1 / 17

Ocean Water and Ocean Life

Ocean Water and Ocean Life. Chapter 15. Salinity. The total amount of solid material dissolved in water. Measured in Parts Per Thousand ( ppt ‰) Average Ocean Salinity = 35‰ Most of the salt in seawater is NaCl , or common table salt. Where did the salt come from??.

milica
Download Presentation

Ocean Water and Ocean Life

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript


  1. Ocean Water and Ocean Life Chapter 15

  2. Salinity • The total amount of solid material dissolved in water. • Measured in Parts Per Thousand (ppt ‰) • Average Ocean Salinity = 35‰ • Most of the salt in seawater is NaCl, or common table salt.

  3. Where did the salt come from?? • Chemical weathering and erosion of rocks and minerals. • Earth’s interior: • Gases emitted into the air by volcanoes throughout geologic history

  4. Processes that Affect Salinity • Less salty • Precipitation • Runoff • Melting ice • More salty • Evaporation • Formation of ice

  5. Temperature and Thermocline • Ocean temperature is highest at the surface. • Thermocline- the layer of ocean water where there is a rapid change of temperature with depth. • Creates a vertical barrier for ocean life.

  6. Density • Mass per volume unit • Mass ÷ Volume • Affects water’s vertical position. • Factors that affect density: • Salinity • Temperature

  7. Ocean Layers • Mixed Zone –water is mixed by waves and circulation currents and tides • Transitional Zone –temperature falls abruptly • Deep Zone –Little to no sunlight. Density is the same as well as temperature. • Ocean Floor

  8. Classification of Marine Organisms • Classified by where they live and how they move. • Plankton: float or drift with ocean currents. • Nekton: free swimmers found in all area of the ocean. • Benthos: Live on ocean floor

  9. Marine Life Zone Factors • Availability of sunlight. • Distance from shore • Water depth

  10. Photic vs. Aphotic zones • Photos=light • Photic Zone: upper part of the ocean where light can penetrate. • Euphotic: portion of the photic zone where there is enough light to support photosynthesis. • Aphotic Zone: • no sunlight • Deep ocean

  11. Distance from shore • Intertidal zones: • Area where land and ocean meet and overlap. • Neritic Zone: • Seaward from the low-tide line to the continental shelf break. • Oceanic Zone- • Beyond the continental shelf.

  12. Depth of Ocean • Pelagic Zone • Open ocean of any depth. • Benthic zone • Any sea-bottom surface at any distance from shore. • Abyssal zone • Deep area with high pressure zones, low temps and low oxygen levels.

  13. Ocean Productivity • Primary Productivity is the production of organic compounds from inorganic substances . • Photosynthesis- uses light energy to convert water and carbon dioxide into glucose. • Chemosynthesis- uses chemical energy to create organic molecules from inorganic nutrients.

  14. Factors that Affect a Region’s Photosynthetic Productivity • Availability of nutrients • Amount of solar radiation/sunlight.

  15. Productivity in the Oceans

  16. Trophic Levels • A trophic level is a nourishment level in a food chain.

  17. Food Chain vs. Food Web • Food Chain: sequence of organisms through which energy is transferred, starting with the primary producer. • Food Web: group of interrelated food chains

More Related