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Green Chemical Process

Green Chemical Process. Primary Categories Sub-Categories Definitions Techniques (where applicable) Metrics R. Paulson 9-22-09. OUTLINE. Existing Categories General Categories For Organization that Incorporate Existing Categories for Discussion. Existing Categories .

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Green Chemical Process

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  1. Green Chemical Process Primary Categories Sub-Categories Definitions Techniques (where applicable) Metrics R. Paulson 9-22-09

  2. OUTLINE • Existing Categories • General Categories For Organization that Incorporate Existing Categories for Discussion

  3. Existing Categories SPREADSHEET CATEGORIES • Materials Efficiency • Raw Materials Used • Waste Produced • Materials Efficiency Narratives • Energy Efficiency • Raw Materials OVERALL CATEGORIES • Materials Efficiency • Water • Energy • Waste • Raw Materials • Process Safety • End of Life • Innovation

  4. Outline: General Categories • (1) Materials • Green Goal: “Greener Chemical Process Materials Utilized Efficiently” • (2) Energy • Green Goal: “Greener-Sustainable-Renewable Energy Utilized Efficiently” • (3) Water • Green Goal: “Greener-Sustainable-Renewable Water Utilized Efficiently” • (4) Prevent Waste-Pollution-Green House Gases • Green Goal: “Greener Waste and Pollution Minimized or Eliminated; Minimize or Eliminate Green House Gases” • (5) Safety • Green Goal: “Safe Chemical Processes” • (6) Innovation • Green Goal: “Continual Improvement for Greener Chemical Processes – New Solutions” • (7) Sustainability • Green Goal: “Sustainable Green Chemical Processes”

  5. 1. Materials • Category (1) - Materials • Green Goal: “Greener Chemical Process Materials Used Efficiently” • Material Sub-Categories • Base Materials • Sustainable Materials Acquisition • Process Materials (“Chemistry” / Formulation / Fabrication) • Process Materials Efficiency (atom efficiency; mass efficiency) • Process Support Materials (“Chemistry” / Formulation / Fabrication) • Material Type - • Raw New Materials • In-organic Material Categories (list typical material categories; other) • Bio-Materials; Organic Materials (new carbon) • Organic Materials (old carbon – fossil sources) • Other • Used Materials • Reused Materials • Recycled Containing Materials

  6. 1. Materials (cont.) • Define Green Materials • Green Chemical Characteristic (GCC) “End Points” • Health, Safety, Ecology “End Points” • Renewability (bio-materials, bio-degrade, compost, reuse, recycle) “End Points” • This a section in the standard • Life Cycle Characteristic “End Points” • Unit Chemical Product • Amount Embodied Materials / Energy / Water / Solid-Waste / Waste-Water / Air-Pollution / Green-House-Gases “End Points” • Green / Sustainable / Renewable • Definitions for each “End Point” provided in this standard • Note: GCC “End Points” for Material Chemicals May Also Be Used for Waste/Pollution/GHG Chemicals And/Or Regulatory Definitions (RCRA, TSCA, CWA, CAA, OSHA,SDWA, HMTA, SARA Lists etc) • Materials Acquisition • LCA “End Points” • BEES Habitat Destruction Factor (for mining, harvesting etc.)

  7. 1. Materials (cont.) • Metrics • Process Materials Efficiency (“Chemistry”, Formulation, Fabrication) • atom efficiency; mass efficiency • From Prior Work (spreadsheet): • PMI = (A + B + S)/(P + Q) • RME = 1/(1+Em) = (ε)(AE)[1+(ε(AE)[c + s + ω])/((SF)(mp))]-1 • kg product/kg materials utilized • Carbon Efficiency (product C x100/reactant C) • George Thompson add equations that fit 12 principles G-Chem • Incorporate as required (this section and other sections) • Process Mass Intensity (PMI) = kg inputs / kg product • Effective Mass Yield = kg product / kg non-benign reagents • Carbon Efficiency = (Product C) x 100 / Reactant C • Atom Economy = Mol.Wt. Product x 100 x (sum Mol.Wts. of All Reactants) • Reaction Mass Efficiency (RME) = kg Product x 100/sum Reactant kg • Environmental Quotient (EQ) = e-Factor x (sum of Waste hazard quotients) • Eco Scale = 100 - (sum of 6 parameter penalty points) • Profile the LCA “End Points” (w/GCC and or Regulations as Required) • Per Unit Chemical Product • Embodied Materials and Resulting Embodied Energy / Water / Solid Waste / Liquid Waste / Air Pollution / Green House Gases • For Base Materials (pending data availability) • For Process Materials (calculate; measure) • For Process Support Materials (calculate; measure; retrieve) ----------------------------------- “Total” LCA “End Points” • Compare to Baseline or Feasible Options

  8. 2. Energy • Category (2) - Energy • Green Goal: “Greener Renewable Sustainable Energy Utilized Efficiently” • Energy Sub-Categories • Chemical Process (“Chemistry”, Formulation, Fabrication) • Chemical Process Support (“Chemistry”, Formulation, Fabrication) • Base Energy Purchased or Generated On Site • Equipment • Facility • Transportation

  9. 2. Energy (cont.) • Define Greener Renewable Sustainable Energy • See Energy Team Definition for This Standard (Definition May Need Work) • Life Cycle Characteristic “End Points” • Unit Chemical Product • Amount Embodied Energy and Resulting Amount Embodied Materials / Water / Solid-Waste / Waste-Water / Air-Pollution / Green-House-Gases “End Points” • Green / Sustainable / Renewable • Definitions for each “End Point” provided in the standard • Note: GCC “End Points” for Material Chemicals May Also Be Used for Waste/Pollution/GHG Chemicals And/Or Regulatory Definitions (Air Pollution; CAA; Criteria Pollutants, GHG & HAPS) • Energy Acquisition / Generation • Green Renewable Sustainable Energy (See Definition) • LCA “End Points” • Note: Air Pollution and GHG Provided Via Web Site DOE Calculator for all USA Utilities

  10. 2. Energy (cont.) • Metrics • Process Energy (“Chemistry,” Formulation, Fabrication) • Efficiency; Minimal to Ambient Temperature and Pressure • Equations; Measurements? • Profile the LCA “End Points” • Unit Chemical Product • Embodied Energy and Resulting Embodied Materials / Water / Solid Waste / Liquid Waste / Air Pollution / Green House Gases • GCC/Regulations and or Sustainability Definition (for water and energy) • For Process Energy (calculate; measure) • For Process Support Energy (calculate; measure; retreive) ----------------------------------- “Total” LCA “End Points” • Compare to Baseline or Feasible Options

  11. 3. Water • Category (3) - Water • Green Goal: “Greener Sustainable Renewable Water Utilized Efficiently” • Water Sub-Categories • Chemical Process (“Chemistry,” Formulation, Fabrication) • Chemical Process Support (“Chemistry,” Formulation, Fabrication) • Base Water Purchased or Treat/Reuse On Site • Equipment • Facility

  12. 3. Water (cont.) • Define Greener Renewable Sustainable Water • See Water Team Definition (good definition) • Life Cycle Characteristic “End Points” • Unit Chemical Product • Amount Embodied Water and Resulting Amount Embodied Materials / Energy / Solid-Waste / Waste-Water / Air-Pollution / Green-House-Gases “End Points” • Green / Sustainable / Renewable • Definitions for each “End Point” provided in the standard • Note: GCC “End Points” for Material Chemicals May Also Be Used for Waste/Pollution/GHG Chemicals And/Or Regulatory Definitions (CSW; RCRA; BOD, COD, TSS, TDS, Color etc) • Water Acquisition / Re-use • Green Renewable Sustainable Water (See Definition) • LCA “End Points”

  13. 3. Water (cont.) • Metrics • Process Energy (“Chemistry,” Formulation, Fabrication) • Efficiency • Equations; Measurements? • Profile the LCA “End Points” • Per Unit Chemical Product • Embodied Water and Resulting Embodied Materials / Water / Solid Waste / Liquid Waste / Air Pollution / Green House Gases • GCC/Regulations and or Sustainability Definition (for water and energy) • For Process Water (calculate; measure) • For Process Support Energy (calculate; measure; retrieve) ----------------------------------- “Total” LCA “End Points” • Compare to Baseline or Feasible Options

  14. 4. Prevent Waste-Pollution-GHG’s • Category (4) - Prevent Waste/Pollution/Green-House-Gases • Green Goal: “Greener Waste and Pollution Minimized or Eliminated; Eliminate or Minimize Green House Gases” • Sub-Categories • Chemical Process (“Chemistry,” Formulation, Fabrication) • Chemical Process Support (“Chemistry,” Formulation, Fabrication) • Equipment • Facility

  15. 4. Prevent Waste/Pollution/GHG’s (cont.) • Define Waste • Solid Waste • Non-hazardous • Hazardous - RCRA, Other Regulations; “Containerized Waste” • Green Chemical Characteristics (health, safety, ecology, renewability) • Liquid Waste • Non-hazardous (ok sewer) • Hazardous; RCRA, CWA, Other Regulations; “Industrial Waste” • Green Chemical Characteristics (health, safety, ecology, renewability) • Define Air Pollution • Air Emissions • Non-hazardous; • Hazardous; CAA (Criteria Pollutants; HAPS); OSHA • Green Chemical Characteristics (health, safety, ecology, renewability) • Define Green House Gases • List Types (Co2, Methane, etc) • List Conversion to Co2 Equivalent

  16. 4. Prevent Waste/Pollution/GHG’s (cont.) • Define Prevention or Prevent • Priority Order • (1) Source Reduction (Inputs) • Materials / Energy / Water • Greener (GCC) and Minimize Amount Required • Materials = See Materials Section • Energy = See Energy Section • Water = See Water Section • Prevent Waste/Pollution/GHG Techniques • Techniques Source Reduction of Waste • Green Chemistry Principles • (GCP) 1 through 10 apply • Green Engineering Principles • GEP ? - ? apply; • Techniques Other • List

  17. 4. Prevent Waste/Pollution/GHG’s (cont.) • (2a) Re-use and Recycle (output) • Greener and Minimize/Eliminate Through Reuse and Recycling • Greener (GCC (Health, Safety, Ecology, Renewability) ) • Minimize Via Reuse and Recycle • Solid Waste (see definition) • Liquid Waste (see definition) • Air Pollution / Green House Gases (see definition) • Not Typical to Reuse or Recycle • Techniques Reuse and or Recycle of Waste • Green Chemistry Principles • GCP ? • Green Engineering Principles • GEP ? • Other

  18. 4. Prevent Waste/Pollution/GHG’s (cont.) • (2b) Biodegrade/Compost (output) • Greener and Minimize/Eliminate Through Bio-degrade and Compost • Greener (GCC (Health, Safety, Ecology, Renewability) ) • Minimize Via Bio-degrade and Compost • Solid Waste (see definition) • Liquid Waste (see definition) • Air Pollution / Green House Gases (see definition) • Not Typical to Bio-degrade or Compost • Techniques Bio-degrade or Compost of Waste • Green Chemistry Principles • GCP ? • Green Engineering Principles • GEP ? • Other

  19. 4. Prevent Waste/Pollution/GHG’s (cont.) • (3a) Air Controls and or Offsets (output) • Greener and Minimize/Eliminate Through Air Controls and or Offsets • Greener (GCC (Health, Safety, Ecology, Renewability) ) • Minimize Via Air Controls or Offsets • Air Pollution • Green House Gases (see definition) • Doesn’t Apply to Solid and Liquid Waste • Techniques Air Controls and Offsets • Green Chemistry Principles • GCP ? • Green Engineering Principles • GEP ? • Other

  20. 4. Prevent Waste/Pollution/GHG’s (cont.) • (3b) Treatment/ Disposal (output) • Greener and Minimize/Eliminate Through Treatment and Disposal • Greener (GCC (Health, Safety, Ecology, Renewability) ) • Minimize Via Treatment and Disposal • Solid Waste (see definition) • Liquid Waste (see definition) • Techniques Treatment and Disposal • Green Chemistry Principles • GCP ? • Green Engineering Principles • GEP ? • Other

  21. 4. Prevent Waste-Pollution-GHG’s • Metrics???? (additional for Green Chemical and Engineering Principles???) • Process Materials Efficiency (“Chemistry”, Formulation, Fabrication) • atom efficiency; mass efficiency • From Prior Work (spreadsheet): • PMI = (A + B + S)/(P + Q) • RME = 1/(1+Em) = (ε)(AE)[1+(ε(AE)[c + s + ω])/((SF)(mp))]-1 • kg product/kg materials utilized • Carbon Efficiency (product C x100/reactant C) • George Thompson add equations that fit 12 principles G-Chem • Incorporate as required (this section and other sections) • Process Mass Intensity (PMI) = kg inputs / kg product • Effective Mass Yield = kg product / kg non-benign reagents • Carbon Efficiency = (Product C) x 100 / Reactant C • Atom Economy = Mol.Wt. Product x 100 x (sum Mol.Wts. of All Reactants) • Reaction Mass Efficiency (RME) = kg Product x 100/sum Reactant kg • Environmental Quotient (EQ) = e-Factor x (sum of Waste hazard quotients) • Eco Scale = 100 - (sum of 6 parameter penalty points) • Profile the LCA “End Points” (w/Green Chemical Characteristics (GCC) • Unit Chemical Product • Base Materials and the Energy / Water / Solid Waste / Liquid Waste / Air Pollution / GHG • For Process Materials / Energy / Water / Solid Waste / Liquid Waste / Air Pollution / GHG • For Process Support Materials ----------------------------------- “Composite Total” LCA “End Points” With Green Chemical Characteristics/Regulations As Required. • Compare to Baseline or Feasible Options

  22. 5. Safety • Category (5) - Safety • Green Goal: “Safe Chemical Processes” • Safety Sub-Categories • Chemical Processes Safety • Chemical Process Support • Equipment • Facilities • Define Safety • Safe • Spill Prevention • Accident Prevention • Metrics • ??? • Green Chemical Process Calculation Technique Provided for Standard • ? See Team Prior Work • Techniques • Green Chemistry and Engineering Applicable Principles • Other

  23. 6. Innovation Category (6) - Innovation • Green Goal: Continual Improvement for Greener Chemical Processes – New Solutions” • Safety Sub-Categories • Chemical Processes Safety • Chemical Process Support Equipment/Facilities • Define Innovation • Continual Improvement for Greener Chemical Processes • Metrics • Unit Green Product • Unit Chemical Product • Base Materials and the Energy / Water / Solid Waste / Liquid Waste / Air Pollution / GHG • For Process Materials / Energy / Water / Solid Waste / Liquid Waste / Air Pollution / GHG • For Process Support Materials ----------------------------------- “Composite Total” LCA “End Points” With Green Chemical Characteristics/Regulations As Required. • Compare to Baseline and or Feasible Options

  24. 7. Sustainability • Category (7) - Sustainability • Green Goal: “Sustainable Chemical Processes” • Define Sustainability • Triple Bottom Line • Environment; Quality of Life/Product; Economics • Triple Upper Line • Principles; Policies; Priorities • Sustainability • Base Materials • Chemical Processes • Chemical Process Support • Equipment • Facilities • Metrics • TBL • Environmental Checklist • Quality Chemical Product for Quality of Life Checklist • Economics Checklist • TUL • Principles/Policies/Priorities Checklist

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