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MICRO IMAGE REVIEW #2: LABS 4-6

MICRO IMAGE REVIEW #2: LABS 4-6. boggusrl@email.uc.edu. LAB #4 - EPITHELIUM. Epithelia: lines tubes or covers surfaces Cells held together by: Cell junctions Interdigitation of cell membranes Glycocalyx. Intro to Epi. Number of cells layers: 1 = simple More than 1 = stratified

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MICRO IMAGE REVIEW #2: LABS 4-6

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  1. MICRO IMAGE REVIEW #2: LABS 4-6 boggusrl@email.uc.edu

  2. LAB #4 - EPITHELIUM • Epithelia: • lines tubes or • covers surfaces Cells held together by: • Cell junctions • Interdigitation of cell membranes • Glycocalyx

  3. Intro to Epi • Number of cells layers: • 1 = simple • More than 1 = stratified Shape of cells: • Squamous = flat • Cuboidal = square w/round nucleus • Columnar = taller than they are wide, oval nucleus

  4. Simple Epithelium • Has 3 surfaces: • apical/upper/free surface that faces outside or into a lumen • Lateral surface that connects it to other cells • Basal surface that lies against the basement membrane

  5. Simple Squamous

  6. More Simple Squamous

  7. Simple Cuboidal

  8. Look how the tops are flat…. • Transitional would be rounded on top. Don’t confuse!

  9. Simple Columnar • Oval nuclei

  10. Tip: • They will almost always have to show you simple columnar in the intestine b/c it isnt found a lot of other places. • Keep an eye out for the goblet cells and microvilli that are also associated with it. • Also, they may ask you about “interdigitating cell membranes.”

  11. Here are goblet cells and microvilli w/ simple columnar Microvilli Goblet cell

  12. Interdigitating cell membranes • Will most likely have to show you with EM

  13. Pseudostratified columnar epithelium – ciliated and with goblet cells • Nuclei not at the same level • All touch the basement membrane but not all reach the lumen

  14. Pseudo blah blah blah

  15. If they show you pseudostrat it may have stereocilia if it is in the epididymis. Be aware.

  16. Simple summary

  17. Stratified epi of many fun varieties • Name them according to the cells facing the lumen – outermost cells. • Does not matter what the ones touching the basement membrane look like

  18. Stratified squamous epi • If top layer has nuclei – NON keratinized • On wet surfaces - mucosa • If top layer has no nuclei and looks flaky and like its pulling off – keratinized • On dry surfaces, usually skin of some sort

  19. NON keratinized

  20. keratinized

  21. Non-keratinized vs. keratinized

  22. Again…..

  23. Stratified cuboidal • Usually in glands

  24. Stratified columnar • In glands too, don’t confuse with stratified cuboidal. Make sure to see if nucleus is round and in center of cell. If so, cuboidal. If nuclei a little more oval and not exactly in center, go for columnar

  25. Strat. columnar • So even though the bottom layer here is cuboidal that doesn’t matter

  26. More strat. columnar

  27. Transitional • Pretty much only in the bladder • Often binucleate • Tops of cells bulge into lumen

  28. Transitional

  29. LAB 5 – Cellular Specializations

  30. Cell contacts • Terminal bar (my favorite) vs. junctional complex • Terminal bar in LM • Junc. Complex in EM *They will try to trick you. Do not be fooled.*

  31. What is this? JUNCTIONAL COMPLEX!!!!!!!!

  32. The JC has 3 parts • Zonula occludens • Tight junction • Cells pressed close together, looks black in between the 2 cells in EM • Zonula adherens • Lighter between the 2 cells than the zon occludens • If you cant see anything and there is an arrow in between a zon. occludens on top and a desmosome beneath (both of which are easier to see) then it is a zonula adherens • Macula adherens • Desmosome • Looks spiny b/c of the filaments branching out *they will ask you these. Be able to tell them apart*

  33. Desmosomes • aka macula adherens • Have intercellular bridges • Can be more than one down the length of a cell

  34. Gap Junction • This is what I found on google for gap junction. I don’t think this will be on the test

  35. Will the real gap junction please stand up • Not spiny on the sides like the desmosome

  36. They can show it to you like this too:

  37. Often in cardiac muscle

  38. Interdigitation of lateral membranes • Its in the lab book, its fair game

  39. Basement membrane • Between epithelial cells and underlying tissue • Made by both epithelial cells and connective tissue cells • Epi cells secrete basal lamina = collagen and other stuff • CT cells secrete reticular fibers and other stuff

  40. Basement membrane

  41. Don’t be alarmed • They may stain it funny

  42. BASAL LAMINA • Like the terminal bar, different names in different tissues

  43. hemidesmosomes • Pretty much just desmosomes on the basal side of the cells Also note the lamina lucida and lamida densa – they can only label these on EM

  44. Bottom of cells and looks like desmosome?? HEMIDESMOSOME

  45. STUFF ON TOPS OF CELLS Microvilli Stereocilia Cilia Flagella

  46. microvilli • Smooth border on top – not rough like cilia • Cant really distinguish individual microvilli like you can with cilia • Filled with actin filaments • Often in intestine • For absorption • Look for the columnar cells that you find there

  47. Pics of microvilli • P.S. microvilli does NOT = glycocalyx. Glycocalyx is a carb covering. Lets demonstrate:

  48. Microvilli contd • When in cross section do not confuse with cilia – cilia have TUBES inside them in the special arrangement, while microvilli have roughly 50 actin filaments in a bundle cilia microvilli

  49. Even more……..

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