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The Periodic Table

The Periodic Table. The Periodic Table. The Table in General. Columns Called groups Elements in a group have similar chemical and physical properties As you go from top to bottom elements get larger Atoms get larger in size. Smallest Element #1. Largest Element #114.

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The Periodic Table

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  1. The Periodic Table

  2. The Periodic Table

  3. The Table in General • Columns • Called groups • Elements in a group have similar chemical and physical properties • As you go from top to bottom elements get larger • Atoms get larger in size

  4. Smallest Element #1 Largest Element #114

  5. The Table in General • Rows: (Periods) • First elements very active solids • Last element non reactive gas

  6. Rows: (Periods) Reactive Metallic Solid Non-Reactive Non-Metallic Gas

  7. The Table in General • Rows: (Periods) • Get less reactive as you move from left to right • Atoms become less metallic left to right

  8. Rows: (Periods) More Reactive More Metallic Less Reactive Less Metallic

  9. Color all these elements one color and add it to your key One electron in the valence shell Soft less dense metals Most reactive of all metals React violently with water to form bases Never found free (alone) in nature Found in soap, salt, baking soda 1. Alkali Metals

  10. Periodic Table of the Elements 1- New designation IA- Original designation Alkali Metals ___________ ___________ ___________ ___________ ___________ ___________ ___________ ___________ ___________ 18 VIIIA 1 2 IIA 13 IIIA 14 IVA 15 VA 16 VIA 17 VIIA 2 3 3 IIIB 4 IVB 5 VB 6 VIB 7 VIIB 8 9 VIIIB 10 11 IB 12 IIB 4 5 6 7 Rare Earth Elements Lanthanide Series Actinide Series

  11. 2. Alkaline Earth Metals • Color all these elements one color and add it to your key • Two electrons in the valence shell • Harder, higher melting point and more dense than Alkali • Also highly reactive • Never found free in nature

  12. Periodic Table of the Elements 1- New designation IA- Original designation Alkali Metals ___________ Alkaline Earth ___________ ___________ ___________ ___________ ___________ ___________ ___________ 18 VIIIA 1 2 IIA 13 IIIA 14 IVA 15 VA 16 VIA 17 VIIA 2 3 3 IIIB 4 IVB 5 VB 6 VIB 7 VIIB 8 9 VIIIB 10 11 IB 12 IIB 4 5 6 7 Rare Earth Elements Lanthanide Series Actinide Series

  13. 3 – 12 Transition Elements • Color all these elements one color and add it to your key • One or two valence electrons • Good conductors of heat and electricity • Higher melting point than either of the first two families • Some are hard and brittle • Combine with oxygen to form oxides • Form brightly colored compounds

  14. Periodic Table of the Elements 1- New designation IA- Original designation Alkali Metals ___________ Alkaline Earth ___________ Transition ___________ ___________ ___________ ___________ ___________ 18 VIIIA 1 2 IIA 13 IIIA 14 IVA 15 VA 16 VIA 17 VIIA 2 3 3 IIIB 4 IVB 5 VB 6 VIB 7 VIIB 8 9 VIIIB 10 11 IB 12 IIB 4 5 6 7 Rare Earth Elements Lanthanide Series Actinide Series

  15. Rare Earth Elements • Color all these elements one color label their names and add it to your key • 1st row Lanthanide Series: Soft, malleable, high luster, great conductors, used to make alloys (mixed with other elements to gain more desirable properties than the element alone) • All elements have very similar properties

  16. Rare Earth Elements • Color all these elements one color label their names and add it to your key • 2nd row Actinide Series: All but three are synthetic (man made) • Best known are Uranium and plutonium which are used as nuclear fuels

  17. Periodic Table of the Elements 1- New designation IA- Original designation Alkali Metals ___________ Alkaline Earth ___________ Transition ___________ Rare Earth ___________ ___________ ___________ 18 VIIIA 1 2 IIA 13 IIIA 14 IVA 15 VA 16 VIA 17 VIIA 2 3 3 IIIB 4 IVB 5 VB 6 VIB 7 VIIB 8 9 VIIIB 10 11 IB 12 IIB 4 5 6 7 Rare Earth Elements Lanthanide Series Actinide Series

  18. 3 Periodic Table Questions • What are rows called? • What are columns called? • List 2 of the 4 families discussed yesterday

  19. 13 Boron Family • Color all these elements one color and add it to your key • Three electrons in the valence shell • Aluminum is the most abundant metal in earth’s crust

  20. Periodic Table of the Elements 1- New designation IA- Original designation Alkali Metals ___________ Alkaline Earth ___________ Transition ___________ Rare Earth ___________ Boron Family ___________ 18 VIIIA 1 2 IIA 13 IIIA 14 IVA 15 VA 16 VIA 17 VIIA 2 3 3 IIIB 4 IVB 5 VB 6 VIB 7 VIIB 8 9 VIIIB 10 11 IB 12 IIB 4 5 6 7 Rare Earth Elements Lanthanide Series Actinide Series

  21. 14 Carbon Family • Color all these elements one color and add it to your key • Four electrons in the valence shell • Forms organic compounds (contains carbon) • Tin resists oxidation and corrosion • Oxidation means to combine with oxygen • Corrosion means destruction by chemical reaction • Lead is very dense and poisonous

  22. Periodic Table of the Elements 1- New designation IA- Original designation Alkali Metals Carbon Alkaline Earth ___________ Transition ___________ Rare Earth ___________ Boron Family ___________ 18 VIIIA 1 2 IIA 13 IIIA 14 IVA 15 VA 16 VIA 17 VIIA 2 3 3 IIIB 4 IVB 5 VB 6 VIB 7 VIIB 8 9 VIIIB 10 11 IB 12 IIB 4 5 6 7 Rare Earth Elements Lanthanide Series Actinide Series

  23. 15 Nitrogen Family • Color all these elements one color and add it to your key • 5 electrons in the outer shell • Nitrogen : Most abundant element in earths atmosphere • Phosphorus: Match tips • Arsenic: rat poison

  24. Periodic Table of the Elements 1- New designation IA- Original designation Alkali Metals Carbon Alkaline Earth Nitrogen Transition ___________ Rare Earth ___________ Boron Family ___________ 18 VIIIA 1 2 IIA 13 IIIA 14 IVA 15 VA 16 VIA 17 VIIA 2 3 3 IIIB 4 IVB 5 VB 6 VIB 7 VIIB 8 9 VIIIB 10 11 IB 12 IIB 4 5 6 7 Rare Earth Elements Lanthanide Series Actinide Series

  25. 16 Oxygen Family • Color all these elements one color and add it to your key • 6 electrons in outer shell • Oxygen: Very reactive, combines with most other elements, supports burning • Sulfur, Selenium, Tellurium: brittle, make variety of compounds

  26. Periodic Table of the Elements 1- New designation IA- Original designation Alkali Metals Carbon Alkaline Earth Nitrogen Transition Oxygen Rare Earth ___________ Boron Family ___________ 18 VIIIA 1 2 IIA 13 IIIA 14 IVA 15 VA 16 VIA 17 VIIA 2 3 3 IIIB 4 IVB 5 VB 6 VIB 7 VIIB 8 9 VIIIB 10 11 IB 12 IIB 4 5 6 7 Rare Earth Elements Lanthanide Series Actinide Series

  27. 17 Halogen Family • Color all these elements one color and add it to your key • Seven electrons in the valence shell • Name comes from two Greek words, Halo Gens, this means- Salt Producing. • Most chemically reactive non-metals • Never found free in nature • As gases form diatomic elements ex: F2, Cl2 • Combine with metals to form salts ex: NaCl= table salt

  28. Periodic Table of the Elements 1- New designation IA- Original designation Alkali Metals Carbon Alkaline Earth Nitrogen Transition Oxygen Rare Earth Halogen Boron Family ___________ 18 VIIIA 1 2 IIA 13 IIIA 14 IVA 15 VA 16 VIA 17 VIIA 2 3 3 IIIB 4 IVB 5 VB 6 VIB 7 VIIB 8 9 VIIIB 10 11 IB 12 IIB 4 5 6 7 Rare Earth Elements Lanthanide Series Actinide Series

  29. 18 Noble Gases • Color all these elements one color and add it to your key • Full Valence (outer electron) shell, He 2 electrons the rest 8 electrons • Do not combine with other elements under normal circumstances • He- balloons, Ne- signs, Ar- fill in windows, Xe- photographic lamps, Rn- Treats cancer

  30. Periodic Table of the Elements 1- New designation IA- Original designation Alkali Metals Carbon Alkaline Earth Nitrogen Transition Oxygen Rare Earth Halogen Boron Family Noble Gases 18 VIIIA 1 2 IIA 13 IIIA 14 IVA 15 VA 16 VIA 17 VIIA 2 3 3 IIIB 4 IVB 5 VB 6 VIB 7 VIIB 8 9 VIIIB 10 11 IB 12 IIB 4 5 6 7 Rare Earth Elements Lanthanide Series Actinide Series

  31. Hydrogen- All alone • Color this element one color and add it to your key • One valence electron • Properties are not like any other group • Highly reactive • Highly combustible • Colorless, gas at room temperature

  32. Periodic Table of the Elements 1- New designation IA- Original designation Alkali Metals Carbon Alkaline Earth Nitrogen Transition Oxygen Rare Earth Halogen Boron Family Noble Gases 18 VIIIA 1 2 IIA 13 IIIA 14 IVA 15 VA 16 VIA 17 VIIA 2 3 3 IIIB 4 IVB 5 VB 6 VIB 7 VIIB 8 9 VIIIB 10 11 IB 12 IIB 4 5 6 7 Rare Earth Elements Lanthanide Series Actinide Series

  33. Metalloids: Draw the step ladder & identify the metalloids (use spots) • Draw in the step ladder and mark the Metalloids.

  34. Non-Metal: Identify the non-metals (use stripes) • Mark the Non-Metals

  35. Family Ties Review • Vertical lines _________________________ • Horizontal rows________________________ • Most elements are _______________________ • Elements on the zigzag are __________________ • Elements in the top right are _________________ • 1 electron reactive family____________________ • 2 electron reactive family____________________ • 3-12 families______________________________ • Elements that form salts_____________________ • Elements that do not react___________________ • First row that is pulled out ___________________ • Second row that is pulled out _________________

  36. Family Ties Review • Vertical lines Families • Horizontal rows________________________ • Most elements are _______________________ • Elements on the zigzag are __________________ • Elements in the top right are _________________ • 1 electron reactive family____________________ • 2 electron reactive family____________________ • 3-12 families______________________________ • Elements that form salts_____________________ • Elements that do not react___________________ • First row that is pulled out ___________________ • Second row that is pulled out _________________

  37. Family Ties Review • Vertical lines Families • Horizontal rows Periods • Most elements are _______________________ • Elements on the zigzag are __________________ • Elements in the top right are _________________ • 1 electron reactive family____________________ • 2 electron reactive family____________________ • 3-12 families______________________________ • Elements that form salts_____________________ • Elements that do not react___________________ • First row that is pulled out ___________________ • Second row that is pulled out _________________

  38. Family Ties Review • Vertical lines Families • Horizontal rows Periods • Most elements are Metals • Elements on the zigzag are __________________ • Elements in the top right are _________________ • 1 electron reactive family____________________ • 2 electron reactive family____________________ • 3-12 families______________________________ • Elements that form salts_____________________ • Elements that do not react___________________ • First row that is pulled out ___________________ • Second row that is pulled out _________________

  39. Family Ties Review • Vertical lines Families • Horizontal rows Periods • Most elements are Metals • Elements on the zigzag are Metalloids • Elements in the top right are _________________ • 1 electron reactive family____________________ • 2 electron reactive family____________________ • 3-12 families______________________________ • Elements that form salts_____________________ • Elements that do not react___________________ • First row that is pulled out ___________________ • Second row that is pulled out _________________

  40. Family Ties Review • Vertical lines Families • Horizontal rows Periods • Most elements are Metals • Elements on the zigzag are Metalloids • Elements in the top right are Non-Metals • 1 electron reactive family____________________ • 2 electron reactive family____________________ • 3-12 families______________________________ • Elements that form salts_____________________ • Elements that do not react___________________ • First row that is pulled out ___________________ • Second row that is pulled out _________________

  41. Family Ties Review • Vertical lines Families • Horizontal rows Periods • Most elements are Metals • Elements on the zigzag are Metalloids • Elements in the top right are Non-Metals • 1 electron reactive family Alkali Metals • 2 electron reactive family____________________ • 3-12 families______________________________ • Elements that form salts_____________________ • Elements that do not react___________________ • First row that is pulled out ___________________ • Second row that is pulled out _________________

  42. Family Ties Review • Vertical lines Families • Horizontal rows Periods • Most elements are Metals • Elements on the zigzag are Metalloids • Elements in the top right are Non-Metals • 1 electron reactive family Alkali Metals • 2 electron reactive family Alkaline Earth • 3-12 families______________________________ • Elements that form salts_____________________ • Elements that do not react___________________ • First row that is pulled out ___________________ • Second row that is pulled out _________________

  43. Family Ties Review • Vertical lines Families • Horizontal rows Periods • Most elements are Metals • Elements on the zigzag are Metalloids • Elements in the top right are Non-Metals • 1 electron reactive family Alkali Metals • 2 electron reactive family Alkaline Earth • 3-12 families Transition Elements • Elements that form salts_____________________ • Elements that do not react___________________ • First row that is pulled out ___________________ • Second row that is pulled out _________________

  44. Family Ties Review • Vertical lines Families • Horizontal rows Periods • Most elements are Metals • Elements on the zigzag are Metalloids • Elements in the top right are Non-Metals • 1 electron reactive family Alkali Metals • 2 electron reactive family Alkaline Earth • 3-12 families Transition Elements • Elements that form salts Halogens • Elements that do not react___________________ • First row that is pulled out ___________________ • Second row that is pulled out _________________

  45. Family Ties Review • Vertical lines Families • Horizontal rows Periods • Most elements are Metals • Elements on the zigzag are Metalloids • Elements in the top right are Non-Metals • 1 electron reactive family Alkali Metals • 2 electron reactive family Alkaline Earth • 3-12 families Transition Elements • Elements that form salts Halogens • Elements that do not react Nobel Gasses • First row that is pulled out ___________________ • Second row that is pulled out _________________

  46. Family Ties Review • Vertical lines Families • Horizontal rows Periods • Most elements are Metals • Elements on the zigzag are Metalloids • Elements in the top right are Non-Metals • 1 electron reactive family Alkali Metals • 2 electron reactive family Alkaline Earth • 3-12 families Transition Elements • Elements that form salts Halogens • Elements that do not react Nobel Gasses • First row that is pulled out Lanthanide Series • Second row that is pulled out _________________

  47. Family Ties Review • Vertical lines Families • Horizontal rows Periods • Most elements are Metals • Elements on the zigzag are Metalloids • Elements in the top right are Non-Metals • 1 electron reactive family Alkali Metals • 2 electron reactive family Alkaline Earth • 3-12 families Transition Elements • Elements that form salts Halogens • Elements that do not react Nobel Gasses • First row that is pulled out Lanthanide Series • Second row that is pulled out Actinide Series

  48. 1. Element Chlorine Element Example Cl 2. Symbol 35.453 3. Atomic Mass 17 4. Atomic number 17 5. Family 6. Period 3

  49. 1. Element __________________ 2. Symbol___________________ 3. Atomic Mass________________ 4. Atomic number______________ 5. Family____________________ 6. Period____________________ 6

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