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Religion under the Tudors. Britain 1500–1750. These icons indicate that teacher’s notes or useful web addresses are available in the Notes Page. This icon indicates that the slide contains activities created in Flash. These activities are not editable.
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Religion under the Tudors Britain 1500–1750 These icons indicate that teacher’s notes or useful web addresses are available in the Notes Page. This icon indicates that the slide contains activities created in Flash. These activities are not editable. For more detailed instructions, see the Getting Started presentation. 1 of 18 © Boardworks Ltd 2006
What did Protestants and Catholics believe? The different beliefs were reflected in the churches that the two faiths built.
Why did Mary become queen? Edward VI Mary I Elizabeth I son of Jane Seymour daughter of Catherine of Aragon daughter of Anne Boleyn When Henry died in 1547 the main change had been the setting up of the Church of England with the monarch as its head. This replaced the Catholic Church which had the Pope as its head. All of Henry’s children became monarchs because each of them died without leaving a child to follow them. Henry’s children were:
Religious changes Edward VI Mary I Elizabeth I Protestant Catholic Protestant As each monarch came to the throne they changed the religion of England to their own. Religion changed greatly each time the monarch changed, and those people who stuck to the old religion were called heretics. They lived in fear of their lives and many that were caught were burned at the stake.
The Reign of Edward VI (1547–53) Aim: to make England a Protestant country. Edward VI’s policies: • monarch to be Head of the Church • new (English) prayer book to be used • priests allowed to marry • priests to dress simply • churches to be plain • statues of saints to be removed and destroyed • two heretics burned at the stake • holy days (holidays) ended • Protestant Lady Jane Grey made Edward’s heir.
The Reign of Mary I (1553–58) Aim: to return England to the Catholic religion. Mary I’s policies: • Lady Jane Grey executed • pope to become Head of the Church again • English prayer book banned • priests forbidden to marry • Protestant bishops to lose their jobs (800 leading Protestants leave Britain) • statues of saints and altars returned to churches • Mary married the Catholic King Philip II of Spain • about 280 Protestants burned at the stake • rebellion in Kent put down firmly • failed attempt to get land taken from the church by Henry returned.
The Reign of Elizabeth I (1558–1603) Aim: to make England a Protestant country again and to heal religious differences to make the country stronger. Elizabeth I’s policies: • monarch to be Head of the Church • priests to swear loyalty to the monarch • churches to be plain and simple • statues of saints removed and destroyed • Catholics able to avoid persecution if they swear loyalty to Elizabeth • five heretics burned at the stake • extreme Protestants kept in check. Elizabeth’s policies were called the Elizabethanreligious settlement.
The fate of heretics Heretics were burnt in the reigns of all the Tudor monarchs. Archbishop Thomas Cranmer was executed in Mary’s reign. The Martyrs’ Memorial is dedicated to Cranmer, and two other Protestant leaders who were also executed.
The fate of heretics This is a picture of the execution of a heretic. Choose one of the people in the picture and describe the scene from their point of view. Include sights, smells, what you can hear and what you can feel.
The fate of heretics Look carefully at the chart above. How could it be used to show that Mary deserved her nickname ‘Bloody Mary’? Are there any reasons why she might notdeserve this nickname?
The Elizabethan religious settlement Although Elizabeth’s religious settlement was approved of by many people, strong Catholics and strong Protestants disagreed with it. Elizabeth punished people who did not attend Church of England services by fining them.
The Elizabethan religious settlement Catholics Strong Catholics opposed Elizabeth because they believed that the pope was Head of the Church. This meant that their loyalty to Elizabeth was divided. France and Spain paid for Catholic priests to be trained as missionaries and sent back to England. They were called Jesuits, and they were prepared to die for their belief. Some Jesuits were executed for the crime of treason. They were seen as traitors and executed because they were not loyal to the monarch, and not for their religious beliefs.
The Elizabethan religious settlement Protestants Extreme Protestants were called Puritans. They thought Elizabeth’s settlement did not go far enough. By refusing to agree with the settlement, they challenged her authority as queen of England. Who do you think was the biggest threat to Elizabeth’s religious settlement – Catholics or Puritans?
Writing a Tudor diary Many people would have lived during the reigns of all three monarchs (Edward, Mary and Elizabeth). Write a diary entry for one day in each of their reigns. Imagine you are 20 in the reign of Edward, 26 in Mary’s reign and 31 at the start of Elizabeth’s reign. Write your diary descriptions of the events happening around you from the point of view of one of the following: • a farm labourer • a Protestant bishop • a Catholic landowner • a Puritan. Try to imagine how your fortunes may have changed as the monarch changed.
