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K. Yamamoto , R. Takahashi, K. Ono, T. Sekiguchi, Y. Sakakibara,

Development of cryogenic payload for KAGRA III. K. Yamamoto , R. Takahashi, K. Ono, T. Sekiguchi, Y. Sakakibara, C. Tokoku, M. Kamiizumi, U. Iwasaki, E. Hirose, A. Khalaidovski, T. Uchiyama, S. Miyoki, M. Ohashi, T. Akutsu A , H. Ishizaki A , T. Suzuki B ,

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K. Yamamoto , R. Takahashi, K. Ono, T. Sekiguchi, Y. Sakakibara,

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  1. Development of cryogenic payload for KAGRA III K. Yamamoto, R. Takahashi, K. Ono, T. Sekiguchi, Y. Sakakibara, C. Tokoku, M. Kamiizumi, U. Iwasaki, E. Hirose, A. Khalaidovski, T. Uchiyama, S. Miyoki, M. Ohashi, T. AkutsuA, H. IshizakiA, T. SuzukiB, N. KimuraB, S. KoikeB, K. TsubonoC, Y. AsoC, T. UshibaC, K. ShibataC, D. ChenD, N. OhmaeE, K. SomiyaF, R. DeSalvoG, E. MajoranaH, L. NaticchioniH, W. JohnsonI, A. CummingJ, R. DouglasJ, K. HaughianJ, I. MartinJ, P. MurrayJ, S. RowanJ ,G. HofmannK, C. SchwarzK, D. HeinertK, R. NawrodtK,KAGRA collaboration ICRR.UT, NAOJA, KEKB, Phys.S.UTC, Astro.S.UTD, E.UTE,S.TITF, Sannio Univ.G, INFNH, Louisiana State Univ.I , University of GlasgowJ, Friedrich-Schiller-Universitaet JenaK 2013 September 22 The meeting of Physical Society of Japan @Kochi University, Kochi, Kochi 1 1 1

  2. 0. Abstract Although there are many topics, but here, I will explain (1)Experiment in cooling test of KAGRA cryostat (2)1/4 cryostat(for performance test) (3)Monolithic sapphire suspension

  3. Contents • Introduction • KAGRA cryostat • 1/4 cryostat • Sapphire suspension • Summary

  4. 1. Introduction Schematic view of KAGRA interferometer Four mirrors of arm cavity will be cooled. 3km 3km Mozumi Y-end Sakonishi X-end Kamioka mine (Underground site) Atotsu Center Vibration isolation system, Cryocooler unit, Cryostat, Cryogenic payload 4 4 4 4

  5. 1. Introduction Outline of vibration isolation and cryostat 14 m Vibration Isolation Cryogenic mirror Cryostat 5

  6. 1. Introduction Outline of cryostat to SAS Cryogenic payload Cryostat Stainless steel t20mm Diameter 2.6m Height ~3.6m M ~ 10 ton Mirror 20K View ports 4 Low vibration cryocooler unit Cryo-coolers Pulse tube, 60Hz 0.9 W at 4K (2nd) 36 W at 50K (1st) Remote valve unit Main LASER beam S. Koike

  7. 1. Introduction Main topics Experiment using KAGRA cryostat Initial cooling time of cryogenic payload Radiation shield vibration 1/4 cryostat Performance test of cryogenic payload Sapphire monolithic suspension Key component of KAGRA

  8. 2. KAGRA cryostat KAGRA cryostats have already been assembled ! at Toshiba Keihin Product Operations

  9. 2. KAGRA cryostat Cooling test for all four KAGRA cryostats January 2013 – April 2013 Three of them were move to a warehouse near Kamioka on the 27th and 28th of July. Cooling test for the 3rd cryostat July 2013 – August 2013

  10. 2. KAGRA cryostat Three cryostats were move to a warehouse near Kamioka on the 27th and 28th of July.

  11. 2. KAGRA cryostat Three of cryostats were move to a warehouse near Kamioka on the 27th and 28th of July.

  12. 2. KAGRA cryostat Three of cryostats were move to a warehouse near Kamioka on the 27th and 28th of July.

  13. 2. KAGRA cryostat Experiments in cooling test of KAGRA cryostat Experiment 1 : Initial cooling time of cryogenic payload This initial cooling time should be short. Yusuke Sakakibara and Kenji Ono reported in previous talks. Experiment 2 : Measurement of shield vibration This vibration causes motion of mirrors and scattered light noise. Dan Chen and Luca Naticchioni developed cryogenic accelerometer.

  14. 2. KAGRA cryostat Experiment 2 : Measurement of shield vibration Dan Chen (horizontal motion) After cooling down 10K Analysis for sensitivity is in progress.

  15. 2. KAGRA cryostat Experiment 2 : Measurement of shield vibration Luca Naticchioni (vertical motion) After cooling down 10K Analysis for sensitivity is in progress.

  16. 3. 1/4 cryostat • Cryogenic payload is not a simple system. • We need cryostat to test cryogenic payload performance. • KAGRA cryostat is not appropriate for test. • Cleanness must be kept • 1/4 cryostat will be prepared in Kashiwa campus. • 1/4 means number of cryocooler, not size. • It will be delivered on the end of September.

  17. 3. 1/4 cryostat Initial cooling test with liquid nitrogen (Jecc Torisha) : 30th Aug. 2013 Delivery : 27th of Sep. 2013 Vacuum chamber : 1.2 m in diameter, 1.6 m in height 1.5hours 100K 17 17 17 17 17

  18. 4. Sapphire suspension Sapphire monolithic suspension Sapphire mirror suspended by sapphire fibers. Key component of KAGRA We need (a)Drilled sapphire mirror (b)Sapphire fibers with nail heads Preliminary 18

  19. 4. Sapphire suspension Drilled sapphire bulk We ordered Shinkosha (test sample). It will be delivered on the end of September. KAGRA mirrors : 220 mm in diameter 19

  20. 4. Sapphire suspension Drilled sapphire bulk We ordered Shinkosha (test sample). It will be delivered on the end of September. Latest status (19th of Sep. 2013) 20

  21. 4. Sapphire suspension Sapphire fibers with nail heads are necessary to suspend mirrors. Test sample (T. Uchiyama) 21

  22. 4. Sapphire suspension Sapphire fibers with nail heads MolTech GmbH (Germany) and IMPEX HighTech GmbH (Germany) have already delivered ! Although the size is similar to that of KAGRA, quality check is necessary. 22 22

  23. 4. Sapphire suspension Sapphire fibers with nail heads Quality check under collaboration with ET (ELiTES) Q-value Measurement in Glasgow, Jena, Rome and Tokyo Thermal conductivity Measurement in Jena, Rome and Tokyo Strength Measurement preparation in Glasgow

  24. 4. Sapphire suspension Sapphire fibers with nail heads Latest summary Moltech IMPEX KAGRA requirement Q-value 107 2*1065*106 at 20K Thermal Conductivity 3000 5000 5000 at 20K [W/m/K] -10000 Although these results are promising, further investigation is necessary.

  25. 4. Sapphire suspension Thermal conductivity of four IMPEX fibers Aleksandr Khalaidovski Ronny Nawrodt Enough high conductivity But Q-values was not measured.

  26. 4. Sapphire suspension Q-values of IMPEX fibers (high thermal conductivity) Measurement is in progress at Rome. Dan Chen, Ettore Majorana

  27. 4. Sapphire suspension Q-values of IMPEX fibers (high thermal conductivity) Measurement is in progress at Rome. Dan Chen, Ettore Majorana

  28. 4. Sapphire suspension Assembled sapphire monolithic suspension Performance of assembled monolithic sapphire pendulum must be checked. Before that, sapphire bulk is suspended by sapphire fibers using indium as thermal and mechanical contact (some kinds of “glue” instead of bonding) between sapphire bulk and fibers. We will investigate performance and obtain expertise for the monolithic pendulum test as first step. 28

  29. 4. Sapphire suspension Assembled sapphire monolithic suspension A. Khalaidovski designed the frame for this first step. This frame was delivered. 29

  30. 5. Summary KAGRA cryostat Experiments in cooling test : Initial cooling time of payload Previous talks by Y. Sakakibara and K. Ono Radiation shield vibration Measurement was finished. Analysis for sensitvity is in progress. D. Chen and L. Naticchioni 1/4 cryostat to check cryogenic payload will be delivered by the end of September.

  31. 5. Summary Sapphire monolithic suspension Drilled bulk will be delivered on end of September. Experiments for sapphire fiber are in progress but the results are promising. We are preparing the first step experiment of monolithic sapphire suspension. A. Khalaidovski, R. Nawrodt, D. Chen, E. Majorana

  32. Acknowledgement ELiTES: ET-LCGT interferometric Telescope Exchange of Scientists Grant for collaboration aboutcryogenic between KAGRA and ET European 7th Framework Programme Marie Curie action (Mar. 2012 - Feb. 2016) European people can visit Japan for KAGRA. 32

  33. C. Tokoku

  34. Thank you for your attention !

  35. 6. Human resources Japanese graduate students visited (or will visit) Europe. Yusuke Sakakibara (October 2012 – December 2012) Investigation for coating and sapphire fibers (Glasgow and Jena) ET meeting, Hannover, December 2012 http://gwdoc.icrr.u-tokyo.ac.jp/cgi-bin/private/DocDB/ShowDocument?docid=1420 http://gwdoc.icrr.u-tokyo.ac.jp/cgi-bin/private/DocDB/ShowDocument?docid=1469 (Takanori Sekiguchi (January 2013 – March 2013) Investigation for vibration isolation (Amsterdam) http://gwdoc.icrr.u-tokyo.ac.jp/cgi-bin/DocDB/ShowDocument?docid=1708) Dan Chen (September 2013 – October 2013) Investigation for sapphire fiber (Rome) 35

  36. 6. Human resources Visitors supported by ELiTES in the last half year Christian Schwarz, Gerd Hofmann, Ronny Nawrodt (Jena) Automatic systems to measure Q-values and thermal conductivity of sapphire fibers Luca Naticchioni, Maurizio Perci, Ettore Majorana (Rome) Measurement of KAGRA radiation shield at cryogenic temperature (Kieran Craig (Glasgow) Measurement of coating mechanical dissipation) 36

  37. 7. For future Some items for future research (not perfect list) (a)Investigation material properties (Q, thermal conductivity, strength etc.) of coating, fiber and so on. (b)Sapphire bonding, Sapphire fiber clamp (c)Control and damping scheme Actuators and sensors at cryogenic temperature (d) Mechanical and thermal simulation for payload (e) Vertical spring in cryostat (f) Reduction of initial cooling time Thermal resistance of clamp .... (g) Baffles for scattered light in radiation shield (h) Assembly procedure 39

  38. 8. Summary Cryostat : Assembly is in progress. Cooling test is coming soon. Cryogenic duct : Optimum position of 5 buffles Future work : scattered light Cryocooler unit : Cooling test and vibration measurement : OK Cryogenic payload Preparation for 1/4 cryostat to check payload performance is in progress. Current main R&D topics Inital cooling time, Sapphire fiber with nail head, Coating mechanical loss, Vibration of shield

  39. 8. Summary ELiTES has already started and supports the development of KAGRA cryogenic system. If you want to join our mission, let us know.

  40. 2. Issues (1)How to assemble Details of construction, clean room …. (2)Strength Tensile strength, development of clamp, sapphire bonding … (3)Control and damping system to reduce fluctuation and instability Actuators (what and where), resonant mode (frequency and Q) and so on

  41. 2. Issues (4)Cooling Temperature of mirror (below 20 K), initial cooling time, heat resistance of clamp … (5)Noise Thermal noise, vibration via vibration isolation system and heat links …

  42. Cooling test in Toshiba Test 2 : Heat load test How much is temperature with extra heat load ? We can derive extra heat load from temperature. Examples for extra heat load Scattered light by mirror Heat absorption in mirror 300 K radiation through holes for main beam 44 44 44 44 44

  43. Cooling test in Toshiba Test 2 : Heat load test Heater and thermometer Pulse tube cryocoolers Pulse tube cryocoolers Sapphire mirror Pulse tube cryocoolers 45 45 45 45 45 45 45 45 45 45 45

  44. Cooling test in Toshiba Test 2 : Heat load test 0 W 10 W 5 W 2 W Scatted power is 5 W when scattered loss on the mirror surface is 10 ppm. 46 46 46 46 46

  45. Cooling test in Toshiba Test 2 : Heat load test Heater and thermometer Pulse tube cryocoolers Pulse tube cryocoolers Sapphire mirror Pulse tube cryocoolers 47 47 47 47 47

  46. Cooling test in Toshiba Test 2 : Heat load test 10 W 0 W 4 W According to our design, temperature should be below 8 K when heat absorption in mirror is 1 W. 48 48 48 48 48

  47. 2. 1/4 cryostat Bid (for parts of 1/4 cryostat) was opened ! (Jecc Torisha) Discussion for final design is in progress. Preliminary and not latest version.

  48. 4. Sapphire fibers After Yusuke left …. Clamp for IMPEX fibers in Jena

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