How does the Renaissance and Reformation modernize Europe? warm up pg 38

1. How does the Renaissance and Reformation modernize Europe?warm uppg 38

2. Target • Know that absolutist rulers use Renaissance art to help legitimize their rule • Know that the Reformation causes a new way for Absolutist rulers to exert control • Know the effects of Absolutism are expensive art and architecture, controlled religion in states, and new bureaucracies to run home gov’t and colonial gov’t

3. PG 40: Absolutism in Europe Major Powers in Europe by 1450 • Holy Roman Empire (Habsburg Dynasty) • Spain (Habsburg Dynasty) • Portugal • France • England • Dutch

4. DYNASTY V EMPIRE • dynasty is family line • empire is political

5. As these states grew it created conflict in Europe • Over borders/ territory in Europe • Over commercial interests overseas • Age of Exploration: Shipping/ colonies/ resources • Over religious/ political alliances • Reformation gives rulers excuse to challenge political supremacy of the Church • Wars of Religion end with the Treaty of Westphalia, but absolutist leaders still use religion inside of state to control people

6. ABSOLUTISM : A Political doctrine asserting that in a monarchy the ruler hold sole and unquestionable power by divine authority • Absolutist rulers: • Peter the Great, Catherine the Great, Henry VIII, Elizabeth I, Louis XIV, Philip II of Spain • Controlled religion, taxes, armies, economy

7. Frederick William 1620 –1688 was Duke of Prussia, thus ruler of Brandenburg-Prussia, from 1640 until his death in 1688. A member of the House of Hohenzollern, he is popularly known as "the Great Elector” because of his military and political achievements. Frederick William was a staunch pillar of the Calvinist faith, associated with the rising commercial class. He saw the importance of trade and promoted it vigorously. His shrewd domestic reforms gave Prussia a strong position in the post-Westphalian political order of north-central Europe, setting Prussia up for elevation from duchy to kingdom, achieved under his son and successor. Assisted by highly successful generals and admirals, Catherine the Great governed at a time when the Russian Empire was expanding rapidly by conquest and diplomacy. Catherine reformed the administration of Russian guberniyas, and many new cities and towns were founded on her orders. An admirer of Peter the Great, Catherine continued to modernize Russia along Western European lines. However, military conscription and the economy continued to depend on serfdom, and the increasing demands of the state and private landowners led to increased levels of reliance on serfs. This was one of the chief reasons behind several rebellions, including the large-scale Pugachev's Rebellion of Cossacks and peasants, however she was able to suppress the rebellions with her large army and access to money and bureaucratic support First: I spy – what do I see? Second: How do I think this relates to absolutism? Third: read the information and link more concretely to absolutism Pg 41 Absolutism in Europe: Picture Analysis First: I spy – what do I see? Second: How do I think this relates to absolutism? Third: read the information and link more concretely to absolutism I do: We do: You do: (next slide)

8. Rulers increased size of their courts and sponsored expensive art and architecture to appear more powerful as a concrete method of control (as opposed to divine right) • Look at the photos on your desk – DO NOT FLIP TO THE BACK • First: Write what you observe in the photos. All details • Second: How might these details show absolutism at work? • (how is it absolutist propaganda? How is it a result of absolutist power?) • Third: Turn to the back and read the info for the pictures – make an even more in depth assertion of how the ruler or building show Absolutism. Be Specific, have evidence

9. Numbered heads togetherClose notebooksUse what you learned todaySome of these you don’t know – they are a preview of next class….use deductive reasoning. This is not for house points today for this reason

10. As European states grew they needed strong, central rulers who began to wield Absolutist power because these states fought with each other over..... (can pick more than 1) • Borders in Europe • Resources • Religious & political alliances • Access to scientific information

11. What new technology allowed the spread of the Protestant faith and helped Absolutist leaders control their population? • Gunpowder • Printing Press • Lateen Sail • Canon

12. A Dynasty Is • Political • A family line

13. The religious wars in Europe were mainly between • Orthodox Christians and Catholics • Catholics and Protestants • Protestants and Jews • Jews and Catholics

14. What was the logic Absolutist rulers used to justify their power? • Divine Authority • Divine Providence • Divine Reason • Divine Right

15. Below are European absolutist rulers–which one does not belong? • Catherine the Great • Hugh Capet • Elizabeth I • Louis XIV

16. Below are absolutist rulers outside of Europe – which one does not belong? • Suleiman • Akbar • Kublai • Abbas

17. What is NOT something all Absolutist rulers controlled in their Countries? • Religion • Literature • Taxes • Armies • Economy

18. What is a Service Nobility? • Knights/ elite fighting force • Hereditary aristocracy • A new elite whose livelihood depended on the King • An elite servant group in the palaces such as Versailles and St. Petersburg

19. CATHERINE THE GREAT WAS A RUSSIAN RULER WHO SHOWED HER ABSOLUTISM BY: • Putting down the PugachevRebellion • Defeating the Spanish Armanda • Engaging in the Opium Wars • Putting down the German peasant rebellion

20. PETER THE GREAT WAS AN ABSOLUTIST RULER, AS SEEN BY: • The taxes he levied that beggared the peasant • The money he used to build Saint Petersburg • Engaging in the opium wars • Putting down the Pugachev Rebellion

21. What is a Cossack? • A French Aristocrat • A Russian Aristocrat • A French Mercenary • A Russian Mercenary

22. LOUIS XIV AN ABSOLUTIST RULER, AS SEEN BY: • The money he used to build Versailles • Engaging in the Opium Wars • Enforcing Catholic religious orthodoxy • Defeating the Spanish Armanda

23. ELIZABETH I WAS AN ENGLISH RULER WHO SHOWED HER ABSOLUTISM BY: • Putting down the Pugachev Rebellion • Defeating the Spanish Armanda • Engaging in the opium wars • Putting down the German peasant rebellion

24. Philip II WAS A Spanish RULER WHO SHOWED his ABSOLUTISM BY: • Competing with other absolutist countries like England via navy • Competing with other absolutist countries like France via navy • Competing with other absolutist countries like Russia via navy • Competing with other absolutist countries like Netherlands via navy

25. End of Class Homework Review How does the Reformation allow for new ways for Absolutist rulers to exercise control? FLIPPED CLASSROOM!!! FYI: • Outlines for Chapter 15 and 17 should be completely done • Don’t forget the Main Ideas and Chapter summaries • Vocabulary for Chapter 15 & 17 should be done • An SAQ on absolutism is in your future