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Spirituality, Religion, and the Supernatural

Spirituality, Religion, and the Supernatural. Religion. Organized belief in the supernatural. Religion vs. spirituality Worldview All cultures have religion Supernatural. Religion and Symbols. Religion has symbols Actions, words, ideas, objects that represent something else

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Spirituality, Religion, and the Supernatural

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  1. Spirituality, Religion,and the Supernatural

  2. Religion • Organized belief in the supernatural. • Religion vs. spirituality • Worldview • All cultures have religion • Supernatural

  3. Religion and Symbols • Religion has symbols • Actions, words, ideas, objects that represent something else • Symbols put together become a system of knowledge

  4. Myths • Sacred stories with supernatural explanations • A culture will see their myths as real • Usually concerns ideology and worldview

  5. Rituals • Anything you do in a repetitive nature • Religion has rituals • 2 types of rituals • Calendric • Crisis

  6. Forms of Religion • Animatism – impersonal; a power that exists out there – does not care about people • Deitys – Cares about people • Different forms • Anthropomorphic • Zoomorphic • Biomorphic • Most cultures are polytheistic

  7. Dealing with Supernatural • Religion per se system – supernatural very removed and powerful • Magic per se system – deals with things on a small scale • Uses recipes • 2 ways to use magic – • Contagious – obtain something from a person • Imitative – imitate desired effect

  8. Functions of Religion • Explain things • Establish order • Justifies things • Provides support • Socializes people • Vehicle for passage

  9. Theories of Religion • Cognitive • Psychological • Social Function

  10. Non-industrial Cultures • Supernatural intervenes all of the time • Breaking a taboo • Angered ancestor spirit • Someone using magic

  11. Levels of Religion • Individualistic • Shamanistic • Communal system • Ancestor worship • Totem worship • Ecclesiastical

  12. Examples of Religion • Australian Aborigines and Dream Time • Maori of New Zealand

  13. Major Religions of the World

  14. Polytheism • Belief in several gods and/or goddesses • Pantheon • Animism

  15. Rites of Passage • Arnold Van Gennep rites of passage into the following: • Rites of separation • Rites of transition • Rites of incorporation

  16. Rites of Intensification • Rituals to mark occasions of crisis in the life of the group. • Functions: • Unite people. • Allay fear of the crisis. • Prompt collective action.

  17. Witchcraft • Divination • Functions • Explain away personal misfortune • Outlet for feelings of hostility and frustration

  18. Revitalization Movements • Social movements, often of a religious nature, with the purpose of totally reforming a society.

  19. Cargo Cult

  20. Overview of religions

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