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Sulfuric Acid- H 2 SO 4

Sulfuric Acid- H 2 SO 4. Done by: Timothy Loe (20) 2A3. Introduction. Sulfuric acid is the product of the U.S. chemical industry produced in largest quantity in terms of mass. About 40 million tons are produced annually.

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Sulfuric Acid- H 2 SO 4

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  1. Sulfuric Acid- H2SO4 Done by: Timothy Loe (20) 2A3

  2. Introduction • Sulfuric acid is the product of the U.S. chemical industry produced in largest quantity in terms of mass. • About 40 million tons are produced annually. • There are two major processes used in the production of H2SO4, lead chamber process and contact process.

  3. Grades

  4. Lead chamber process • The lead-chamber process is the older of the two processes, and its product is aqueous sulfuric acid containing 62% to 78% H2SO4.

  5. Contact process • The contact process yields pure sulfuric acid. In both processes, sulfur dioxide, SO2, is oxidized to sulfur trioxide, SO3, and the SO3 is dissolved in water.

  6. Facts • Pure sulfuric acid is a colorless, odorless, oily liquid. It freezes at 10.5°C. • It fumes when heated, because some of the H2SO4 decomposes to H2O and SO3. The H2O is retained in the liquid, while SO3 gas is released. • Therefore, the concentration of H2SO4 decreases, reaching a concentration of 98.33%. • This solution boils at 338°C and is the material sold as "concentrated sulfuric acid."

  7. Concentrated sulfuric Acid • Can be used to chemically remove water from many compounds. It dehydrates sucrose (table sugar), C12H22O11, leaving a spongy black mass of carbon and diluted sulfuric acid. • It reacts similarly with skin, paperetc. • When it is mixed with water, a highly exothermic reaction occurs, and the energy released can be enough to heat the mixture to boiling. • Therefore, concentrated sulfuric acid must be diluted by adding the acid slowly to cold water while the mixture is stirred to dissipate the heat.

  8. Uses • Sulfuricacid is in the "wet method" for the production of phosphoric acid, used for manufacture of phosphate fertilizers as well as trisodiuphosphate for detergents. • Sulfuric acid is used for a variety of other purposes in the chemical industry. For example, it is the usual acid catalyst for the conversion of cyclohexanoneoximetocaprolactam, used for making nylon.

  9. Uses (Continued) • It is also used for making hydrochloric acid from salt via the Mannheim process. For example as a catalyst for the reaction of isobutane with isobutylene to give isooctane, a compound that raises the octane rating of gasoline (petrol). • Sulfuricacid is also important in the manufacture of dyestuffs solutions and is the "acid" in lead-acid (car) batteries.

  10. Sources • http://scifun.chem.wisc.edu/chemweek/sulf&top/sulf&top.html • http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sulfuric_acid • http://www.google.com.sg/imghp?hl=en&tab=wi

  11. Thank you for your kind attention

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