Energy Forms and Sources

1. Energy Forms and Sources What comes to mind when you think of the word Energy?

2. Define Energy • Energy – is defined as the ability to do work; the ability to cause change; all energy can be transferred • Two main types of Energy: • Kinetic Energy: Is the energy an object has due to its motion • Potential Energy: Is energy stored in an object due to its position

3. Forms of Energy • We use energy everyday and in various different ways too • The energy we use on a daily basis comes in many different forms • Thermal • Chemical • Radient • Electrical • Nuclear Are just a few which we will be learning about

4. Thermal Energy • Is the sum of the kinetic and potential energy of a the particles in an object due to their motion; transfer of heat • Let’s explain by going back to the atom! • 3 Ways: Conduction, Convection, Radiation It all has to do with HEAT & Temperature • Temperature: is the measure of the average kinetic energy of the particles in a material Connection: The temperature of a material increase as the thermal energy of the material increases!

5. Chemical Energy • When you are eating you are providing your body with energy…but how does your body convert a burger into body fuel (energy) • The chemical compounds in food contain molecules • In these molecules there is energy • When your stomach breaks down your burger it breaks the molecule bonds and releases energy • Chemical energy: is the energy stored between bonds; it’s a kind of potential energy b/c it’s waiting to be released or split apart

6. Radient Energy • Is energy that travels in waves, like the sun • Includes: Radio waves, microwaves, light and X-rays (electromagnetic)

7. Electrical Energy • Is energy that is carried by and electric current • ALL electrical appliances convert electrical energy into other forms of energy • For example, the battery

8. Nuclear Energy • This energy begins at the very center of an atom – its NUCLEUS • Nuclear Energy is energy that is stored in the nucleus of an atom • It is released when a change occurs – nuclei can be joined together (like in the sun, forming fusion) or split apart (like in a nuclear power plant where uranium atoms are split apart called nuclear fusion) – the energy from this is used to produce electrical energy

9. Basic Ideas • 1- Energy is used everyday to provide light and heat • 2- Law of Conservation of Energy: energy can neither be created nor destroyed • 3- Energy must come from the natural world

10. Conservation • Fossil fuels are a valuable resource • Using less energy is called conserving energy • How? • Turn off appliances • Keep doors and windows closed • Use cars less • Recycle