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Theme 4:Welfare Institution

CITY UNIVERSITY OF HONG KONG Division of Social Studies. Theme 4:Welfare Institution. Prepared by Group X. Welfare Institution. What is Social Welfare? Laws Programmes Benefits Services. PART 1. Sociological perspectives & Welfare Roles of Hong Kong Government. Round 1.

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Theme 4:Welfare Institution

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  1. CITY UNIVERSITY OF HONG KONG Division of Social Studies Theme 4:Welfare Institution Prepared by Group X

  2. Welfare Institution What is Social Welfare? • Laws • Programmes • Benefits • Services

  3. PART 1 Sociological perspectives & Welfare Roles of Hong Kong Government

  4. Round 1 Functionalism V.S. Welfare Roles of Hong Kong Government

  5. FunctionalismV.S.H.K. government welfare role Explanation of Functionalism • Solidarity • Stability

  6. Functionalism V.S.Welfare role of H.K. Government Using Family Functions as an example • Reproduction • Physical • Social • Emotive

  7. Functionalism V.S.Welfare role of H.K. Government • Cultural • Economic • Education

  8. 離婚統計數字 資料來源：1996年中期人口統計，香港政府統計處 香港統計年刊，2000年版，香港特別行政區政府統計處

  9. 家庭住戶數字 資料來源：香港特別行政區政府統計處《2001年人口普查》

  10. 家庭住戶平均人數 資料來源：香港特別行政區政府統計處《2001年人口普查》

  11. Functionalism V.S.Welfare role of H.K. Government Family system undergoing changes • Size of Family • Roles of Parents • Family breaking down • Location of Home

  12. Functionalism V.S.Welfare role of H.K. Government Government Reaction • Set up Family & Child Center • Set up Single Parent Center • Caritas Mutual Aid Center for Single Parent Families • Hong Kong Single Parent Association West Kowloon Single Parent Career Development Center

  13. Functionalism V.S.Welfare role of H.K. Government Government reaction • Set up Family Crisis Support Center • Provide Direct and Indirect Subsidy (Comprehensive Social Security Assistance, 9 years free of charge education)

  14. Functionalism V.S.Welfare role of H.K. Government Purposes of Providing Welfare • Maintain Stability • Response to the Needs • Functions those Weakened

  15. Functionalism V.S.Welfare role of H.K. Government Conclusion Welfare is a tool!!!!

  16. Round 2 Symbolic Interaction V.S. Welfare Roles of Hong Kong Government

  17. Symbolic InteractionV.S. Welfare role of H.K. government Explanation of Symbolic Interaction • Focus on individual interactions in specific situations • No absolute of right or wrong • View society as products of everyday individual interactions

  18. In the past • Status: Men>>>Women • Women are seen as a property of men • Education level: Lower • Less aware of the human right • So, accept being bitten up by husband and are ashamed of reporting!!

  19. NOWADAYS • Status: Men~Women • Women are more independent of men • Education level: Higher • Greater awareness of human right • So, find spouse abuse unacceptable and willing to report!

  20. Government’s Welfare Response • Women Protection Ordinance • Establishment of organizations for protection of women • HARMONY HOUSE (和諧之家)

  21. Round 3 Conflict Theory V.S. Welfare Roles of Hong Kong Government

  22. Conflict Theory V.S.Welfare role of H.K. government CAPITALISM • Free economic market (like wages system) •  government intervention • Private market & property rights

  23. Conflict Theory V.S.Welfare role of H.K. government Explanation of CONFLICT THEORY • Conflicts • Deprive • Unequal resources distribution

  24. Conflict Theory V.S.Welfare role of H.K. government Under Capitalism, welfare system is to • Maintain the lives of the poor • Decrease social conflict • Release welfare gap • Ensure free market system

  25. Conflict Theory V.S.Welfare role of H.K. government Example CSSA

  26. QUESTIONS Let’s image….. Q1, What is an “Ideal Society”? Q2, Are there any problems in the “Ideal Society” ? What are they ?

  27. After the presentation of 3 sociological theories,which is the best to explain the welfare role of H.K. Government ? TO BE CONTINUE!

  28. Part 2 Hong Kong Government Hong Kong SAR Government

  29. B 97 V.S. A 97

  30. B 97 V.S. A 97 ECONOMICS

  31. Government and Business Strength of Hong Kong Economy • Minimum government intervention • Clear legal environment…… Weakness of Hong Kong Economy • Lack of government support………..

  32. Government & Business Before 1997 • Free trade policy • Supporter e.g. infrastructure…..

  33. Government and Business After 1997 • Positive non-intervention • Controller e.g. Asian Financial Crisis, “ Housing policy”,..

  34. Asian Financial Crisis (亞洲金融風暴) Government Intervention in Housing Market 政府對樓市的干預

  35. Government Intervention Good & Bad Good! • Protect the benefit of general public

  36. Government Intervention Bad • Public depends on the government.

  37. Then do you think government should intervene the market or not?

  38. B 97V.S. A 97 POLITICS

  39. B 97V.S. A 97 POLITICS

  40. Disaster of Laws (Human Rights cannot be protected)! On January 26, 1999, the Court of Final Appeal delivered a judgment on the right of abode case (居港權事件) National People' s Congress Standing Committee (NPCSC) –全國人民代表大會常務委員會 NPCSC had offered explanations for some clauses in the Basic Law of the Hong Kong SAR on June 26, 1999 (人大釋法)

  41. The Election Mechanism of Legislative Council “first past the post" voting system (得票最多者當選投票制) List system of proportional representation (比例代表制)

  42. Accountability System (AS)(問責制) • Carried out on July 2002. • Number of Policy Bureau changed from 16 to 11 (all assigned by Chief Executive)(行政長官任命) Plus Chief Secretary for Administration(政務司司長),Financial Secretary(財政司司長)and Secretary for Justice(律政司司長).

  43. Accountability System (AS)(問責制) • 14 Principal Officials (AS) responsible to Chief Executive • Only and not checked & balanced(制衡) by Legislative Council(立法局)

  44. Power of Government Therefore : • Power of Government after 97 is highly Centralization. • Policy constitution is consensus and easy to execute • While power of Government before 97 is relative weak

  45. WELFARE The Intervention of the SAR government in Welfare Policy

  46. WELFARE Change of Subsidies Method

  47. M.C. & M.S.C. • The subvention model was Model Cost (MC) and Modified Standard Cost (MSC) from 1981 • Repayment system was provided for overpayments (Actual cost>Budget)

  48. M.C. & M.S.C Problems of MC and MSC: 1. Inflexible (僵化) 2. Complex (複雜) 3. Bureaucratic (官僚)

  49. M.C. & M.S.C. Government Policy To fix these problems, Social Welfare Department (SWD) launched the “Lump Sum Grant subvention scheme ” and carried out in December 2000

  50. Lump Sum Grant subvention scheme(LSG) Under theLSG • SWD will no longer staffing structures , levels of pay and individual items of expenditure • NGOs will be given flexibility in develop service. • No any other external subvention will be given

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