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ME444 ENGINEERING PIPING SYSTEM DESIGN

ME444 ENGINEERING PIPING SYSTEM DESIGN. CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION. TENTATIVE SCHEDULE. BEFORE MIDTERM: THEORY OF FLOW IN PIPE, PIPE SIZING, PIPING MATERIALS, PUMP SELECTION AFTER MIDTERM: DESIGN OF VARIOUS PIPING SYSTEMS FOR BUILDINGS AND INDUSTRIES Web: http://dulyachot.me.engr.tu.ac.th/me444.

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ME444 ENGINEERING PIPING SYSTEM DESIGN

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  1. ME444 ENGINEERING PIPING SYSTEM DESIGN CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION

  2. TENTATIVE SCHEDULE • BEFORE MIDTERM: THEORY OF FLOW IN PIPE, PIPE SIZING, PIPING MATERIALS, PUMP SELECTION • AFTER MIDTERM: DESIGN OF VARIOUS PIPING SYSTEMS FOR BUILDINGS AND INDUSTRIES Web: http://dulyachot.me.engr.tu.ac.th/me444

  3. CONTENTS • INTRODUCTION • STANDARDS • BASIC UNITS • BASIC FLOW IN PIPE • QUICK LOOK AT PIPE DRAWINGS

  4. 1. INTRODUCTION PIPING SYSTEMS EXIST IN EVERY ENGINEERING APPLICATION. APPLICATIONS: PLUMBING, FIRE PROTECTION, PROCESS, AIR-CONDITIONING, REFRIGERATION, VENTILATION, COMPRESSED GAS, STEAM FUNCTION: TRANSMIT FLUID AT A PREFERED RATE TO THE DESTINATIONS WITH PREFERRED PROPERTIES (I.E. PRESSURE, TEMPERATURE) SESSION 1 MAIN REFERENCE: PUMPING STATION DESIGN

  5. DESIGN CONCEPT SOURCE PIPING SYSTEM END USERS

  6. PIPING SYSTEM DESIGN END USERS’ REQUIREMENTS SOURCE PRESSURE TEMPERATURE … FLOW PRESSURE TEMPERATURE … PIPING SYSTEM PIPE MATERIAL THICKNESS PATHS SIZES PUMP MATERIAL TYPE SIZE VALVE & ACC.

  7. 2. STANDARDS

  8. ASME STANDARDS

  9. STANDARDS

  10. STANDARDS

  11. STANDARDS British Standard Deutsches Institut für Normung Japanese Industrial Standard Old mark (expired)

  12. 3. BASIC UNITS PIPE SIZE: INCHES, mm. PIPE LENGTH: FEET, METRES VOLUME: CU.M., CU.FT., LITRES, GALLONS FLOWRATE: GPM, CU.M./H, LPS, LPM, CFM PRESSURE: PSI, BAR, m.WG., KG/CM2 POWER: KW, HP STUDENTS MUST HAVE THE CONVERSION FACTORS

  13. 7 basic quantities

  14. Basic conversion Length Mass

  15. Temperature

  16. Area Length Mass

  17. Volume

  18. Volume Flowrate

  19. Velocity

  20. Pressure

  21. Energy

  22. Heat Flowrate and Power

  23. Viscosity ความหนืดสัมบูรณ์

  24. Viscosity ความหนืดเชิงจลนศาสตร์

  25. Water Properties

  26. GUAGE PRESSURE Pguage = Pabsolute - Patm Pguage is obtained from pressure measuring device.

  27. Atmospheric pressure Patm varies with altitude

  28. Pressure at sea level P = rgh At sea level Patm = 101.3 kPa Water can be drawn upto h = Patm/rwaterg = ?? m Patm

  29. Pressure and elevation • In theory 1 barg of pressure can drive water up 10.2 m with zero flow. • Municipal Water Authority (MWA) attempt to deliver water at 2 barg. • 2 barg = 20.4 m.WG.  = 6Floors !! • In practical situations, pressure drops in main and branch pipes, water hardly reach 2nd floor, so people use pump.

  30. It’s illegal to pump water from city main M M M M

  31. 4. BASIC FLOW IN PIPE

  32. Flow Pattern LAMINAR or TURBULENCE ? Re < 2000 Re > 10000

  33. REYNOLDS NUMBER Inertia vs. Viscous Effect WATER FLOW AT 1.2 m/s IN A ½” PIPE =TURBULENT

  34. LOSS MAJOR LOSS: LOSS IN PIPE MINOR LOSS: LOSS IN FITTINGS AND VALVES

  35. LOSS IN PIPE LOSS IN PIPE CAUSED BY FRICTION BETWEEN FLUID AND PIPE SURFACE. FRICTION CAN BE RELATED TO SHEAR STRESS. PA PB A B

  36. VELOCITY AND LOSS A B LOSS IN PIPE VARIES WITH SQUARE OF FLUID VELOCITY

  37. FLOW AND LOSS FLUID VELOCITY IS RELATED TO THE FLOW RATE VIA PIPE SIZE THUS.. C = f (DIAMETER, ROUGHNESS)

  38. FRICTION LOSS CHART VELOCITY DIAMETER DESIGN VELOCITY 1.2 TO 2.4 m/s

  39. FRICTION LOSS EQUATION HAZEN-WILLIAMS EQUATION (SI UNIT) DARCY WEISBACH EQUATION READING ASSIGNMENT: 3-2 FRICTION LOSS IN PIPE

  40. MOODY DIAGRAM

  41. MINOR LOSS LOSS IN FITTING: USE EQUIVALENT LENGTH LOSS IN VALVE: USE CV OR KV (DISCUSS LATER)

  42. 5. QUICK LOOK AT PIPE DRAWINGS

  43. NEXT SESSION PIPING MATERIALS AND EQUIPMENTS VALVES PUMPS

  44. HOMEWORK 1 • Find a water valve (in a toilet, a kitchen or the backyard). • Measure inlet pipe size. • Measure the flow rate from a faucet at 25%, 50%, 75% and 100% opening (in lpm). • Find out the supply pressure (in m.WG.)

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