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Chapter 4

Chapter 4. Medical Terminology. Medical Terminology. Language used by health care professionals Includes specialized terms, abbreviations, and symbols Precise terms prevent confusion and error Often do not use when communicating with patients. Building Blocks. Word root

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Chapter 4

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  1. Chapter 4 Medical Terminology

  2. Medical Terminology • Language used by health care professionals • Includes specialized terms, abbreviations, and symbols • Precise terms prevent confusion and error • Often do not use when communicating with patients

  3. Building Blocks • Word root • Gives word its main meaning • All medical terms have at least one root • Refers to structure and function of body • Combining form • Word root plus vowel • Links word root to next word part • Usually “o,” but can be “a,”“e,”“i,” or “u”

  4. Question • What word part is “cardi”? • Word root • Combining form • Combining vowel

  5. Answer • A. Word root • Cardi • Word root meaning heart • Combining form • Cardi/o • Combining vowel • “o”

  6. Building Blocks • Suffix • Attaches to end of word roots and combining forms to add to or change meaning • All medical terms have suffix

  7. Question • Which of the following suffixes means pain? • -cide • -ical • -algia

  8. Answer • C. -algia • -cide • To kill or destroy • -ical • Pertaining to

  9. Building Blocks • Prefix • Attaches to beginning of word roots and combining forms to add to or change meaning • Not all, but many medical terms have prefix

  10. Question • In the word hypothyroidism, what word part is hypo? • Word root • Suffix • Prefix

  11. Answer • C. prefix • Prefix hypo = less than or under • Word root thyroid = thyroid gland • Suffix -ism = condition • Hypothyroidism meaning • Condition created by less than normal levels of thyroid hormones

  12. Building Blocks

  13. Deciphering Medical Terms • Start from right and work left • Identify meaning of suffix • Identify meaning of word root • Identify meaning of prefix • If one exists

  14. Medical Terminology Word Puzzles • You need: • Piece of paper & Pencil • Medical Dictionary • Your book • We’re going to practice putting together medical terms and maybe earn some extra credit!

  15. How you play • Open your book and locate the terminology building blocks (roots, prefixes, and suffixes) • Fit terms together like a puzzle to make words you know and new ones! • Check your term in the medical dictionary to be sure it actually exists • On your paper write the word, identify the building blocks used to make the word, and write the definition. • Example 1) hypothyroidism-condition created by less than normal levels of thyroid hormones • Do this for 20 terms. • More than 20 is extra credit! • Draw a small picture of the terms for extra credit!

  16. Do you know the meaning of the following words? • Rhinoplasty • Rhin = nose • -plasty = surgical repair • Cardiac • Cardi = heart • -ac = pertaining to • Anoxia • A = without • Ox = oxygen • -ia = pertaining to

  17. Example • Cardiology • Suffix -ology = study of • Word root cardi = heart • Prefix = (none in this word) • Meaning • Study of the heart

  18. What does this mean? • Polyarthritis • Suffix -itis = inflammation • Word root arthr = joint • Prefix poly = many or much • Meaning • Inflammation of many joints

  19. urethra vs. ureter

  20. ilium vs. ileum

  21. Medical Abbreviations and Symbols • Shorthand • Many common • Others vary • Use only those listed on facility’s approved list • If not on facility’s approved list, cannot be used

  22. Question • True or False: • If the provider writes the order “up ad lib,” it means the patient is to always walk with the assistance of a health care professional.

  23. Answer • False • Ad lib = freely or at will • Up ad lib = patient can get up and move about freely and at own will

  24. Question • A patient is having intercostal pain. Decipher the medical term to determine where this pain would be located. • Between the ribs • In the abdomen • In the head or neck

  25. Answer • A. Between the ribs • Suffix -al = pertaining to • Word root cost = rib • Prefix inter = between • Combine word parts to learn that patient is having pain between ribs

  26. Spelling and Pronunciation • Accuracy critical • Some words sound the same • But spelled differently • One letter can completely change meaning • Memorize pronunciation and plural form guides

  27. Question • True or False: • The symbol ♂ means male.

  28. Answer • True • Symbol for male • ♂ • Symbol for female • ♀

  29. Aids to Learning • Purchase medical dictionary • Choose one most helpful to individual needs • Use study habits to build on own learning style • Visual, auditory, or kinesthetic

  30. Question • Which of the following would be a visual study technique to learning? • Practice by writing the words down • Read medical terms aloud • Draw and color images of terms

  31. Answer • A. Practice by writing the words down • Writing terms • Visual • Speaking words aloud • Auditory • Drawing and coloring images • Kinesthetic

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