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Association Areas : On Cerebral Cortex

Your conscious awareness of your own name and self-identity depends primarily on the normal functioning of your: Cerebellum Amygdala Hypothalamus Sympathetic Nervous System Cerebral Cortex. 2. The most extensive regions of the cerebral cortex, which enable learning and memory, are the:

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Association Areas : On Cerebral Cortex

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  1. Your conscious awareness of your own name and self-identity depends primarily on the normal functioning of your: • Cerebellum • Amygdala • Hypothalamus • Sympathetic Nervous System • Cerebral Cortex

  2. 2. The most extensive regions of the cerebral cortex, which enable learning and memory, are the: • Reticular Formation • Medulla • Sensory Areas • Cerebellum • Association Areas • Association Areas: On Cerebral Cortex • Not Directly involved in Conscious Thought, Sensory Functions, or Motor Functions • Combine Elements from various regions of the cortex & rest of the brain • Enables Learning & Memory (Recognizing faces, Navigating your neighborhood, anticipating punishment)

  3. A random error in gene replication is known as a: • Gender Schema • Genome • Mutation • Natural Selection • Heritability

  4. Evolutionary psychologists would be most likely to predict that men will marry women who are _________than they are. • Less wealthy • Less physically attractive • More sexually experienced • Younger • Mating Preferences: • Men: (Spreading your seed Successfully) • Young (Peak Fertility) • Hips wider than waists • Infatuation wains after 3-5 years • Women: (Long-Term) • Much Pickier: 9 Mos of Pregnancy • Maturity, Dominance • Ability to support & protect offspring Science of Sex Appeal

  5. Genetics

  6. Mechanics of it… • Chromosomes: Threadlike structures containing DNA • 46 Total (23 pairs: 1 from each parent) • Found in every Cell Nucleus • Genes: Units of DNA that make up Chromosomes • Control production of proteins • 30,000 in your body • Either Active (Expressed) or Inactive 96% genetic similarity to Chimps! Chromsome map

  7. Sex Chromosomes • Determined by 23rd Pair of Chromosomes • Men: XY Women: XX Turner’s Syndrome (Single X): Physical abnormalities (Shortness, Webbed necks, etc.). Klinefelter’s Syndrome (Extra X): Extreme Introversion & Sexual dysfunction. Fragile X: Most common form of inherited mental Disability & Autism in boys.

  8. We live in a patriarchal world…

  9. Brain differences between boys and girlsBoys brains are bathed in Testosterone in womb

  10. Genes and Inheritance • Genotype – Inherited Instructions within genetic code • Phenotype –An organism’s Actual characteristics Genetic Predispositions can be activated/Kept turned off by the Environment!

  11. Behavior-Genetics • Study of the relationship between nature/nurture Twin Studies Monozygotic (100%) 1 egg, 1 sperm Vs. Fraternal (50%) 2 eggs, 2 sperm Together Apart Adoption Studies Bio.=Nature Adopt.=Nurture

  12. Evolution has fundamentally shaped psychological processes because it favors genetic variations that produce adaptive behavior Evolution Evolution –The gradual process of biological change that occurs in a species as it adapts to its environment

  13. Evolution and Natural Selection • Mutations – Genetic variations, which occur randomly, especially during the recombination of chromosomes in sexual reproduction • Natural selection –The driving force behind evolution, by which the environment “selects” the fittest organisms

  14. How Natural Selection Works Environmental pressure (changes in the environment) Competition (for resources) Selection of fittest phenotype (from among a variety of phenotypes) Reproductive success (genotype corresponding to fittest phenotypes passed to next generation) Frequency of that genotype increases (in next generation)

  15. Evolutionary Psychology • We are predisposed to behave in ways that promoted our ancestors’ surviving & reproducing, but that might not help us now. Humans are more likely to be afraid of spiders, snakes, & heights than guns & electricity Finding the scent of relatives to be “unsexy” Enjoying the taste of sweets and fats (used to allow us to overcome famine)

  16. Football & The Brain This is Your Brain on Football

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