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Session Two Bible Basics

Session Two Bible Basics. How We Got Our Bible. God The Author. Preservation Thou shalt keep them, O LORD, thou shalt preserve them from this generation for ever . ( Psa 12:7). Inspiration. Man The Instrument. All scripture is given by inspiration of God (II Tim 3:16). Canonization.

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Session Two Bible Basics

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  1. Session TwoBible Basics

  2. How We Got Our Bible God The Author PreservationThou shalt keep them, O LORD, thou shalt preserve them from this generation for ever. (Psa 12:7) Inspiration Man The Instrument All scripture is given by inspiration of God (II Tim 3:16) Canonization Translation Copying Textus Receptus God’s word kept intact in English: The King James Version Originals God’s word accepted by God’s people Reliable Manuscripts

  3. How We Got Our Bible – Inspiration God The Author PreservationThou shalt keep them, O LORD, thou shalt preserve them from this generation for ever. (Psa 12:7) Inspiration Man The Instrument All scripture is given by inspiration of God (II Tim 3:16) Canonization Translation Copying Textus Receptus God’s word kept intact in English: The King James Version Originals God’s word accepted by God’s people Reliable Manuscripts

  4. Inspiration II Timothy 3:16 All scripture isgiven by inspiration of God, and is profitable for doctrine, for reproof, for correction, for instruction in righteousness: II Peter 1:21 For the prophecy came not in old time by the will of man: but holy men of God spakeas they were moved by the Holy Ghost. • The scripture was “God-breathed”

  5. Inspiration • Verbal – applies to the very words • Plenary – extending to all parts alike • Inerrant – correct in every detail • Confluent • the scriptures are a product of two agents • God used man to give us His word

  6. Revelation vs. Inspiration vs. Illumination • Revelation – God revealing Himself to man • Inspiration – the Holy Spirit moving human writers in such a way that they recorded the very words of God though couched in their own literary style • Illumination – the Holy Spirit giving understanding of revealed truth

  7. How We Got Our Bible – Copying God The Author PreservationThou shalt keep them, O LORD, thou shalt preserve them from this generation for ever. (Psa 12:7) Inspiration Man The Instrument All scripture is given by inspiration of God (II Tim 3:16) Canonization Translation Copying Textus Receptus God’s word kept intact in English: The King James Version Originals God’s word accepted by God’s people Reliable Manuscripts

  8. Preservation Psalm 12:6, 7 The words of the LORD are pure words: as silver tried in a furnace of earth, purified seven times. Thou shalt keep them, O LORD, thou shalt preserve them from this generation for ever. • No original exists today

  9. Preservation • Many copies of the original languages do exist • These copies represent a critical link in the transmission of the biblical text from the originals to the Bible we have today • Not all manuscripts are true copies of the original • Manuscript evidence is a field of study by which we discern which are trustworthy and which are corrupt

  10. Materials used in Preservation • Papyrus • Made from papyrus reed by layering, pressing, gluing • Pros: cheap, easy to transport • Cons: fragile, easily damaged • Parchment • Prepared leather: tanned, scraped, stretched, polished • Pros: very durable • Cons: very expensive • Vellum is the highest quality parchment

  11. Terms Used • Manuscript – a hand-written document • Scroll, or Roll • a continuous roll of papyrus or parchment • usually held between two sticks • Typical Old Testament scroll: 18-27” high, 100’ long • Codex (Codices is plural) • Simply a book • Easier to carry than a scroll

  12. Terms Used • Lectionary – collections of scripture lessons arranged for congregational reading • Palimpset(also Rescriptus) • Parchment which has been rescraped • Technology can decipher the original writing • Uncial – upper case letters • Cursive (also Miniscule) – lower case letters

  13. Manuscripts

  14. Manuscripts • Each biblical manuscript discovered is given a unique identifier • Not all manuscripts contain the same portions of scripture • The oldest known manuscript of the New Testament (p1) contains only 18 verses from Matthew chapter 1 • Sinaiticus (א-Aleph) contains almost the complete New Testament

  15. How We Got Our Bible – Canonization God The Author PreservationThou shalt keep them, O LORD, thou shalt preserve them from this generation for ever. (Psa 12:7) Inspiration Man The Instrument All scripture is given by inspiration of God (II Tim 3:16) Canonization Translation Copying Textus Receptus God’s word kept intact in English: The King James Version Originals God’s word accepted by God’s people Reliable Manuscripts

  16. Canonization • Canon comes from the Greek word for “a rule” • Reasons • Maintain purity of “word” • Combat heresy • Confirm doctrine • The Bible is our all-sufficient rule for faith and practice

  17. Process of Canonization – Acceptance • Old Testament – whole-hearted acceptance by the churches of that which has already been accepted by the Jews • New Testament • Gospels, Pauline epistles readily accepted • I Peter and I John (140-220 A.D.) • Hebrew and Jude (220-360 A.D.) • James, II Peter, II John, III John, Revelation (400 A.D.)

  18. Process of Canonization – Rejection Old Testament NewTestament False gospels – Andrew, Barnabas, Thomas, etc. False Acts – The Acts of John, Paul, Peter, Philip, etc. False Epistles False Apocalypses – Revelation of Peter, Paul, Thomas, Stephen, etc. • Mentioned in the Old Testament • The Wars of the Lord (Num 21:14) • Jasher (Joshua 10:13) • The Book of Shemaiah (II Chr 12:15) • The Book of the Prophet Iddo (II Chr 13:22) • Apocrypha (c. 200-30 B.C.) • Wisdom of Solomon • Ecclesiasticus • Tobit • I and II Maccabees • Bel and the Dragon

  19. Tests of Canonization • The Writer • Was the writer God’s man (prophet or apostle)? • The Contents • Are they credible? • Do they add to without taking away from doctrine? • Acceptance • Is there a universal acceptance by God’s people • This test was especially significant for the New Testament

  20. How We Got Our Bible – Translation God The Author PreservationThou shalt keep them, O LORD, thou shalt preserve them from this generation for ever. (Psa 12:7) Inspiration Man The Instrument All scripture is given by inspiration of God (II Tim 3:16) Canonization Translation Copying Textus Receptus God’s word kept intact in English: The King James Version Originals God’s word accepted by God’s people Reliable Manuscripts

  21. Translation • Reason • To present the word of God in the reader’s own language • Replace earlier attempts, due to • Incompleteness • Faulty source manuscripts • Faulty (Catholic) influences • Result – God’s word kept intact in the King James Version

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