words: anxiety, dark

  13. The Scream- Edvard Munch (1910)

  14. Erna- Ernst Ludwig Kirchner (1930)

  15. Cubism • Time: after 1910 • Themes: Radical break with the ancient idea that the purpose of art is to mirror reality; influenced by African, Native American, and other “primitive” art • Characteristics: fragmented subjects; focus on shape and color; multiple perspectives of object presented at once; objects are “broken apart” and put back together into a composite of simple shapes, creating a disjointed image; brown and other neutral colors • Major Figures: Picasso, Braque, Leger, Gris • Areas of Influence: France, Eastern Europe • Key Words: Shapes, non-representational, avant-garde

  16. Portrait of Picasso- Juan Gris (1912)

  17. Portrait of Daniel-Henry Kahnweiler- Pablo Picasso (1910)

  18. Contrast Questions • Respond to one of these prompts in a single paragraph, 6-7 sentences long. • Your response should consider both the different artistic schools and the historical context in which the works were painted. • Contrast how the state and military forces are depicted in David’s Napoleon Crossing the Alps and Goya’sThe Third of May. • Contrast the depiction of workers in Pissarro’s Hay Harvest at Eragnyand Courbet’s The Stone Breakers. • Contrast the depiction of women in two of the following: Manet’sA Bar at the Folies-Bergere, Seurat’s Sunday Afternoon, or Kirchner’s Erna • Contrast the depiction of dreams, nightmares, and the mind in Fuseli’s The Nightmare and Munch’s The Scream.

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