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Science 8 Unit A Topic 4

Science 8 Unit A Topic 4. Flow Rate and Viscosity . Key Concepts:. Liquids that are thicker than others are more viscous Compare the viscosity of different liquids Use a simple lab test to predict the effects of temperature changes on viscosity of fluids

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Science 8 Unit A Topic 4

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  1. Science 8 Unit A Topic 4 Flow Rate and Viscosity

  2. Key Concepts: • Liquids that are thicker than others are more viscous • Compare the viscosity of different liquids • Use a simple lab test to predict the effects of temperature changes on viscosity of fluids • Recognize flow rates as an indicator of the viscosity of different liquids • Identify applications, where viscosity of fluids is a significant factor (e.g. motor oils, sauces)

  3. Definition of Viscosity • Viscosity is a liquid's thickness, or resistance to flow.

  4. Measurement of Viscosity • Flow rate is a measure of a liquid's viscosity • The flow rate of a fluid is measured in ml/s (milliliters per second) • By measuring the flow rate, we are able to compare the viscosity of different fluids. • The thicker the fluid, the slower it flows and the more viscous it is.

  5. Changing Viscosity • Temperatureaffects the viscosity of a fluid • Increasing the temperature of a fluid will lower its viscosity • Lowering the temperature of a fluid will increase its viscosity.

  6. Practical Applications • The principles of aerodynamics, drag and turbulence are associated with the concept of viscosity. • Examine why these principles are related to how thick a fluid is. • Page 48-49

  7. Question • Taken the same aerodynamically designed racing car is on the track at different times of the day, which car would have an advantage, the one running in the morning when the outside temperature is 10°C, or the one running in the late afternoon, when the outside temperature is 26°C ? • Use the particle theory and what you have learned about viscosity of fluids to explain your answer. 

  8. Fluids are moved across the country through pipelines. • Heaters are used to control viscosity along the length of the pipeline.

  9. Extraction of oil - (Alberta Oil Sands) Only 25% can be extracted by conventional methods, whereas, 75% can be extracted by lowering the viscosity of the oil in the ground, before trying to extract it.

  10. Cleaning: products that can have their viscosity adjusted by changing the temperature (e.g. to remove bubble gum from a shoe or carpet, lower the temperature, by using an ice cube, to make the bubble gum more viscous, then it will be easier to remove) • Cooking requires knowledge of the effects that temperature has on viscosity. • Page 45- 46

  11. Homework • Page 49 # 1-4

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