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WWI study guide. 1. How was militarism a cause of WWI?. European countries were involved in an arms race. War was glorified by nations. 2. How were alliances a cause of WWI?. European countries promised to come to each other’s aid if attacked
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1. How was militarism a cause of WWI? • European countries were involved in an arms race. • War was glorified by nations
2. How were alliances a cause of WWI? • European countries promised to come to each other’s aid if attacked • An attack on one country would quickly escalate to numerous countries
3. How was imperialism a cause of WWI? • European countries competed against each other for colonies that were needed for natural resources. • Britain and France had more than Germany
4. How was nationalism a cause of WWI? • It created tension amongst European nations because each nation felt they were superior.
5. Describe how trench warfare was used during WWI • France used trench warfare to slow down German advancements and to protect Paris.
6. What were some negatives to trench warfare? • Trench foot • Lice/disease • Rats • Excessive mud/cave ins
7. Name four new weapons used during WWI and describe their effect on the war. • U-boat-Gave Germany an advantage over the Allies because it enabled them to control shipping routes. • Tanks- Used to cross no man’s land & clear trenches • Machine guns- Could fire over 600 rounds a minute, which increases casualties on both sides • Gas- Used by both sides during the war. Numerous short & long term effects. Outlawed after WWI • Planes- Used mainly for spying but numerous aerial battles.
8. What was the United States official position at the beginning of the war? At the beginning of the war the U.S. was neutral
9. Why was the U.S. not able to trade with both sides during WWI? Great Britain enforced an blockade against Germany.
10. What is submarine warfare & how was it used during WWI? • The Germans used U-boats (subs) to attack all non-Central Powers ships throughout the Atlantic.
11. What was the Zimmermann telegram? Telegram sent by Germany to Mexico (intercepted by G.B.) asking them to enter the war against the U.S. and if they did they would be given back land that the U.S. had previously taken from them.
12. How did the Russian Revolution (civil war) affect WWI? Russia pulled out of WWI because of the civil war in their country. This gave the Central Powers a huge advantage.
13. What was the purpose of the Selective Service Act? It was a military draft used to supply troops for the war
14. How was the use of the convoy system affective in combating submarine warfare? It was affective because it reduced Allied shipping losses, and the U.S. didn’t lose any soldiers
15. Why do you think the U.S. wanted the AEF to remain separate from the other Allied forces? • The United States wanted to have control over their own soldiers • The United States did not support trench warfare as a strategy (high body count)
16. How did American soldiers get the nickname “Doughboys”? The buttons on their uniforms resembled boiled dough dumplings
17. What was the significance of the Battle of the Argonne Forest? The Allies forced the Germans out of France & back into Germany. (Allies now went on offense instead of defense)
18.How were African Americans discriminated against during WWI? Forced to fight in segregated units
19. What is an armistice and when did it occur during WWI? An agreement to end fighting & it occurred on November 11, 1918
