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Bell Work!

Bell Work!. Use pages 266-274 in your science book to answer the following questions. Draw and label the parts of a neuron. pg.267 Compare and contrast the central and peripheral nervous system. Explain why you have trouble falling asleep after drinking several cups of hot cocoa.

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Bell Work!

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  1. Bell Work! Use pages 266-274 in your science book to answer the following questions. • Draw and label the parts of a neuron. pg.267 • Compare and contrast the central and peripheral nervous system. • Explain why you have trouble falling asleep after drinking several cups of hot cocoa. • Explain the advantage of having reflexes controlled by the spinal cord. • Think critically. Explain why many medications caution the consumer no to operate heavy machinery.

  2. The Senses Chapter 10 section 2 http://kstilley.files.wordpress.com/2009/09/senses.jpg

  3. The Body's Alert System Danger …danger… code red alert! An unidentified vessel has entered the spaceship’s energy force field. All crew members are to be on alert!” Light rays, sound waves, heat, chemicals, or pressure that come into your personal territory will stimulate your sense organs. Your body has five senses. Just like a spaceship in the movies, your body has an alert system too. http://www.faizani.com/online_library/G1/images/brain_senses.jpg

  4. Sense Organs Sense organs carry messages about the environment to the central nervous system.

  5. Vision is your ability to see. Vision • Light enters your eye, and the cornea and lens focus it onto the retina. • The light stimulates the rods and cones, two types of cells found in your retina. • Retina is a tissue at the back of the eye that is sensitive to light • Rods respond to dim light • Cones respond to bright light and color • The rods and cones send impulses to the optic nerve, which carries them to the visual area of the cortex. • The image transmitted from the retina to the brain is upside down and reversed. • Your brain interprets the image correctly, and you “see.” https://www.dratiq.co.uk/catalog/images/2020%20Vision%20Mix.jpg

  6. The Parts of the Eye The black part of the eye is the pupil. The pupil becomes larger and smaller as it controls the light coming into the eye. Pupil Iris The colored part of the eye is the iris. http://www.thedeafblog.co.uk/Bionic%20eye.jpg

  7. Lenses • Light is refracted when it passes through a lens. • Concave lens, thicker at edge than in middle, corrects nearsightedness. • Convex lens, thicker in middle than at edge, corrects farsightedness. • Nearsightedness occurs when light is focused in front of the retina. • Farsightedness occurs when light is focused behind the retina. https://www.taikoeyework.com/images/1-56-Lens-Optical-Lenses-In-65-70-And-72mm.jpeg

  8. Correcting Vision Problems • Do you wear contact lenses or eyeglasses to correct your vision? • Are you nearsighted or farsighted? • When the eyeball is too long from front to back the light from the object is focused in front of the retina not being able to focus a sharp image this is nearsightedness. • When the eyeball is too short from front to back the light from the object is focused behind the retina, being able to see a clearer image further this is farsightedness. http://farm4.static.flickr.com/3257/2845583770_fb8deab48b.jpg

  9. When a sound is made, the air around the sound vibrates. Hearing Hearing is when an object vibrates, it produces sound waves necessary for hearing sound http://farm1.static.flickr.com/27/43319090_7ce7949585_o.jpg

  10. The Outer Ear and Middle Ear • Your outer ear catches sound waves and funnels them down the ear canal to the middle ear. • In the middle ear, the sound waves cause the eardrum to vibrate, and these vibrations move through tiny bones—the hammer, anvil, and stirrup. http://www.health.state.ny.us/nysdoh/antibiotic/ear.gif

  11. The Inner Ear The inner ear is made of the cochlea and liquid. The cochlea is a fluid-filled structure that looks like a snail’s shell. In the inner ear, the vibrations cause the fluids in the cochlea to vibrate, stimulating nerve endings. http://courses.cit.cornell.edu/psych431_nbb421/student2005/vbs5/inner%20ear.jpg

  12. The Ear and Balance The ear works with the brain to control your balance. The stimulated nerve endings send impulses to the brain, where the stimulus is interpreted. The cristae ampullaris and maculae in the middle ear control the body’s movement. The liquid in your ear moves when we move. The liquid movement sends information to the brain to tell it how we are moving. http://thumb2.visualizeus.com/thumbs/08/11/01/balance,black,and,white,dress,girl,photography,rails,railway,tracks,walking,woman-e3b0a57db379f7e933dd1f0153e4aaea_m.jpg

  13. The nose controls your sense of smell. Smell • The nose is able to smell 80 different kinds of smells. • Smell can determine which foods you eat, strong memories, or feelings. • Food and other objects give off molecules into the air. • These molecules stimulate nerve cells, called olfactory cells, in your nasal passages. • The olfactory cells send impulses to the brain, where the stimulus is interpreted. http://cache4.asset-cache.net/xc/AA035558.jpg?v=1&c=IWSAsset&k=2&d=EDF6F2F4F969CEBD4F94003E9E735FF3BBD5334BDAEE81B3DBAE9EFB57B21AF7

  14. http://cache2.asset-cache.net/xc/BF0945-001.jpg?v=1&c=IWSAsset&k=2&d=F5B5107058D53DF52F2B17249A1E16B7B7AA3BE9BBEC030D95B88035444949E6E30A760B0D811297http://cache2.asset-cache.net/xc/BF0945-001.jpg?v=1&c=IWSAsset&k=2&d=F5B5107058D53DF52F2B17249A1E16B7B7AA3BE9BBEC030D95B88035444949E6E30A760B0D811297 Your sense of taste comes from the taste buds in the tongue. Taste Taste buds on your tongue are the major sensory receptors for taste. You have about 10,000 taste buds all over your tongue. When the solution of saliva and food washes over the taste buds, impulses are sent to the brain, where the stimulus is interpreted. The five kinds of taste sensations on your tongue are sweet, sour, bitter, salty, and MSG.

  15. Smell & Taste http://www-psych.stanford.edu/~lera/psych115s/notes/lecture11/images/tongue2.jpg • Smell and taste are related. • The sense of smell is needed to identify some foods such as chocolate. • When saliva is mixed with food, odors travel up the nasal passage in the back of your throat. • So when you have a stuffy nose and some foods seem tasteless, it may be because the food’s molecules are blocked from contacting the olfactory cells in your nasal passages.

  16. The sense of touch is located in the skin. Touch The nerves in the skin allow us to feel texture, pressure, heat, cold, and pain. Sensory receptors are found in our internal organs and brain. Sensory receptors pick up changes in touch, pressure, pain, and temperature and send impulses to the brain or spinal cord. Sensory receptors are also throughout your skin. All of your body’s senses work together to protect itself from harm. http://www.istockphoto.com/file_thumbview_approve/1455793/2/istockphoto_1455793-mommy-s-loving-touch-black-white.jpg

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