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Phrases

Phrases. A group of related words that is missing a subject or verb Review from last year…. Prepositional: In the middle of the room Participle: Walking in the hallways , I tripped. Gerund: Watching the Bears play today was depressing.

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Phrases

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  1. Phrases • A group of related words that is missing a subject or verb • Review from last year…. • Prepositional: In the middle of the room • Participle: Walking in the hallways, I tripped. • Gerund: Watching the Bears play today was depressing. • Appositive: My sinuses, the source of all my misery, apparently hate me. • Infinitive: He loves to visit pumpkin patches in the fall.

  2. Clauses • Independent clause= stands alone • I walked. • The mom is kind. • Dependent clause= Cannot stand alone • Also called a subordinating clause • Often begin with a subordinating conjunction • After I came home. • Before I take the test. • Because you are so intelligent.

  3. Subordinating Conjunctions • BA WAWBITS! • Before, after, when, although, while, because, if, that, since

  4. Your Guide • If you see a FANBOYS….suspect COMPOUND • If you see a BA WAWBITS….suspect COMPLEX • Just go through a couple of tests first

  5. Complex= BA WAWBITS • BA WAWBITS introduce dependent clauses • If you see one, suspect complex • Put it through a quick test first- make sure it is actually a clause (NOT just a phrase)

  6. Real Complex Sentences • Although I was sick, I still ate dinner. • She was hungry because she worked out. • Kelly thought about the plan while she was on the plane. • When he got home from the trip, he took a nap. • If we all get an A+ on our quiz, we will eat pie.

  7. FAKE Complex Sentences • If not, at least we know we tried. • While swimming, I drowned. • I was tired because of the dance. • Although fun, soccer is really dangerous. • These are simple!

  8. Weird Complex Sentences • The Invisible That • I am happy [that] you won the game. • She was sad [that] he didn’t bring home dinner. • The W Clauses • Emmie, who is my best friend, is an architect. • The house, which was vacant for years, has a new owner. • Does anyone know who left the phone on the desk?

  9. Loose and Periodic Sentences • Two more ways to classify sentences • A DIFFERENT classification system than the four grammatical sentences A loose sentence: The extra information of a sentence is at the end A periodic sentence: The extra information of a sentence is at the beginning or in the middle It’s a continuum.

  10. Examples • Mrs. Miedwigdrove home sadly, discouraged by the way her students made fun of her glasses. • Loose • My childhood home, a beautiful cabin built on the edges of Kentucky Lake, no longer exists. • Periodic • After sorting through piles of letters and reading old cards, I miss college even more. • Periodic

  11. Parallel Structure • Making sure that all parts of a sentence are balanced. • Look for a list or series (or items on two sides of a sentence). Make sure all items in that series are balanced. • Examples: Jennaenjoys playing soccer, watching movies, and reading books. Chance’s favorite outfits include his orange hoodie, his ripped jeans, and his brown sandals.

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