DEVELOPMENT AND ENERGY IN AFRICA Dar es Salaam, September 12, 2005

1. DEVELOPMENT AND ENERGY IN AFRICADar es Salaam, September 12, 2005 Contribution of Tanzania GVEP Activities in Achieving Millennium Development Goals Finias Magessa Programme Manager Sustainable Energy, TaTEDO

2. Presentation Outline • Introduction - Global Energy Situation, • Introduction - Tanzania Energy Situation, • Introduction - Global Village Energy Partnership, • GVEP Activities in Tanzania, • Objectives of Tanzania GVEP Activities, • Tanzania GVEP Specific Activities, • Expected Outputs and Reports, • Implementation Strategy, • Organization, Management and Coordination, • Linkages of Tanzania GVEP Activities with MDGs, • Conclusion.

3. 1.0 Introduction of Global Energy Situation • About 2 billion people, mostly in rural areas have no access to electricity. • A further 2 billion are severely undersupplied • One-third of the world relies on traditional fuels-wood, dung and agricultural residues for heating and cooking needs. • Conventional models of development assistance and financing energy systems is declining to meet energy needs of people, especially in rural areas • While the amount of development assistance is declining from multilateral banks and donors, demand for capital and investment is increasing.

4. 1.0 Global situation continues • Energy and its linkage to development are increasingly being recognized in various global fora. • In the Ninth Session of the CSD of April 2001, Governments of the world concluded that access to affordable modern energy is prerequisite for halving poverty level goals by year 2015. • Energy and sustainable development centred the WSSD summit debate - Johannesburg, 2002. • GVEP was one output of WSSD, launched to foster partnership at all levels in order to improve access to reliable and affordable energy services for sustainable development sufficient to achieve the millennium development goals.

5. 2.0 Tanzania Energy Situation • Of Tanzania's 34 million inhabitants, less than 10% have access to grid-based electricity and other forms of commercial energy. • Over 98% of rural people remain unconnected to modern energy technologies, • They rely on biomass sources, kerosene and dry cell batteries. • Biomass fuels (firewood and charcoal) accounts for over 90% of energy end-use in the country, largely in the household sector. • Petroleum contributes about 8% to energy end-use, while electricity, mostly from large-scale hydro, accounts for less than 2% of final energy end-use.

6. 2.0 Tanzania energy continues • A number of energy initiatives, have been initiated by the government of Tanzania in collaboration with development partners and stakeholders to combat energy poverty situation in Tanzania. • Among others, there is Sida - Institutional Support Program (ISP), ADB - Rural Energy Master Plan, The World Bank - Energizing Rural Transformation. • UNDP has a number of projects including Transformation of Rural PV Market in Tanzania, Cross Border Biodiversity projects and many others.

7. 3.0 Global Village Energy Partnership • GVEP - launched by UNDP and the World Bank. • Brings together developing and industrialized countries, public and private sectors, etc., to address energy access and poverty reduction. • GVEP is coordinated and managed by Technical Secretariat • GVEP is an approach to accelerate pace and scope of energy interventions to improve access to energy services for an additional 300 million people, mainly in rural areas, by 2015. • GVEP develops analysis and advocacy tools, means of knowledge networking, partnership strategies to support country and regional cooperation to deliver energy services to meet the needs of the poor to support sustainable development.

8. 3.0 GVEP continues • GVEP strategy is forming partnerships, bringing together developing country and industrialized governments, development partners, private firms, consumer groups, NGOs, research institutions, financial community and other stakeholders, to facilitate access of affordable energy services to the poor at a high rate. • GVEP activities will be carried out under a 10-year “implementation-based” program. • Objectives - catalyze country commitments to rural energy programs, bridge gaps between investors/ entrepreneurs and energy, facilitate policy and market regulatory frameworks, marketplace for information and best practices, facilitate an effective coordination mechanism.

9. 4.0 GVEP in Tanzania • Immediately after the WSSD in Johannesburg in 2002, awareness on GVEP initiative grew among different stakeholders including the MEM, development partners and NGOs. • Implementation of Tanzania GVEP activities started recently after UNDP signed a contract with a consortium of TaTEDO and TASONABI to facilitate GVEP activities implementation in Tanzania on 1st of August 2005 to 31st July 2006.

10. 5.0 Tanzania GVEP Objectives • The main objective is contributing to improve livelihood assets of rural population through improved access to better energy services of rural communities. • Specific objectives aim at: • Accelerating delivery of modern energy services to rural communities in Tanzania with a focus on Multifunctional Platforms. • Adding value and facilitate energy as means for sustainable development through services including in-country action plan development, capacity development (piloting MFPs), knowledge management; monitoring and evaluation of results and impacts.

11. 6.0 GVEP Specific activities include • Assist the establishment of Rural Energy Working Group (REWG) to be chaired by MEM with members from various sectors and partners. • Undertake energy-poverty baseline study that will identify barriers to scaling up of energy services in the country to reduce poverty. • Supporting the integration and mainstreaming of energy in implementation of the NSGRP. • Collect, update and analyze information on MFP, mini hydro, wind, biomass and solar energy resources and identify best practice energy technologies to be developed in rural communities in the future.

12. 6.0 Activities continue • Raising awareness in the investment community on investment possibilities associated with rural energy services and disseminate information on specific rural energy projects. • Organize and participates in workshops organized by other partners for the purpose of sharing experiences with other partners/countries. • Explore options for linking MEM’s energy information system/data base with the GVEP and UNDP’s knowledge network SEKN. • Establish an appropriate monitoring and evaluation system (poverty-energy-gender indicators) for rural energy compatible with the national monitoring frameworks.

13. 7.0 Expected outputs • Inception report - approach, methodology and detailed work plan. • REWG, a broad based working group formed providing inputs to action plans/ strategies – TOR for the group, in place. • Energy baseline study report – Stakeholder register of key actors and stakeholders in the rural energy. • Two MFPs piloted through a broad consultation process and proposals for moving these to implementation submitted. • Awareness and dissemination packages of rural energy initiatives, Institutional and Legal Framework for rural actors developed and awareness created in identified target regions and stakeholder groups.

14. 7.0 Outputs continues • In consultation with GVEP technical secretariat, database developed to streamline the national energy database with global energy systems. • Information exchange between Tanzania’s energy practitioners in GVEP and UNDP’s network SEKN through the establishment of online discussions groups. • An M&E system for rural energy compatible with the national monitoring frameworks established and capacity to keep it up and running built. • A comprehensive road map report, suggesting the way forward to implement modern energy technologies and best practices available.

15. 8.0 Implementation Strategy • Intensive literature review, consultation with relevant energy stakeholders at all levels, field visits for energy data collection and observation of energy situation and assessment, meetings/ workshops, networking with GVEP secretariat and other energy services. • Other general approaches are participation of local communities, building on existing experiences and adoption of a holistic approach to meet non-energy organizations, understanding of Tanzania energy balance and upward fuel switch opportunities and institutional capacity building.

16. 8.0 Strategy continue • Organization, Management and Coordination: team leader, technical advisor, assistant team leader • Specific expertise will be sought on activities demand basis. • Each activity has an expert leader in consultation with the team leader and technical advisor to promote enthusiasm and effectiveness

17. RURAL ENERGY WORKINGGROUP UNDP/ GEF MEM CONSULTANT (TaTEDO/FREDKA/TASONABI/FREE ENERGY FOUNDATION) COLLABORATING PARTNERS(KEYONGOING ENERGY PROGRAMS) INFORMATION SOURCES (Sida, WB, AfDB, etc.) KEY NON-ENERGY STAKEHOLDERS KEY ENERGY PLAYERS & STAKEHOLDERS TARGET GROUPS (end users, beneficiaries) Coordination and Linkages among Key Project Stakeholders

18. 9.0 LINKAGES OF TANZANIA GVEP WITH MDGS MDG 1:Eradicate Extreme Poverty and hunger by 2015 • Clean efficient fuels reduce the large share of household income spent on cooking lighting and keeping warm. • 95 percent of all staple food need cooking • Energy can be used to help farming, sowing and harvesting crops and to process and transport food. • Access to modern reliable energy services enables enterprise development and agro processing which provides employment, adds value to produce and hence more income to rural communities.

19. Micro hydro is potential in provision of modern energy for productive use in rural communities

20. 9.0 GVEP LINKAGES TO MDGs Continue MDG 2: Achieve Universal Primary Education • Access to energy provides opportunities to use better teaching equipment and evening classes. • Access to modern energy help teachers remain in rural communities. • Electricity enables access to modern educational media and communication in schools. • Modern energy systems and efficient building design reduce costs and thus school fees. • Energy helps create a more child friendly environment at school thus improving attendance and reduce drop out rates. • Access to modern energy could pump water and reduce time of children fetching water and firewood and hence more time for studies.

21. Solar system for quality lighting at Charawe school in Zanzibar

22. 9.0 GVEP and MDGs Continue MDG 3: Promote gender equality and empower women • Availability of modern energy services frees up children time from helping with survival activities so that they can go to school • Reliable energy services offer scope for women’s enterprises and allow income generating activities beyond day light hours • Lighting allows evening classes and help to retain teachers • Streetlight improves women’s safety. • Value addition to women activities

23. Wind technologies and biogas have the potential to relax women workload

24. 9.0 GVEP and MDGs Continue MDG 5&6: Health reduce child mortality and Improve maternal health and combat HIV AIDS Malaria and other diseases • Energy is needed to store medicine, improve medical equipment services and lighting • Indoor air pollution from fires contribute to respiratory infection in children and women • Provision of nutrition cooked food space heating and boiled water contribute to better health • Energy services provide access to better medicine refrigeration, equipment sterilization and operating theatres

25. 9.0 GVEP and MDGs Continue MDG 7: Ensure environmental sustainability • Overuse of fuel wood can cause erosion, reduce soil fertility and desertification, fuel switching, improved efficiency and energy crops can help, • Using clear, more efficient fuels reduces greenhouse gas emissions which cause climate change • Clean energy production can encourage better natural resources management • Energy to pump irrigation and drinking water

26. 9.0 GVEP and MDGs Continue MDG 8:Develop Global Partnership for Development • Partnership allow for use of new innovative technologies potential for improved production, hence reduce poverty and women’s time • Partnership could allow for in flow of new technological expertise and resources that are needed for development • Partnership could bring in investment that not only will increase production but also provide employment which is strategic to poverty reduction

27. 10.0 Conclusion • GVEP initiative is implemented in Tanzania at the right time. Concerted efforts among different sectors should be forged to see to it that energy delivery and availability to rural communities is intensified for sustainable development . • Integrated approach is vital for energy availability to bear expected fruits. • Timely financing, awareness, infrastructure development, resources and technical capabilities are equally important for GVEP success in Tanzania

28. Asanteni Kwa Kunisikiliza Thank you for your attention